Abstract: Process for the preparation of urea, in which the gas stream which is released during the synthesis of melamine and is composed essentially of ammonia and carbon dioxide is used to synthesize urea, in which process the gas stream which originates from a high-pressure melamine process and is composed essentially of ammonia and carbon dioxide is condensed at a pressure virtually equal to the pressure in the melamine reactor, in which process substantially anhydrous ammonium carbamate is formed, after which said ammonium carbamate is fed to a high-pressure section of a urea stripping plant.

Abstract: A process to prepare the E isomer of a 3-substituted (6R,7R)-7-phenyl-acetamido-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid from a mixture of the E and Z-isomer of either the corresponding tert-butyl or the corresponding 4-methoxybenzyl ester of a 3-substituted (6R,7R)-7-phenylacetamido-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylate, characterized by the application of a compound selected from the group titanium tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride and tellurium tetrachloride.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solvent-free radiation curable, optical glass fiber coating composition containing:a) a urethane oligomer having a functional group capable of polymerization in the presence of actinic radiation, with an average functionality of at least about 1.2, having a vinyl addition polymer as backbone.b) a urethane compound having a functional group capable of polymerization in the presence of actinic radiation, with an average functionality of at least about 1, containing an organic moiety having about 5 or more carbon atoms as backbone.c) a reactive diluent.Furthermore, the invention relates to a solvent-free method for producing a solvent-free, radiation curable urethane oligomer composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel multi-functional fuel and lubricant additive that provides dispersancy properties as well as viscosity index improved credit, improved fuel economy and low temperature viscometric properties. The invention further relates to concentrates, fuel and lubricating oil compositions containing said additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to diagnostic assays whereby the detection means is based on electrochemical reactions. This means that the label to be detected provides an electric signal. Preferred labels are enzymes giving such a signal. Provided is a flow cell whereby a solid phase is provided in a flow stream of the sample, in close proximity to a working electrode to detect any electrical signal. In a typical embodiment, a sample is mixed with molecule having specific binding affinity for an analyte of which the presence in the sample is to be detected, whereby said specific binding molecule is provided with a label. The conjugate of labelled specific binding molecule and analyte is then immobilized on the solid phase in the vicinity of the working electrode, the flow cell is rinsed with a solution and afterwards a substrate solution for the label (an enzyme) is provided upon which an electrical signal is generated and can be detected by the working electrode.

Abstract: A photo-curable resin composition capable of providing a three-dimensional object having excellent mechanical strength and high dimensional accuracy when used in a photo-fabrication process. The resin composition is also capable of providing a three-dimensional object with excellent stability in shape and properties in a photo-fabrication process. The photo-curable composition includes:(A) a compound represented by the formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;(B) a compound having a cyclohexene oxide structure;(C) a cationic photo-initiator;(D) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer;(E) a radical photo-initiator; and(F) a polyol having three or more hydroxyl groups.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a substrate by covering the substrate with a composition in a sufficient amount to clean the substrate. The composition includes a substantial amount of at least one low viscosity organic compound which includes a radiation curable group. The compound is reclaimed for further use. The reclaimed compound may be used as a reactive diluent in a radiation curable coating composition.

Abstract: Process for the depolymerization of one or more polyamides into its monomeric components in the presence of water by means of at least one alkali metal compound, at least one alkaline-earth metal compound or a combination thereof. The depolymerization takes place at a pressure of between 0.2 and 2.0 MPa, so that high conversions are achieved and the depolymerization reaction proceeds faster, even in the presence of a high content of cyclic oligomers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for obtaining feed pellets. The method includes the addition of active ingredients to feed pellets after the pellets have been extruded. The method further includes the addition of a solution or suspension of the desired feed or ingredient in a water or oil phase to the pellets under reduced pressure and subsequently increasing the pressure. The method results in pellets with a high degree of loading and in which the active ingredients are homogeneously distributed.

Abstract: Provided is a ribbon assembly having the functional capability of providing mid-span access without the use of additives, monomers or oligomers containing fluorine or silicone. The ribbon assembly is formulated from an oligomer which reduces the surface energy of the ink coating and/or the matrix material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coated lipase granule comprising lipase coated with a material which is impervious to lipid.

Abstract: Provided is a radiation-curable, glass optical fiber coating composition which when suitably cured exhibits resistance to attack from hydrocarbon gel cable filing material. The composition containsabout 10 to about 90% by weight of a first radiation-curable oligomer;from 0 to about 40% by weight of a reactive diluent;from 0 to about 40% by weight of a photoinitiator;from 0 to about 10% by weight of a pigment; andabout 10 to about 90% by weight of a second radiation-curable oligomer according to the following formula:R.sup.1 -L.sup.1 -C.sup.1 -L.sup.2 -R.sup.2 (1)where:R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently, each represent a radiation-curable functional group;L.sup.1 and L.sup.2, independently, each represent an alkyleneoxy chain having from about 2 to about 40 carbon atoms, wherein L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are linked to C.sup.1 through an oxygen atomC.sup.1 comprises a hydrocarbon having from about 5 to about 40 carbon atoms and containing at least one cyclic group.

Abstract: The invention relates to an acid-dyeable polyamide fiber which can be obtained very reproducibly and unsusceptibly to faults during the production process. The fiber is characterized in that the amino end group content is less than 10 meq/kg. A very reproducible affinity for dyestuffs is obtained by copolymerization of a compound containing an acidic end group and having a basic nature. Compounds derived from melamine are particularly suitable.

Abstract: Polysubstituted cyclopentadiene-containing compound, in which at least one substituent is has the formula --RDR'.sub.n, in which R is a linking group between the cyclopentadiene and the DR'.sub.n group, D is a hetero atom selected from group 15 or 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements or an aryl group, in which case R has at least the length of an ethylene group, R' is a hydrocarbon radical containing 1-20 carbon atoms (e.g., alkyl, aryl, aralkyl,. and the like, including straight chain, branched, cyclic, and derivatives thereof, and n is the number of R' groups bound to D (note that the R' groups may be identical or different).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a selection marker free system which can be used to introduce genetic modifications in bacteria, yeasts and fungi. The system can be employed to introduce or delete desired genes or DNA fragments in the genome of the indicated host species without leaving any undesired DNA i.e. the selection marker used for selection of transformants or other DNA used for cloning. In this way strains have been developed containing only desired genes introduced at desired chromosomal sites. Similarly, desired DNA fragments have been deleted or replaced at desired sites.

Abstract: Polysubstituted cyclopentadiene compound wherein at least two different substituents are present from the group consisting of linear, branched and cyclic alkyls, aralkyls and alkenyls, and a process for the preparation of a cyclopentadiene compound substituted with at least two different groups chosen from the group consisting of linear, branched, cyclic and aromatic alkyls and alkenyls, characterized in that it comprises the reacting of a halide of a first substituting group in a mixture of the cyclopentadiene compound and an aqueous solution of a base, in which the quantity of the base relative to the cyclopentadiene compound is between 5 and 30 mol/mol, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, followed by the addition of a halide of a second or optionally a third substituting group to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A liquid radiation curable resin composition comprising a polydimethylsiloxane compound which has (i) at least two urethane bonds in one molecule, (ii) an unreactive organic group at at least one of the ends of the molecule, and (iii) a radical curable ethylenically unsaturated group at the other end of the molecule. The resin composition exhibits superior shelf life in a liquid state and produces cured products having slippery surface. It is suitable as a coating material for optical fibers.

Abstract: An improved optical glass fiber ribbon unit, having the capability of providing mid-span access to individual color-coated optical glass fibers contained therein, by application of finger pressure from a human hand, is provided. The ribbon unit is made of a plurality of coated optical glass fibers each further coated with a cured color-composition, and a matrix material which binds the plurality of color-coated optical glass fibers together. A bonding force between the cured color-composition and the coated optical glass fibers is greater than a bonding force between the cured color-composition and the matrix material. The matrix material has been selected or formulated to provide a modulus and Tg sufficiently high such that when opposing pressure is applied to the ribbon unit using the fingers of a human hand, the matrix material buckles and separates from the color-coated optical glass fibers instead of compressing and absorbing the opposing pressure.

Abstract: Novel phytosphingosine-based analogs of ceramide I, methods for the preparation of these novel compounds, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods for the use thereof are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a thermoplastic elastomer comprising preparing a blend of a rubber and a thermoplastic resin, in which the rubber is at least partially vulcanized by using a phenolic curative. The invention is that, to overcome problems with surface quality, an effective amount of a Lewis base is added after the desired degree of vulcanization of the rubber is obtained.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of an UV-stable thermoplastic elastomer.