Abstract: The present invention relates to a photocurable liquid resin composition comprising: (A) a cationically polymerizable organic compound; (B) a cationic photopolymerization initiator; (C) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer; (D) a radical photopolymerization initiator; (E) a polyether polyol compound having one or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule; and, optionally, includes elastomer particles having a specific particle diameter and/or an epoxy-branched alicyclic compound.

Abstract: A radiation curable resin composition capable of producing molded articles which have excellent transparency, small light-coloring resistance, high dimensional accuracy, high surface hardness, and high thermal resistance.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a &bgr;-lactam antibiotic in which a &bgr;-lactam nucleus is subjected to an enzymatic acylation reaction with the aid of an acylation agent at a molar ratio of acylation agent/&bgr;-lactam nucleus of less than 2.5, with the acylation agent and/or the &bgr;-lactam nucleus being supersaturated in the reaction mixture during at least part of the acylation reaction. In the process, a concentrated slurry or solution, for instance, of the &bgr;-lactam nucleus and/or the acylation agent with a different pH or a higher temperature than the pH or temperature at which the acylation reaction is carried out is added to the reaction mixture during the acylation reaction. Both the &bgr;-lactam nucleus and the acylation agent may be supersaturated in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: This invention discloses compositions adapted to produce, through solid imaging means, excellent quality objects having material properties that simulate the look and feel of polyethylene articles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a high-molecular polyamide or polyester by melt-mixing polyamide or polyester having a lower molecular weight with a carbonyl bislactam having formula 1, in which n=an integer of between 3 and 15.

Abstract: Method for preparing melamine from urea via a high-pressure process in which solid melamine is obtained by transferring the melamine melt coming from the reactor to a vessel where the melamine melt is cooled with an evaporating cooling medium. The melamine melt comes from the melamine reactor at a temperature between the melting point of melamine and 450° C. and is sprayed into a cooling vessel, via spraying means, having an ammonia environment with an increased ammonia pressure and cooled by means of an evaporating cooling medium to form melamine powder. The melamine melt is thereby converted into melamine powder having a temperature of 270° C. or below after which the ammonia pressure is released and the melamine powder is cooled, at least for part of the cooling range, by the powder being set in motion mechanically and being cooled directly or indirectly and, if necessary, the melamine powder is cooled further.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for the preparation of segmented elastomer polyester copolymers that shows greater flexibility with respect to the types and amounts of product to be produced than the known processes. The flexibility is achieved by splitting up a low-molecular PBT product stream from a continuous PBT process and partly using it as feed for the transesterification reaction with the polyalkyleneoxide glycol yielding soft segments to form a low-molecular segmented polyester copolymer, which is subsequently further condensed in the melt or optionally in the solid phase to form high-molecular segmented polyester copolymers. Even greater flexibility can be obtained by operating several parallel production lines for segmented polyester copolymer. Fluctuations in the types of copolyester product to be produced and the amounts thereof are accommodated predominantly in the polycondensation step of the PBT production.

Abstract: An elastic fiber of a mixture containing a copolyether ester or a copolyester ester and a chemically crosslinked rubber, which fiber has a permanent elongation after 100% stretching of at most 9% and an elongation at break of at least 450% and a process for producing an elastic fiber comprising the melt spinning of a mixture of a copolyether ester or a copolyester ester and a rubber to form a fiber, in which the rubber is completely or almost completely crosslinked at the moment the fiber is formed, and are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a simple and selective method for the deacylation of 4-acylated statins during the preparation of statins from a fermentation broth, more specifically a reduction of impurities from the process, by increasing the pH of the fermentation broth.

Abstract: A polymerization catalyst obtained by contacting metallic magnesium with an aromatic halide, RX, under conditions effective to obtain a first reaction product and solid residual products is disclosed. The first reaction product is then separated from the solid residual products. A silane compound containing an alkoxy or aryloxy group is added to the first reaction product between −20° C. to 20° C. to obtain a precipitate which is purified to obtain a second reaction product. Subsequently, the second reaction product is contacted with a halogenized titanium compound, such as, titanium tetrachloride, to obtain a further reaction product. The polymerization catalyst is obtained by purifying the further reaction product. In the aromatic halide, R represents an aromatic group containing from 6 to 20 carbon atoms and X represents a halide. An electron dopor such as dibutyl phthalate may also be present during the titanium addition.

Abstract: Process to separate linear 5-formylvaleric acid from a mixture of 5- and 3- and 4-formylvaleric acids, wherein the separation is performed by fractional extraction with two immiscible solvents of which one solvent is an aqueous solvent and the other solvent is an organic solvent, in which the organic solvent has a higher or lower affinity for 5-formylvaleric acid than its affinity for the 3-formylvaleric acids and for the 4-formylvaleric acid. Furthermore the invention relates to an improved process to prepare ∈-caprolactam starting from a mixture of branched and linear formylvaleric acids or starting from pentenoic acid.

Abstract: Method for preparing melamine from urea via a high-pressure process in which solid melamine is obtained by transferring the melamine melt coming from the reactor to a vessel where the melamine melt is cooled with an evaporating cooling medium. The melamine melt comes from the melamine reactor at a temperature between the melting point of melamine and 450° C. and is sprayed into a cooling vessel, via spraying means, and cooled by means of an evaporating cooling medium to form melamine powder. The cooling vessel has an ammonia environment with an increased ammonia pressure. The melamine melt is thereby converted into melamine powder having a temperature of between 200° C. and the solidification point of melamine. The melamine powder is then cooled to a temperature below 200° C. with the powder mechanically agitated and being cooled directly or indirectly, after which the ammonia pressure is released and, if necessary, the melamine powder is cooled further.

Abstract: Radiation-curable compositions, having high elongation at break and toughness after cure can include the following pre-mixture components: a) a polymer, oligomer or monomer having at least one (meth)acrylate functional group; b) an oligomer or monomer, exclusive of (meth)acrylate functional groups, having an ethylenically unsaturated functional group; and c) an elongation promoter; wherein the composition, after radiation-cure, has an elongation at break of at least about 200%. Glass substrates and optical fibers are coated with the radiation-curable composition. Monofilament fiber or a plurality of fiber filaments, such as sewing thread, are coated with the radiation-curable binder composition, which after cure, demonstrates high elongation at break.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a yeast cell comprising at least two copies of a desired gene integrated into its chromosomal genome, wherein said genome comprises at least two DNA domains suitable for integration of one or more copies of said desired gene, which domains share substantial sequence homology and are non-ribosomal RNA encoding DNA domains, and wherein at least two of said substantially homologous non-ribosomal RNA encoding DNA domains have at least one copy of the said desired gene integrated. The invention also provides methods for making yeast cells according to the invention, as well as the use thereof for making a protein, a peptide or a metabolite.

Abstract: A radiation curable resin composition comprising (A) a first linear (meth)acryloyl and aromatic group-containing compound, (B) a second branched (meth)acryloyl group-containing compound, (C) a radiation polymerization initiator, and (D) silica particles having a secondary average particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 &mgr;m. The composition is suitable for use as a printable heat-resistant protective coat which is used for information recording media such as thermosensible recording cards and thermosensible photographic printing paper.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure process for producing melamine from urea in which highly pure melamine is obtained by transferring melamine melt leaving a melamine reactor to a cooling vessel where the melamine melt is cooled to a temperature of between 1° C. and 30° C. above the melting point of melamine after which the liquid melamine can be transferred to a second cooling vessel in which vessel the melamine melt is further cooled using cold ammonia by which solid melamine is obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus for effecting gas-liquid contact in a system in which the liquid is the continuous phase, the apparatus consisting of a vertical column fitted with a series of perforated trays. The perforated trays provide openings near the edges of the trays or between the trays and the inside of the column wall for the transport of liquid. The trays also include a downwardfacing flange at or near the tray edge to establish and maintain a gas cushion under the tray, the height of the flange being between 5-50% of the tray-to-tray spacing The trays further including an upwardly-facing rim on the top side of the tray within which are provided perforations designed for gas flow, the height of the rim being between 5-50% of the tray-to-tray spacing. Between adjacent trays is provided a generally cylindrical tube having a diameter smaller than that of the downwards-facing flange and larger than the upwards-facing rim, the height of the cylinder being 40-80% of the distance between two successive trays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bread improver composition containing lipase, hemicellulase and amylase, preferably in combination with shortening. The enzyme preparation of the invention has an advantageous effect on the crumb softness of the final bakery product. The combination of the enzyme preparation of the invention and shortening can replace emulsifiers like SSL and monoglycerides which are used as a crumb softener.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition for rapid prototyping comprising: a. about 30 wt. % to about 70 wt. % of at least two epoxy resins, at least one of these resins is solid at room temperature and comprises aromatic groups, and at least one of these resins is liquid, having a viscosity at 25° C. lower than about 1,000 Pa.s, b. about 15 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of at least one multifunctional acrylate compound c. about 5 wt. % to about 30 wt. % of a hydroxyfunctional compound d. about 1 wt. % to about 6 wt. % cationic photoinitiator e. about 1 wt. % to about 6 wt. % free radical photoinitiator. The invention further relates to a process for the manufacturing of 3-dimensional objects, known as rapid prototyping, wherein the photosensitive resin composition is used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optical fiber coatings, inks and matrix material structures such as bundles or ribbons, and methods of curing the same, using low power electron beam radiation. The optical fiber substrate is not substantially degraded following exposure to the low power electron beam radiation during the curing process.