Abstract: Provided are multilayer laminates having one or more layers comprising twisted nematic liquid crystals and one or more layers of a polymeric sheet comprising a polymer with a modulus between 20,000 psi (138 MPa) and 100,000 psi (690 MPa). The twisted nematic liquid crystal layers reflect infrared radiation. Thus, the multilayer laminates are useful to reduce the transmission of infrared energy. For example, in some embodiments the multilayer laminates are useful as windows to reduce energy consumption necessary to cool the interior of a structure such as an automobile or building. Preferably, the multilayer laminates retain the beneficial properties of safety glass. The multilayer laminates may include additional layers such as infrared absorbing layers, half wave plates, and the like, to minimize the transmission of infrared energy. The multilayer laminates may also include further additional layers such as polymeric films, polymeric sheets, rigid sheets, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ?49 elongases, which have the ability to convert linoleic acid (LA; 18:2 ?-6) to eicosadienoic acid (EDA; 20:2 ?-6) and/or ?-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3 ?-3) to eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA; 20:3 ?-3). Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding ?9 elongases along with a method of making long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using these ?9 elongases in oleaginous yeast are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R9a, R9b, G, W, X, Y, and Z are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling plant disease caused by a fungal pathogen comprising applying an effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

Abstract: Processes for preparing polytrimethylene ether glycol or copolymers thereof using an acid polycondensation catalyst and ion exchange resins are provided.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a process for removing dissolved niobium, titanium, and zirconium impurities from an iron chloride solution having an iron concentration of about 50 to about 250 grams/liter comprising: (a) heating the iron chloride solution comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of a niobium compound, titanium compound, zirconium compound, and mixtures thereof, in a vessel, at a temperature of about 120° C. to about 300° C., and at least autogenous pressure, to precipitate the compound as a solid; and (b) separating the solid from the iron chloride solution. The separation of the solid is accomplished by filtration, settling, or centrifugation. In one embodiment, the iron chloride solution is a byproduct of the chlorination process for making titanium dioxide.

Abstract: A pigment dispersing resin is disclosed along with pigment dispersion, electrodepositable coating compositions using the pigment dispersing resin, and methods for applying the electrodepositable coating composition. The pigment dispersing resin consists essentially of the carboxylic acid salt of an aminated bisphenol epoxy resin and an alkoxylated styrenated phenol. Pigment dispersions made from the dispersing resin are especially useful for forming low or no volatile organic content electrocoating baths.

Abstract: A surfactant of formula 1 (Rf-A)a-Q-([B]k—R)b??Formula 1 wherein a and b are each independently 1 or 2; Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl radical having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted with at least one oxygen; R is a C1 to C20 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, or a C6 to C10 aryl; B is —(CH2CHR1O)x—, k is 0 or 1, x is 1 to about 20, A is —(CH2)m[(CHR1CH2O)]s—[(CH2)m(CH)tCHOH(CH2)m]e—, wherein each m is independently 0 to 3, s is 0 to about 30, t is 0 or 1, and e is 0 or 1, R1 is H or CH3, Q is: —OP(O)(O?M+)(O)—, —O—, —S—(CH2)m—C(O)—O—, —SO2—O— —CH2CH2O—C(O)CH2C(OH)(V)CH2C(O)O—; —(CH2CH2O)xCH2CH(OH)—(CH2CH2O)x—(CH2)m—Si[OSi(R2)3]2—, —SO2NR2—, —(CH2CH2O)zC(O)CH(SO3?M+)CH2C(O)(OCH2CH2)z— wherein z is 1 to about 15, or a bond when s is a positive integer, V is —C(O)OR3 and R3 is H, CH3 or Rf; R2 is C1 to C4 alkyl, and M+ is a Group 1 metal or an ammonium (NHxR2y)+ cation wherein x+y=4, and R2 is C1 to C4 alkyl, provided that when Q is —OP(O)(O?M+)(O)— or when Q is —(

Abstract: The invention provides a formulation for rendering surfaces fireproof by application thereon.

Abstract: Described is a process for preparing a halo-olefin comprising contacting a halogenated hydrocarbon with a metal dehalogenating agent, in a solvent, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, under conditions sufficient to dehalogenate said halogenated hydrocarbon to produce a product stream comprising said halo-olefin. In one embodiment, the halogenated hydrocarbon is trifluorotrichloroethane and the halo-olefin is chlorotrifluoroethylene.

Abstract: Under-gate field emission triode devices, and cathode assemblies for use therein, contain a charge dissipation layer. The charge dissipation layer may be located under or over the cathode electrode and/or electron field emitter.

Abstract: A non-linear element is formed on a flexible substrate by securing the substrate to a rigid carrier, forming the non-linear element, and then separating the flexible substrate from the carrier. The process allows flexible substrates to be processed in a conventional fab intended to process rigid substrates. In a second method, a transistor is formed on a insulating substrate by forming gate electrodes, depositing a dielectric layer, a semiconductor layer and a conductive layer, patterning the conductive layer to form source, drain and pixel electrodes, covering the channel region of the resultant transistor with an etch-resistant material and etching using the etch-resistant material and the conductive layer as a mask, the etching extending substantially through the semiconductor layer between adjacent transistors.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved plexifilamentary sheet material useful in protective apparel and filtration media, which material is comprised of substantially continuous polyethylene plexifilamentary fiber strands and has a Frazier Permeability, normalized to 1.0 oz/yd2 basis weight, of at least 2 cfm/ft2.

Abstract: The invention relates to electro-optic displays and methods for driving such displays. The invention provides (i) electrochromic displays with solid charge transport layers; (ii) apparatus and methods for improving the contrast and reducing the cost of electrochromic displays; (iii) apparatus and methods for sealing electrochromic displays from the outside environment and preventing ingress of contaminants into such a display; and (iv) methods for adjusting the driving of electro-optic displays to allow for environmental and operating parameters.

Abstract: Flexibly deformable holding elements operate such that substrates can be held in a fixed manner at a surface of the holding element electrostatically or also by means of negative pressure and planar positional deviations or unwanted deformations can be compensated simply and reliably, where at least one cut-out having an opening arranged at the rear side is formed at the rear side of the holding element which is disposed opposite the surface, and an actuator is arranged there exerting compressive forces or pulling forces for a widening or narrowing of the cut-out and/or for a deformation of the holding element.

Abstract: An electrical contact is applied on a semiconducting substrate, such as a solar cell. A layer of metallic powder is applied on the substrate. A laser beam is the guided over the substrate for local sintering and/or melting of the metallic powder. The non-sintered or non-melted metallic powder is then removed from the substrate.

Abstract: Candesartan cilexetil-containing granules which include a sugar alcohol and a binder and which are produced by granulation with an alcoholic granulating liquid. The granules are suitable for producing tablets in which the candesartan cilexetil is present in a form stabilized with regard to decomposition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ?8 desaturase genes, which have the ability to convert eicosadienoic acid (EDA; 20:2 ?-6) to dihomo-?-linolenic acid (DGLA; 20:3 ?-6) and/or eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA; 20:3 ?-3) to eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA; (20:3 ?-3). Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant DNA constructs comprising such fragments encoding ?8 desaturases along with a method of making long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using these ?8 desaturases in oleaginous yeast are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an adhesion-promoting agent that contains at least 1.5 isocyanate groups per molecule and at least one urea linked silane group, coating compositions containing the adhesion promoting agent and methods for adhering protected coatings to a substrate. The adhesion-promoting agent is especially useful as an additive to the crosslinking component of a two component coating composition. The coating composition is especially useful for use as a protective coating on a previously coated or uncoated substrate such as an automobile.

Abstract: A “dam and fill” method for bonding a transparent substrate to a liquid crystal display is disclosed which method provides means for effectively containing uncured/partially cured adhesive prior to bonding using the method. Also described is an associated device, made using the “dam and fill” method, which has precise targeted spacing between the transparent substrate and the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A two-element f? lens with short focal distance is used for a laser scanning unit with a polygon mirror and the two-element f? lens comprises a first lens and a second lens. The first lens is a positive power meniscus lens and the second lens is a negative power meniscus lens in the main scanning direction. The first lens has a first and a second optical surface, the second lens has a third and a fourth optical surface. Concave surfaces of the first, second and third optical surfaces are disposed on the polygon mirror side. The fourth optical surface has an inflection point in SAG counted from the optical axis to peripheral portion and its paraxial portion is convex that is disposed on the polygon mirror side. The two-element f? lens satisfies an optical condition of 0.4557?tan(?)?0.7265, wherein ? is a maximum effective window angle.