Abstract: Methods of making a metal oxide-graphene composite are disclosed. The method can include, for example, providing a composition including graphene oxide and at least one elemental metal dispersed in a liquid medium, and heating the composition in a sealed chamber at a temperature above a nominal boiling point of the liquid medium to form the metal oxide-graphene composite. Compositions useful for performing the process and composites obtained by the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for the non-hot-injection synthesis of semiconductor nanocrystals are described. For example, a multi-podal cadmium selenide nanocrystal may be produced by a method including heating a degassed mixture comprising cadmium oxide, selenium, trioctylphosphine, and a carboxylic acid in a non-coordinating solvent from about room temperature to about 210° C., where the multi-podal cadmium selenide nanocrystal may be a tetrapodal cadmium selenide nanocrystal.

Abstract: Provided herein are Raman active particles and methods for their preparation and use. The particles can include a SERS-active material that is at least partially encased within a spherical porous hollow casing. In some embodiments, this can be especially advantageous when employed for water analysis and/or being employed in combination with silica particles.

Abstract: A hot oxygen nozzle and uses thereof in a gasifier, the hot oxygen nozzle comprising an outer-ring spout, a middle-ring spout, an inner-ring spout, and a central spout all sequentially and coaxially disposed, and a cooling system; the gasifier is an entrained-flow gasifier provided with one or more nozzles on a certain plane or a plurality of planes at the top or on the periphery of the gasifier body. The nozzle has a simple structure and is easy to make and maintain. A fuel gas passage is disposed inside the nozzle. Oxygen can be heated by a combustion of fuel gas; and high-temperature and high-speed oxygen can directly ignite carbonaceous materials such as coal-water slurry and coke-oven gas. The present invention can be applied in a gasifier and then in the final process of synthesis gas preparation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of measurement and determination on fracture toughness of structural materials at high temperature, comprising: preliminary assessing the ductility of a material based on a high-temperature uniaxial tensile test and the fracture characteristic; designing and manufacturing a CT specimen; conducting a monotonic loading fracture test on the CT specimen at high temperature; modifying a load-displacement curve output by a testing machine; determining a passivation coefficient M for the crack of the structural material; reversely recursing instant load-displacement data pairs corresponding to the instant crack length; calculating a J_R crack extension resistance curve of the tensile test; examining the validity of the J_R crack extension resistance curve and the fracture toughness JIC; calculating the fracture toughness per equivalent of the structural material KIC. The present invention overcomes the difficulty of placing an extensometer inside a high-temperature furnace.

Abstract: Methods described herein generally relate to producing patterned graphene. The method may include irradiating at least one focal point on a surface of a metal substrate with a laser beam in the presence of carbon dioxide, wherein the laser beam is generated by an ultra-short pulse laser; and causing the laser beam to move relative to the surface of the metal substrate such that the at least one focal point is displaced along a pattern on the surface, thereby producing a patterned graphene. Apparatuses for producing patterned graphene are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods described herein generally relate to preparing graphene. The method may include contacting at least one elemental metal with a composition having graphene oxide under conditions sufficient to reduce at least a portion of the graphene oxide to graphene. Systems and kits for preparing graphene are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a digital mechanical measurement last, which specifically comprises a last, a three-dimensional strain gauge load cell, a signal amplifier, a data acquisition card, data acquisition system software, and a data line.

Abstract: Methods described herein generally relate to producing carbon aerogel. The method may include providing a carbon-containing polymeric material, and contacting the carbon-containing polymeric material with light, heat or both to produce the carbon aerogel. Systems and kits for producing carbon aerogel are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides photoluminescent compounds, reactive intermediates used to synthesize photoluminescent compounds, and methods of synthesizing and using photoluminescent compounds, among others. The compounds comprise phenanthrene and dipyridylamine moieties. The compounds are colored and fluoresce upon excitation. Methods are included for using the compounds to detect metal ions by spectral changes of wavelength shift or a change in fluorescence intensity. Compositions in polymers and solvents are provided for use as a film, paint, reflective surfaces, and electroluminescent devices are provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing one or more alkanes from biomass by hydrodeoxygenation are disclosed. Biomass may be converted to one or more alkanes by heating the biomass with a catalyst mixture that includes a noble metal and at least one of a transition metal and derivative thereof. The catalyst mixture may further include a solid acid. Heating may be performed at a single temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for olefin polymerization, a preparation method and use thereof. The catalyst comprises a porous carrier A, a magnesium-containing carrier B, and a supported active component containing a transitional metal of titanium. The catalyst is a highly efficient Ziegler-Natta titanium-based catalyst having a composite support formed by a magnesium compound and a silicon compound, wherein the raw material for the magnesium compound may be any soluble magnesium salt. The supported catalyst may be used for preparing olefin homopolymers or olefin copolymers. According to the present invention, the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution of the olefin homopolymer or olefin copolymer as well as the contents and distribution of the comonomers may be adjusted conveniently by means of changing the factors such as types and amounts of organometallic co-catalyst and molecular weight regulator.

Abstract: A polyester/glyoxalated polyvinyl alcohol semi-interpenetrating polymer network hot-melt adhesive and preparation method therefore, mainly includes the steps of: 1) transesterification of certain amounts of dimethyl terephthalate and another dibasic ester with 1,4-butanediol and other diols in the presence of an organotin catalyst under a nitrogen atmosphere in a reactor, completed upon the amount of distillation of a monohydric alcohol byproduct reaching greater than 95% of the theoretical amount; 2) after the temperature is maintained for a period of time, adding in a stabilizer and a polycondensation catalyst and incrementally increasing the temperature to trigger a polycondensation reaction under a reduced pressure to produce particles of a copolymer, and freezing and pulverizing the copolymer particles to produce a powder of a copolyester; 3) uniformly blending a polyvinyl alcohol/glyoxal mixture with the powder produced in step 2) at ambient temperature to produce the target product.

Abstract: Provided is an optically controlled gene expression system of prokaryotic bacterium, comprising: a) a photosensitive recombinant transcription factor encoding gene, the photosensitive recombinant transcription factor is one fusion protein comprising a first polypeptide as the DNA bonding domain and a second polypeptide as the photosensitive domain; b) a target transcription unit comprising promoter or promoter-reaction element or reaction element-promoter containing at least one reaction element recognized/bound by the first polypeptide and the nucleic acid sequence to be transcribed. Also provided is a prokaryotic expression vector comprising said optically controlled gene expression system, and a method for regulating gene expression in a prokaryotic host cell by using the optically controlled gene expression system. Also provided is a reagent kit containing different components of the optically controlled gene expression system.

Abstract: Methods of forming a liquid crystal blue phase from composite materials having a chiral nematic liquid crystal host and a bent-shape molecule are described. The stable temperature range of the liquid crystal blue phase may be improved by controlling the thickness of the composite materials. For example, a given composition may have a maximum stable temperature range for the liquid crystal blue phase at about 1 ?m.

Abstract: A method of preparing a polyester/polyolefin hot-melt adhesive for use in a solar cell bus bar is disclosed, in which 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol are first sequentially subjected in a predetermined ratio to esterification and polycondensation in the presence of a certain amount of a titanium-based catalyst to result in a polyethylene naphthalate (PNT) with a weight-average molecular weight of 16,000˜20,000. The PNT is then melt-blended with a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in the presence of a compatibilizer to produce the hot-melt adhesive that can be shaped into films having a high light transmittance, good mechanical properties, high heat and yellowing resistance and thus particularly suitable for use in solar cell bus bars.

Abstract: Provided is a method of eliminating the dependence of methanol induced promoter on a single methanol carbon source for expressing foreign polypeptide. The method comprises activating the expression of the promoter requiring methanol induction by increasing the expression quantity of Mit1 polypeptide in cells of methylotrophic yeast, so that the promoter originally depending on methanol induction no longer depends on single methanol and can also express foreign polypeptide.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a high-temperature-resistant metal-packaged fiber Bragg grating sensor includes using a regenerated fiber Bragg grating obtained via high-temperature annealing as a sensitive element so that the grating will not be erased when used at high temperature. The method also includes using a magnetron sputtering method which makes an optical fiber and metal combine better to form on the surface of the optical fiber an adhesive layer and a conductive layer, thereby causing little damage to optical fiber because of the absence of the processes of coarsening, sensitization, etc. of electroless plating and the fact that the method is performed in an anhydrous environment. After magnetron sputtering, the method includes using an electroplating method to thicken and deposit a protective layer, and embedding the optical fiber in a flexible-structure metallic substrate through the electroplating method to achieve the all-metal package.

Abstract: A photocatalytic composition is disclosed that includes a silver halide in combination with one or more rare earth elements. The composition may be used for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a supported hybrid vanadium-chromium-based catalyst, characterized in the catalyst is supported on a porous inorganic carrier and a V active site and a inorganic Cr active site are present on the porous inorganic carrier at the same time. The present invention further relates to a process for producing a supported hybrid vanadium-chromium-based catalyst. The invention also provides the preparation method of the catalyst, titanium or fluorine to compounds, vanadium salt and chromium salt according to the proportion, different methods of sequence and load on the inorganic carrier, after high temperature roasting, still can further add organic metal catalyst promoter prereduction activation treatment on it. The catalyst of the present invention can be used for producing ethylene homopolymers and ethylene/?-olefin copolymers.