Abstract: A device for generating a secondary source from a primary optical source emitting a first optical beam focused onto a surface in movement, with which said first beam interacts so as to generate a secondary beam, includes an optical device for controlling the orientation and position of said surface to determine the orientation and position of the emission point of said secondary source on said surface. The device comprises: a control laser beam split into two branches, a fixed reference beam and a mobile analysis beam reflected by the surface in movement; means for making said reference and analysis beams interfere to generate interference fringes; means for imaging the interference fringes carrying information about the orientation and position of said surface; means for analyzing said interference images; and means for generating a feedback loop for controlling the orientation and position of said surface in movement based on the analysis.

Abstract: Fabricating semiconductor nanowires (5) on a substrate (1) having a metallic oxide layer (2), includes: a) exposing the metallic oxide layer to a hydrogen plasma (11) of power P for a duration t suitable for reducing the layer and for forming metallic nanodrops (3) of radius (Rm) on the surface of the metallic oxide layer; b) low temperature plasma-assisted deposition of a thin layer (4) of a semiconductor material on the metallic oxide layer including the metallic nanodrops, the thin layer having a thickness (Ha) suitable for covering the metallic nanodrops; and c) thermal annealing at a temperature T sufficient to activate lateral growth of nanowires by catalysis of the material deposited as a thin layer from the metallic nanodrops. Nanowires are obtained by this method and nanometric transistors including a semiconductor nanowire.

Abstract: A method of forming an optoelectronic device comprising growing a first multi-layer 2 representing a reflector on a first substrate and a second multilayer 4 representing an active region on a second substrate, the first and second substrates being lattice mismatched, fusing the first multi-layer 2 to a third substrate 3, wherein the material of the third substrate 3 is lattice matched with respect to the material of the second multi-layer 4, removing the first substrate to expose the first multi-layer 2, and fusing the first multi-layer to the second multi-layer 4.

Abstract: A logic gate with three inputs A, B, and C, and one output implementing a function MAJ(A,B,C)=A*B+B*C+A*C comprising two mutually exclusive transmission gates (TGs) connected in series, based on two parallel double-gate controllable polarity devices, a polarity of each being controlled by input A and a conduction being controlled by input B, or vice-versa, in opposite polarities, and that route either an input A or C from one side of the transmission gates to the output.

Abstract: In bus communications methods and apparatus, a first set of physical signals representing the information to be conveyed over the bus is provided, and mapped to a codeword of a sparse signaling code, wherein a codeword is representable as a vector of a plurality of components, some of which are quiescent components and some of which are non-quiescent components, wherein the number of quiescent components and non-quiescent components meet a sparseness requirement.

Abstract: A plasma excitation device is described for use in depositing a film on a substrate from a plasma formed by distributed electron cyclotron resonance. The device comprises a microwave antenna having an end from which microwaves are emitted, a magnet disposed in the region of the said antenna end and defining therewith an electron cyclotron resonance region in which a plasma can be generated, and a gas entry element having an outlet for a film precursor gas or a plasma gas. The outlet is arranged to direct gas towards a film deposition area situated beyond the magnet, as considered from the microwave antenna.

Abstract: A system and method for local multiplayer gaming are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a system comprises a plurality of mobile client devices including a mobile client device designated as a server device. Each mobile client device comprises a display, at least one local network interface for communication with said server device and a processor. The processor is programmed for playing a multiplayer game with other mobile client devices and rendering on said display a game situation depending on commands sent by a plurality of mobile client devices to said server device over said at least local network interface. At least one of said mobile client devices is configured for overhearing commands sent by at least one other mobile client device to said server device or another mobile client device and for rendering on its display a game situation depending on said overheard command.

Abstract: A method for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of a sample involves excitation of long lived coherences (LLC) between the singlet state S0 and the central triplet state T0 of nuclei of the sample by initiating irradiation of the sample with an rf-field with carrier frequency ?rf; sustaining of the LLC by maintaining the rf-irradiation during an interval ?2; converting the LLC temporarily into observable magnetization by interrupting the rf-irradiation during an observation interval ?3; detecting NMR-signals during the observation interval ?3 and reconversion of the observable magnetization back into LLC after the observation interval ?3. These steps are repeated n times, wherein n is a positive integer. The method allows ultra high-resolution spectra of long-lived coherences to be obtained.

Abstract: In bus communications methods and apparatus, a first set of physical signals representing the information to be conveyed over the bus is provided, and mapped to a codeword of a spherical code, wherein a codeword is representable as a vector of a plurality of components and the bus uses at least as many signal lines as components of the vector that are used, mapping the codeword to a second set of physical signals, wherein components of the second set of physical signals can have values from a set of component values having at least three distinct values for at least one component, and providing the second set of physical signals for transmission over the data bus in a physical form.

Abstract: Method of detecting anomalous behavior in a computer network comprising the steps of—monitoring network traffic flowing in a computer network system,—authenticating users to which network packets of the network traffic are associated,—extracting parameters associated to the network packets for each user, said parameters including at least the type (T) of network services,—forming symbols based on a combination of one or more of said parameters, and—modeling and analyzing individual user behavior based on sequences of occurrence of said symbols (S).

Abstract: Computerized systems and methods are provided for locating at least one object within a predefined cell or location. In accordance with one implementation, a location system is provided which comprises at least first and second receivers and first and second transmitters, respectively, including first and second internal clocks, the receivers and the transmitters, respectively, having known locations. The location system further includes a transmitter and a receiver, respectively, worn or carried by the object and designed to communicate by signal exchanges with the receivers and the transmitters, respectively. The location system further includes electronic circuits designed to compute position related information of the object based on the signal exchanges.

Abstract: The system comprises at least three anchors (2,2?,2?) intended to be attached to the patient and equipped with markers (5,5?,5?), an insertion guide device (6) with an insertion guide (7) intended to be attached to said anchors (2,2?,2?), an external calibration device (8) with at least three calibration markers (10,10?,10?) corresponding to said markers (5,5?,5?) and a planning and imaging software. The planning and imaging software is used to determine the position of a target point in the patient with respect to the markers (5,5?,5?), the calibration device is used to calibrate and orient the insertion guide (7) of the insertion guide device (6) mounted on said calibration markers (10,10?,10?) using the determination of the software before the insertion guide device is mounted on said markers (5,5?,5?) attached to the patient.

Abstract: A method suitable for preparing a specimen for inspection, the method comprising the steps of: irradiating a photocathode so that the photocathode emits electrons from a surface of the photocathode, wherein the emitted electrons each follow a trajectory, and the trajectories of the electrons are such that they can be extrapolated to intersect at a region within the photocathode, the region defining a virtual source, and wherein the photocathode comprises a rounded tip which has a radius of curvature; configuring the emitted electrons so that they form an electron beam; focusing the electron beam onto a specimen to form an image of the virtual source on the specimen. There is further provided a corresponding electron beam apparatus.

Abstract: Trajectories of objects are estimated by determining the optimal solution(s) of a tracking model on the basis of an occupancy probability distribution. The occupancy probability distribution is the probability of presence of objects over a set of discrete points in the spatio-temporal space at a number of time steps. The tracking model is defined by the set of discrete points, a virtual source location and a virtual sink location, wherein objects in the tracking model are creatable in the virtual source location and are removable in the virtual sink location.

Abstract: The present invention enables creating authenticable continuous tone color multi-ink multi-halftone images offering means of verifying their authenticity. The invention relies on color halftones, color separation into different ink surface coverages for different halftoning methods, mapping of an input gamut into a gamut defined by a set of inks, calculating the optimal boundary between region halftones created with different halftoning methods, and color multi-halftone image generation. The basic authentication is performed by examining the color multi-halftone image under a reference illumination and verifying that the message incorporated within the color multi-halftone is hidden and revealed under a different illumination. Authentication can further be performed by observing the color multi-halftone image both in reflection and transmission modes and verifying that in one of these modes the message is hidden and that in the other mode the message is revealed.

Abstract: A system and method for cooperative data streaming are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a system for cooperative data streaming comprises a group of devices comprising at least two devices, which are interested in obtaining the same content from the same server. Each device comprises one or more primary network interfaces connecting the device to the data streaming service and one or more secondary network interfaces connecting the device to one or more of the other devices through one or more wireless local networks. The primary network interfaces are configured for connecting the devices to the data streaming service for receiving at least segments of data. The secondary network interfaces are configured for mutually connecting said devices in order to locally exchange said received segments of data.

Abstract: A system for homogenizing a laser pulse emitted by a laser source in order to illuminate a target homogeneously, the system having, between the laser source and the target: a phase plate constituted by a plurality of subpupils capable of generating a plurality of delayed laser beams towards the target, the path difference ?d between two adjacent delayed laser beams being greater than or equal to the length of the temporal coherence Tc of the laser pulse, and focusing device; wherein the subpupils and the focusing device are adjusted so that the delayed laser beams are superimposed on the target in a homogeneous spot.

Abstract: This invention describes a novel electronic device consisting of one—or more—vertically stacked gate-all-around silicon nanowire field effect transistor (SNWFET) with two independent gate electrodes. One of the two gate electrodes, acting on the central section of the transistor channel, controls on/off behavior of the channel. The second gate, acting on the regions in proximity to the source and the drain of the transistor, defines the polarity of the devices, i.e. p or n type. The electric field of the second gate acts either at the interface of the nanowire-to-source/drain region or anywhere in close proximity to the depleted region of the SiNW body, modulating the bending of the Schottky barriers at the contacts, eventually screening one type of charge carrier to pass through the channel of the transistor. This is achieved by controlling the majority carriers passing through the transistor channel by regulating the Schottky barrier thicknesses at the source and drain contacts.

Abstract: The invention substantially relates to an imaging system for the chemical, biological or biochemical analysis of a sample (10), comprising a device (40) for holding the sample (10), a device (20) for optical detection, a lighting device (30), liable to emit a monochromatic light beam, and a wide aperture objective (f1), It is substantially characterized in that the objective (f1) is configured for, downstream of the sample (10): focusing the excitation light beam reflected at a point (C) located in the focal plane (FF) of said objective (f1), and transforming the retransmitted or scattered light beam into a quasi-parallel beam, and in that the system further comprises a device (70) for selectively blocking the collected light beam by said objective (f1).

Abstract: Cell culture environment monitoring system (6) for monitoring parameters relevant to cell growth in at least one culture dish (4) containing a cell growth medium (14), including at least one sensing device (22, 22?) configured to measure environmental parameters relevant to cell growth, and a tray (24) supporting said at least one culture dish. The sensing device is configured for mounting inside said culture dish at least partially within said cell growth medium, and comprises an RFID transponder (34). The tray (24) comprises an RFID base station (44) configured to interrogate the RFID transponder to obtain measurements of said parameters relevant to cell growth.