Abstract: A winding structure adapted for a transformer and a winding are provided. The winding structure comprises a first conductive disk, a second conductive disk, a connecting part, and an insulation disk which is disposed between the first conductive disk and the second conductive disk. The first conductive disk has a first open circular portion and a first connection hole, the second conductive disk has a second open circular portion and a second connection hole and the isolation disk has a third connection hole. The first conductive disk, the second conductive disk and the insulation disk are combined by the connecting part through the first connection hole, the second connection hole and the third connection hole, and the first conductive disk is electrically connected with the second conductive disk therefore.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of driving a plasma display panel and apparatus thereof enabling to minimize power consumption for driving the plasma display panel. 1. The present invention includes the steps of generating a reset discharge by supplying ramp waves so as to equalize cells in the plasma display panel in a reset period, supplying selected specific ones of the cells with a scan voltage pulse swinging between a lowest voltage levels of the reset discharge and a data pulse of a voltage level lowered as much as a negative voltage level of the scan voltage pulse, generating an address discharge by the scan voltage pulse and data pulse applied to the selected cells in an address period, and maintaining the address discharge for a sustain period.

Abstract: A method of fabricating semiconductor devices, such as GaN LEDs, on insulating substrates, such as sapphire. Semiconductor layers are produced on the insulating substrate using normal semiconductor processing techniques. Trenches that define the boundaries of the individual devices are then formed through the semiconductor layers and into the insulating substrate, beneficially by using inductive coupled plasma reactive ion etching. The trenches are then filled with an easily removed layer. A metal support structure is then formed on the semiconductor layers (such as by plating or by deposition) and the insulating substrate is removed. Electrical contacts, a passivation layer, and metallic pads are then added to the individual devices, and the individual devices are then diced out.

Abstract: Handover execution and communication resumption in a wireless access system is provided. Performing a handover includes communicating with a serving base station through a first communication link and receiving from the serving base station, handover information associated with at least one candidate target base station. The method also includes transmitting handover indicator to the serving base station indicating a handover operation to a selected target base station and performing a ranging procedure with the selected target base station to establish a second communication link with the selected target base station while maintaining the first communication link with the serving base station. The method also includes being released from the serving base station in response to a handover complete status message from the selected target base station to the serving base station, or resuming normal communication with the serving base station if the handover fails with the selected target base station.

Abstract: A host includes a controller configured to receive service information (SI) and retrieve defined channel map (DCM) information and virtual channel map (VCM) information from the SI information. The controller further configured to resolve inconsistencies between the DCM information and the VCM information, and create a resulting channel map that reflects the resolution of the inconsistencies between the DCM information and the VCM information.

Abstract: A surface processing method includes supporting a wafer in a vacuum chamber and generating a plasma in a confined portion of the chamber over only a selected portion of the wafer to thereby perform a surface processing treatment (e.g., an ashing process) on the selected portion of the wafer. While the plasma is being generated, the wafer and the confined portion of the chamber are displaced with respect to one another to thereby perform the surface processing treatment on a second selected portion of the wafer.

Abstract: Embodiments of a portable computer, a woofer speaker mounting structure for a portable computer and methods thereof can reduce transmission of vibrations from speaker to remaining portions of the portable computers. A woofer speaker mounting structure for a portable computer can include a case, a woofer speaker for producing bass sound positioned on the case and formed with support pieces, dampers for absorbing vibration from the woofer speaker can fit into the support pieces and can be coupled to the case. The damper can include a damper body made of an elastic material and through which a central hole is bored and shock-absorbing portions. Due to the structural and material properties of the damper, vibrations are also absorbed. Therefore, the operational characteristics of a portable computer are improved.

Abstract: Provided are a dishwasher and a method of supplying water in the dishwasher. The dishwasher includes a tub enclosing a washing chamber, a sump holding washing water to be supplied to the tub, and an air brake assembly having a steam generating unit that heats the washing water to be supplied to the tub.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus of a plasma display panel and a method for stabilizing the PDP to minimize the residual image on the display are disclosed. In particular, the present invention minimizes the residual image that is generated due to the degeneration of phosphors caused by a high voltage and a high temperature.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal wirelessly coupled to at least one mobile communication network comprising a memory for storing user payment information; a first modem for communicating over a first mobile communication network to provide the user payment information to the memory; a second modem for a communicating over a second mobile communication network to read the user payment information from the memory, when performing an electronic transaction over the second mobile communication network; and a transmitter for transmitting the user payment information in a wireless data format, wherein power applied to the first modem is changed from a first state to a second state after providing the user payment information to the memory.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for controlling a washing machine for shortening a washing time period and extending lifetimes of components of the washing machine. For this, the present invention provides a method for controlling a washing machine including the steps of sensing a laundry amount, repeatedly supplying washing water to a tub of the washing machine with reference to the laundry amount sensed thus, and circulating the washing water for a predetermined time period for wetting the laundry, wherein the step of circulating is performed only once.

Abstract: A radio receiver having a plurality of features programmable by a user, the data relating to the programmable features defining a set-up configuration. The radio receiver includes a housing and an auxiliary memory disposed within the housing which stores a plurality of set-up configurations. A working memory is also disposed within the housing and is configured to store the set-up configuration in use by the radio receiver.

Abstract: A plasma display for causing a stable discharge at all lines and eliminating a side abnormal discharge is disclosed. In the plasma display, a width of at least one of electrodes at a first scan line selected firstly of scan lines is different from a width of electrodes provided at other scan lines excluding the first scan line.

Abstract: A dust collecting unit of a vacuum cleaner has a dust collecting body including a first dust separating unit for separating dust from air and a first dust storing unit for storing the separated dust. A cover member is coupled to the dust collecting body and a second dust separating unit for further separating dust from the air is formed in the cover member. A second dust storing unit for storing dust separated by the second dust separating unit is formed in the dust collecting body. A dust passage for guiding the dust separated by the second dust separating unit to the second dust storing unit is also provided on the dust collecting body.

Abstract: Session invitation method and system in a PTx communication system are disclosed. For session invitation, an inviting terminal adds first media information corresponding to session information in an invitation message and transmits it or transmits it through an RTP. Then, the first media information received by an invited terminal is checked and an invitee determines whether to accept the invitation before joining the session. When the invitation is rejected, the invited terminal adds second media information corresponding to a reason for rejection in a reject message and transmits it, or transmits it through the RTP.

Abstract: A flash memory system includes flash memory organized into a plurality of blocks of pages for storage of information, a page including data and spare, the blocks being identifiable, within the flash memory, by a physical address. The system further has a flash controller for communicating with a host and the flash memory and includes volatile memory for storing a source-shadow table of logical addresses identifying blocks addressable by the physical addresses. The source-shadow table has an address mapping table and a property value table. The property value table is used to store property values, each of which is associated with a block of a predetermined group of blocks and is indicative of the number of times a block has been written since the last erase operation performed thereon.

Abstract: Provided is a plasma display apparatus and a method of driving the same. The plasma display apparatus includes a scan driver. The scan driver supplies a first driving signal to the scan electrode in a first subfield during a first reset period, a first address period, and a first sustain period. The scan driver supplies a second driving signal to the scan electrode, during a second reset period having a different time duration from the first reset period, a second address period having a different time duration from the first address period, and a second sustain period having a different time duration from the first sustain period. At least one of the dielectric layer or the protective layer includes 1000 PPM (parts per million) or less of lead(Pb).

Abstract: A multi-level transform generates descriptions containing compressed data that represents source data using a description generation operation and variable support filters for compaction at each level. The initial level filters the source data and each subsequent level operates on data filtered by a prior level. The description assignment and filtering at each level may vary to create different operating points for the multi-level transform. Each operating point may have a corresponding error recovery process. In one aspect, an error recovery process encodes additional descriptions that are combined with non-erroneous description data to provide error recovery of the data in missing or damaged descriptions. In another aspect, a multi-level transform is created by combining description generation and variable support filters at the various levels.

Abstract: An extended universal serial bus (USB) storage device is described herein. According to one embodiment, an extended USB storage device includes a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) having a flash memory device and a flash controller mounted thereon, and an extended USB connector plug coupled to the PCBA for providing a USB compatible interface between an external device and the flash memory device and the flash controller, wherein the extended USB connector plug includes a first end used to couple to the external device and a second end coupled to the flash memory device and the flash controller. In one embodiment, a front piece (1701) includes a metal case (1706) for shielding and a tongue (1709) with contact pins (1781, 1782) and a rear piece (1702) includes a tip portion (1713) with contacts (1783). When the rear tip portion (1713) is inserted into the front piece the contact pins (1783) engage the contact pins (1781, 1782).