Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes for polymerizing ethylene, acyclic olefins, and/or selected cyclic olefins, and optionally selected olefinic esters or carboxylic acids, and other monomers. The polymerizations are catalyzed by selected transition metal compounds, and sometimes other co-catalysts. Since some of the polymerizations exhibit some characteristics of living polymerizations, block copolymers can be readily made. Many of the polymers produced are often novel, particularly in regard to their microstructure, which gives some of them unusual properties. Numerous novel catalysts are disclosed, as well as some novel processes for making them. The polymers made are useful as elastomers, molding resins, in adhesives, etc. Also described herein is the synthesis of linear .alpha.-olefins by the oligomerization of ethylene using as a catalyst system a combination a nickel compound having a selected .alpha.-diimine ligand and a selected Lewis or Bronsted acid, or by contacting selected .alpha.

Abstract: A blend of ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers with crystalline nylon, and ionomers and optionally amorphous nylon that have a unique balance of properties and to packaging films, laminates, co-extrusions and containers prepared therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for the general analysis of gene expression as well as a method for the differential analysis of the expression of members of a gene family.

Abstract: A process for making a cation exchange membranes includes impregnating a film of highly fluorinated sulfonic acid polymer in sulfonyl fluoride form with a compound selected from the group having the formula R-SO.sub.2 F, wherein R is a straight chain, branched or cyclic, highly fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. The impregnated film is irradiated with the radiation dose being in the range of 0.1 to 15 MRad. After irradiation, the film is hydrolyzed to form the membrane. The membranes have enhanced electrochemical properties when employed in electrochemical cells including improved performance under low humidity conditions.

Abstract: A receiver carrier synchronization apparatus and method for carrier synchronization with a received signal having a known data pattern preamble uses a "punctured" preamble for making carrier synchronization estimates thereby reducing the number of receivers required. The known data pattern preamble of the received signal is processed with a local reference signal and a differentiated replica of the known data pattern preamble to generate an error signal. The error signal is selectively sampled in the time domain in accordance with a puncture scheme, and the sampled error signal is used to generate the local reference signal in a closed loop. The received signal is processed with the local reference signal and a replica of the known data pattern preamble to generate a synchronization estimate signal.

Abstract: A toolless spike system for shoes wherein detents are used to retain and release, by snapping, clipping, etc., a spike member from a base member associated with the shoe.

Abstract: New adducts are produced from the reaction of vinyl dioxo compounds with anhydrides, epoxyesters, lactones, and lactams, and such adducts are useful for preparing curable coating compositions.

Abstract: D1 protease has been isolated from the alga (Scenedesmjus obliquus), wheat, and Synechocystis PCC 6803 and the genes encoding these enzymes have been cloned and sequenced. Native or recombinantly produced enzyme has been used to develop assays to detect herbicidal compositions capable of inhibiting the D1 protease enzyme.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of an inorganic oxide gel comprising contacting at least one fluorinated inorganic oxide precursor with a fluorinated gelling agent in the presence of at least one fluorinated solvent to form a solution; allowing sufficient time for gelation to occur; and isolating the inorganic oxide gel. Gels made by this process are useful as coatings and as components in inorganic/organic hybrid materials.

Abstract: A process for preparing perfluoroelastomer compositions which comprise perfluoroelastomers having a plurality of nitrile groups and a plurality of carboxyl-containing groups, carboxylate-containing groups, carboxamide groups, or mixtures thereof is provided. Such compositions cure rapidly in the presence of organotin compounds.

Abstract: A sacrificial fabric structure is disclosed for protection from the moving chain in chain saws. The structure includes fabric woven in a loose satin weave.

Abstract: A terephthalic acid slurry in acetic acid is produced by oxidising p-xylene in acetic acid, removing water by evaporation of a stream of water and acetic acid, and returning acetic acid to the oxidation step. The terephthalic acid is separated from the reaction medium in a first zone to leave a deposit on a band, the deposit is washed with a first aqueous medium in a second zone, removed from the band in a third zone, and admixed with a second aqueous medium. Reaction medium is passed from the first zone to the oxidation step and terephthalic acid is recovered, preferably after further purification.

Abstract: A large surface shaped structure having a smooth surface is formed by compression molding a charge (26) of reinforced molding material containing a thermoplastic material by placing a heated mold charge (26) in a mold (12, 14) which has its peripheral surfaces spaced apart to provide a shear gap (34). The width of the shear gap (34) is adjusted to accept a quantity of molding material sufficient to dissipate residual energy in the flow front of the charge to prevent rebound of the flow front as the structure solidifies.

Abstract: A resin air intake system provided with an intake control valve which permits simplifying the mold structure and maintaining axis center precision. In an air intake manifold, air intake passages are fabricated to be opened and provided with an intake control valve supported by a shaft having an axis in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the openings. The air intake manifold is molded from a resin as an air intake manifold proper and an air intake manifold cluster which have split faces, the split face of the air intake manifold proper provided with grooves in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the openings. Bearings which slidably support the shaft are mounted in the grooves and a projection which projects from the split face of the air intake manifold cluster is brought into contact with the bearings.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I and II, and their agriculturally-suitable salts, are disclosed which are useful for controlling undesired vegetation ##STR1## wherein X is a direct bond; O; S; NH; N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl); N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkyl); or N(allyl);R.sup.1 is H; F; Cl; or Br;R.sup.2 is H; F; Cl; Br; CF.sub.3 ; nitro; or cyano;R.sup.4 is H; C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl; or halogen;R.sup.5 is H; C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl; halogen; S(O).sub.2 (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl); or C(.dbd.O)R.sup.8 ; orR.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are taken together along with the carbon to which they are attached to form a spiro-cyclopropane ring;and R.sup.3, R.sup.8, and J are as defined in the disclosure.Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formulae I and II and a method for controlling undesired vegetation which involves contacting the vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound of Formula I or II.

Abstract: A process for the production of polymers by free radical polymerization, characterized in that there is added to the polymerization system one or more compounds of the general formula (A). ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a group capable of activating the vinylic carbon towards free radical addition;Y is OR.sup.2 or CH.sub.2 X(R.sup.2).sub.nwhere R.sup.2 is an optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, or optionally substituted saturated, unsaturated or aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring;X is an element other than carbon selected from Groups IV, V, VI or VII of the Periodic Table or a group consisting of an element selected from Groups IV, V, or VI to which is attached one or more oxygen atoms; andn is a number from 0 to 3, such that the valency of the group X is satisfied and, when n is greater than 1, the groups represented by R.sup.2 may be identical or different.

Abstract: A photosensitive thick film composition comprising an admixture of: (a) finely divided electrically conductive or dielectric particles, dispersed in; (b) an organic medium, comprising: (1) at least one acrylic monomer, (2) a photoinitiation system, (3) a thermal assist catalyst; and (4) an acidic acrylic polymer. The invention is further directed to a single print process for the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for separating 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) from vinyl chloride by using extractive distillation with an extractive agent selected from the aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorocarbons and alcohols.

Abstract: Curable perfluoroelastomer compositions are prepared in the presence of an initiator system comprising a mixture of a persulfate salt and a reducing agent wherein the amount of reducing agent present is no more than 20 mole percent of the total initiator system. The perfluoroelastomer is isolated and decarboxylated, thereby providing a product having excellent processability.

Abstract: A hydroformylation catalyst composition comprising iridium or rhodium and a bidentate organic phosphite ligand wherein the two phosphorus atoms of the phopshite ligand are linked with a 2,2'-dihydroxyl-1,1'-binapthalene bridging group having the following structure (Q): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are substituents other than hydrogen.