Abstract: A method for converting a material comprising lignocellulose or cellulose into a substance convertible with yeast into ethyl alcohol, wherein a mixture comprising 1 part by weight of the material and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of water is stirred at a temperature of 150 to 270 degrees C. in a vessel closed in terms of pressure in conditions of providing a high shearing force to be pulverized to an average of maximum dimensions of 1 to 20 micrometers, whereby the material is degraded and at least 15% by weight of the cellulose in the material is converted into a substance convertible into ethyl alcohol. It is possible to prepare saccharides for alcohol fermentation from lignocellulose or cellulose by using this method.

Abstract: Mixtures of different polyolefins may be made by direct, preferably simultaneous, polymerization of one or more polymerizable olefins using two or more transition metal containing active polymerization catalyst systems, at least one of which contains cobalt or iron complexed with selected ligands. The polyolefin products may have polymers that vary in molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, crystallinity, or other factors, and are useful as molding resins and for films.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for displaying image information in which pixels of a matrix screen (21) are actuated as a function of the image information (30) of a plurality of more than two different mutually complementary stereoscopic half-images such that each of the half-images is reproduced with a large number of image points on one of different sub-groups of the pixels and light emanating from each of these sub-groups of pixels is conducted through a beam splitter grid (22) into a region (31, 32, 33, 34) which is assigned to this sub-group, from which region only the half-image reproduced by this sub-group is visible, eye positions of respectively two eyes of at least two viewers (27, 28, 29) being determined and the sub-groups of pixels, on which respectively one of the half-images is reproduced, being chosen as a function of the detected eye positions such that the eyes of each of the at least two viewers (27, 28, 29) are situated in two of the mentioned regions (31, 32, 33, 34) from which two mu

Abstract: Provided is a system for measuring milk flow at a milking installation. A first electrode and a second electrode are positioned inside a milk conduit across which a fixed voltage is applied. Milk flowing in the conduit forms a resistive element between the electrodes. Electric current in the milk between the two electrodes is detected by an ammeter, amplified by an amplifier, and then stored in a memory. A processor is configured to determine the current flow rate of milk in the conduit between the electrodes. The processor is further configured to determine the time averaged value of the amplified current over a recent time window. If the determined average is not within a predetermined range, the processor determines a gain of the amplifier that would have brought this time average into the predetermined range. The processor then resets the gain of the amplifier to the determined gain in order to bring the time average of the amplified current over subsequent time windows into the predetermined range.

Abstract: There is provided an organic light-emitting diode luminaire. The luminaire includes a patterned first electrode, a second electrode, and an electroluminescent layer therebetween. The electroluminescent layer includes: a host material capable of electroluminescence having an emission color that is blue; a first electroluminescent dopant having an emission color that is green; and a second electroluminescent dopant having an emission color that is in the red/orange region. The additive mixing of all the emitted colors results in an overall emission of white light.

Abstract: A device for power amplification of a payload of a multibeam satellite for broadcasting data, in which the circuits (10) for amplifying the data signals to be broadcast are connected to the broadcasting antennas (40, 41, 42, 43) by switches (12) and addition circuits (20, 25, 26, 27) making it possible to select a predetermined broadcasting configuration of the data signals. A satellite equipped with such an amplification device is also described.

Abstract: A forehearth (1) or working-end for glass furnace of the type including one or more modules or sections (2), each one having: —an understructure (3) in which a vat (4) is defined into which the molten glass flows; —a superstructure (5) including a cooling air duct (13) and a pair of lateral fume ducts (20), communicating with the vat area (4) into which the molten glass flows, characterised in that, next to an outlet opening (17) of the duct (13), a “Venturi block” (22) is provided, into which both the cooling air from the duct (13) and the fumes from the fume ducts (20) flow, shaped in such a way that the cooling exit air causes the fumes to be extracted from the fume ducts (20). The forehearth and the fume extraction procedure enable the thermal homogeneity of the glass to be improved while reducing the use of refractory material, the formation of cracks in the superstructure and costs.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus and a method that characterizes the hiding of coating compositions, such as automotive OEM and refinishes paints. The method is directed to sequentially storing in a computing device hiding data obtained by measuring the color difference (?RGB) in reflections of light and dark portions of target areas of a monotonic coating resulting from a coating composition applied over hiding test panel and by measuring coating thicknesses of the monotonic coating that correspond to the target areas, classifying the type of the hiding data, selecting fitting equations applicable to the classified hiding data, fitting the selected equation to match the classified hiding data and locating a hiding thickness on the monotonic coating that corresponds to the threshold value of the color difference at that location to determine the hiding thickness of the coating composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates a composition which is useful in printing by extruding a metalized fiber on a substrate. Zinc oxide is incorporated in combination with glass frit into a composition to etch the substrate and a binder polymer is used to allow extrusion of narrow fibers which also may have adequate height to provide sufficient electrical conduction. The present invention is also a process to extrude a pattern of the composition. The present invention is further directed to a solar cell formed from such composition and the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating material containing (a) first oxidic particles formed by hydrolytic condensation, in a size range of 5-20 nm, (b) second particles with a diameter in the size range of 80-300 nm, (c) a first aqueous solvent in which the source material for the oxidic particles formed by hydrolytic condensation can be dissolved and which allows or promotes the hydrolysis and condensation thereof, and (d) at least one second solvent, selected among specifically defined alcohols, ethers, organic acids, esters, ketones, amines and amic acids and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The marginal zone (MZ) and B1 subsets of B cells, which differ from conventional follicular (FO) B cells both developmentally and functionally, are involved in early responses to infectious pathogens and the production of self-reactive antibodies. A novel gene, mzb1, is expressed at high levels in MZ and B1 B cells but at low level, if at all, in FOB cells. MZB1 is involved in the regulation of proliferation, BCR-mediated signal transduction, and antibody production in B cells. Inhibitors, activators and enhancers of MZB1 expression or activity can be used as immune modulators for research and therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the qualitative and/or quantitative determination of at least one component of a chemically reducible gas mixture, an exhaust gas catalytic converter utilizing such a device, a vehicle including such a catalytic converter, a process for preparing such a device, a process for monitoring the NOx emissions of a vehicle, and the use of such a device.

Abstract: This invention refers to a process for the preparation of a 1,3-butadiene and styrene copolymer, containing a random section in its main chain, followed by a block with a structure differentiated from the main chain, homopolymeric or copolymeric, functionalized, and the product obtained from this.

Abstract: A seat swivel for providing angular adjustment of a seat to an infinite number of rotational positions with respect to a seat base. The seat swivel includes a swivel assembly having a swivel plate rotatably supported between a pair of fixed plates, the swivel plate being adapted to be affixed to the seat and the fixed plates being adapted to be affixed to a seat base. The seat swivel further includes a brake assembly having a mechanism for releasably retaining the seat in any one of the infinite number of positions when the seat is subjected to a first dynamic impact loading, the mechanism being either mechanically or electrically actuated, the mechanism being adapted to withstand a dynamic impact loading of up to about 16 g in at least one rotational position of the seat.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved polymeric resin composition comprising or consisting essentially of from about 70 wt % to about 79 wt % units derived from ethylene and from about 21 wt % to about 30 wt % units derived from an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid having from 3 to 8 carbons. Resins of the present invention are particularly suitable for preparing transparent laminates useful as glazing elements that provide a greater measure of safety than non-laminated glazing elements. Laminates of the present invention have 3% haze or less without the addition of amines.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing peroxycarboxylic acids from carboxylic acid esters. More specifically, carboxylic acid esters are reacted with an inorganic peroxide, such as hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of an enzyme catalyst having perhydrolysis activity derived from Bacillus sp. to produce peroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A flexible hose for conveying fluids or gases comprises two elastomeric layers surrounding either side of a reinforcement layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to open-pored metallic foam bodies as well as a method for manufacturing thereof. These metallic foam bodies are allowed to be advantageously used with ambient environmental conditions causing a high corrosion to many conventional materials, and accordingly reducing the lifetime thereof frequently. According to the set object, the metallic foam bodies should have a low mass simultaneously with a high specific surface, and increased corrosion resistance under chemically aggressive ambient environmental conditions. An open-pored metallic foam body according to the invention is then developed such that it is formed from a nickel-copper alloy having at least 40 percent by weight of nickel and yet a porosity of at least 90%.

Abstract: A process for the insertion of a fluorinated olefin into a fluorinated iodide in the presence of a nickel catalyst at a temperature of a maximum of 150° C. with an initial rate of 0.04 mole/hour without loss of selectivity is disclosed.