Abstract: A method of validating communications between a transmitting component and a receiving component of a paging system is disclosed. The transmitting component prepares an application protocol data unit (APDU) for transmission by selecting predetermined portions of the APDU for hashing. A hash code is output by the hash method and included in the APDU. The receiving component retrieves the same predetermined portions of the APDU for hashing. The receiving component then compares the hash code in the APDU with the hash code the receiving component calculated. If there is a match, then the APDU is accepted as authentic. If there is not a match, then the APDU is rejected.

Abstract: The timing of control signals in a parallel port is measured and adjusted to achieve optimum timing of these control signals. At boot-up, a routine writes alternating data to the control register of the parallel port. The control register drives control signal over a parallel-port cable to an external parallel-port device connected to the parallel port of a personal computer (PC). Transitions of the control signal trigger an external timer in the external parallel-port device which measures the pulse width of the control signal. The measured pulse width is sent back to the PC over the parallel cable and compared to a target pulse width. When the measured pulse width is less than the target, additional intervening instructions are inserted between writes to the parallel-port control register. The intervening instructions are a simple delay loop. Alternately the internal timer on the PC may be used. Since the accuracy is less for the internal timer, many IO writes are performed to average out errors.

Abstract: A printed circuit board (PCB) having an epoxy barrier disposed around its throughout slot in a semiconductor chip mounting region, and a BGA semiconductor package using such a PCB, thereby exhibiting a high moisture discharge characteristic. The epoxy barrier includes a copper layer and a solder resist layer both disposed around the throughout slot and is defined by a groove which is disposed around the throughout slot while spacing apart from the periphery of the throughout slot by a desired distance. Alternatively, the epoxy barrier includes a solder resist layer formed to a desired width around the throughout slot on the uppermost layer laminated on the PCB. By virtue of the epoxy barrier, the throughout slot is not closed by epoxy resin coated over the PCB. As a result, it is possible to externally discharge moisture which expands in the PCB upon carrying out a series of processes for the fabrication of the package at a high temperature or mounting the package on a mother board.

Abstract: A thin film transistor for incorporation into an active-matrix liquid crystal display includes an active layer provided on a substrate. An electrode insulating layer is formed on the active layer, and a gate electrode including first and second gate layers is provided on the electrode insulating layer. The second gate layer overlies the first gate layer and has a width greater than the first gate layer. LDD regions, self-aligned with the second gate layer are provided in the active layer adjacent source and drain regions. The active layer further including a channel region located under the first gate layer and offset regions located under portions of the second gate layer extending beyond the first gate layer at opposite sides of the channel region.

Abstract: An alarm guard for use with an alarm signaling device that is installed to meet Underwriter laboratories (UL) 1971 requirements and that includes a chassis mountable to a surface and a visual signaling element mounted on an outer face of the chassis and extending therefrom to be activated to indicate a hazardous condition. The alarm guard includes a mesh chassis guard enclosing at least four sides of the chassis and a visual indicator guard including a plurality of guard elements mounted to the chassis guard adjacent the visual signaling element. The guard elements may be comprised of straight and curved segments and extend from the outer face of the chassis and are spaced apart along the vertical and horizontal faces of the visual signaling element to provide vertical and horizontal openings sufficient to provide a required emitted light pattern in each plane of light emission.

Abstract: A refrigerant circulation apparatus utilizing two evaporators operating at respectively different evaporating temperatures which is capable of efficient refrigerant circulation by performing a heat exchange by contact between a refrigerant pipe guiding refrigerant discharged from a condenser to an evaporator and a refrigerant pipe guiding refrigerant discharged from the evaporator to a compressor in order to enhance the refrigerating ability when an evaporator is operated at a high evaporating temperature and pressure, includes a compressor, a condenser, a plurality of evaporators operating at different respective evaporating temperatures, a first plurality of refrigerant pipes for guiding the refrigerant discharged from the condenser to the plurality of evaporators, and a second plurality of refrigerant pipes predetermined portions of which are in heat exchanging contact with the first plurality of refrigerant pipes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device (LCD) is provided which includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of signal lines arranged perpendicular to each other. A common line is formed on the periphery of a display portion of the LCD, and a static electricity preventing device having a first floating gate structure is connected between the gate line and common line, and second floating gate structure is connected between the signal line and common line.

Abstract: A more rapid charging of an integrating capacitor of a PLL is provided when large frequency changes are desired. In one embodiment, the phase locked loop (PLL) circuit sinks or sources current to charge or discharge the integrating capacitor. A threshold voltage proportional to a current through the capacitor turns on a circuit which sinks or sources more current of the proper polarity to the integrating capacitor from an external source until a PLL lock is achieved. Once the lock is achieved, if a small correction current is required by the PLL, the small correction current is below a threshold required to actuate the augmenting circuit, and the PLL loop behaves in the usual manner as if the augmenting circuit were not present. In another embodiment, the integrating capacitor is reduced in value by switchably connecting a second capacitor in series with the integrating capacitor so that the total reduced capacitance of reduced value can be charged more quickly.

Abstract: A setting apparatus of an antenna for satellite broadcasting in a satellite broadcasting system includes a receiving device coated with a fluorescent material whose color varies depending on a level of a voltage applied thereto, for receiving a satellite broadcast signal; and a controlling unit coupled to the receiving device for applying a driving power source to the fluorescent material of the receiving device, depending on a level of the satellite broadcast signal received in the receiving device.

Abstract: An in-line electron gun for a color cathode ray tube is disclosed including a main focusing electrode and an accelerating electrode common for electron beams and having an elliptical aperture. An auxiliary electrode disposed within each of the main focusing electrode and accelerating electrode and being retreated from rims of the main focusing electrode and accelerating electrode, respectively. In addition, a shield cup is installed adjacent to the accelerating electrode, the shield cup having an aperture that is horizontally longer than vertically.

Abstract: An antenna orientation device which includes a base, an antenna structure with a first bearing surface, and a support for positioning the structure in relation to the base. The support includes a body coupled to the base and having a stem. The support also includes a resilient non-metallic bearing member carried on the stem which has a second bearing surface. The support also includes a fastener connected to the body for clamping the first and second bearing surfaces in rotary bearing relation. The bearing member is elastically deformed to provide retaining force sufficient to hold the structure against earth's gravitational pull in any one of a range of rotational positions about a substantially non-vertical axis. Each position within the range is selectable by rotating the structure by hand. This support can provide a rotational range of at least 45 degrees. The fastener may be configured as an adjustable screw to provide a way to vary retaining force.

Abstract: A torque sensor is provided for measuring the amount of torque being applied to a rotatable shaft fitted with a torsion bar between two separate shaft segments. The sensor includes first rotor attached to a first shaft segment such that angular rotation of the first segment is translated to the rotor. A second rotor is attached to the second shaft segment such that angular rotation the second shaft segment is translated to the second rotor. The first rotor supplies two pairs of signal voltage references circumferentially spaced around a surface of the first rotor. At least one resistive track having a uniform linear resistance extends between the voltage signal references of each pair. A pair of contact carriers are positioned between the first and second rotors. Surface features formed in the contact carriers and the first rotor couple the contact carriers to the first rotor such that the contact carriers are constrained to move anullarly around the central axis of rotation of the first rotor.

Abstract: A current transformer for monitoring a current in a conductor. The current transformer comprises a winding assembly that includes a resistive load. The transformer further comprises a compensation circuit that has an impedance selected to reduce output signal overshoot across the output terminals of the current transformer caused by the intrinsic inductance of the resistive load. The transformer also comprises a small gauge semi-rigid coaxial cable to reduce a loop pickup area formed by the conductive paths that connect the winding assembly terminals of the winding assembly and the output terminals of the current transformer. This results in output signal overshoot across the output terminals being further reduced. Additionally, the transformer comprises a transformer shield that encloses the winding assembly and has end portions that do not contact each other to define a gap that prevents the transformer shield from acting as a shorted turn.

Abstract: A one-chip local area network (LAN) device comprises more than one local area network interface ports each including one receiver (11-14), one transmitter (15-18) and one triplet processor (25-28), a high-speed data bus (24) to which individual ones of the plurality of local area network interface ports are connected, and a switch engine (34) connected to the high-speed data bus (24) and including a packet buffer controller (40), a high-speed data bus controller (42) and content-addressable memory manager (44). Each triplet processor (25-28), provides for the reading of a destination address in packets received from a corresponding one of the local area network interface ports and simultaneously provides for the cut-through transmission of packets received from other ones of the local area network interface ports that transfer the packets over the high-speed data bus (24).

Abstract: A printing head structure of calculator, including a belt type printing head the outer periphery of which is disposed with at least one group of fine characters and at least one group of coarse characters. The fine characters have the same symbols and numerals as the coarse ones, while having different thicknesses and letterforms. By means of a printing control program of the calculator, the printing head is able to print out a positive or negative result respectively by fine characters or coarse characters so as to apparently visually distinguish the positive result from the negative one and thus achieve a reliably reminding effect.

Abstract: A driving apparatus for a liquid crystal display is disclosed including a liquid crystal display panel for displaying an image signal, a scan line driver for driving pixels of the liquid crystal display panel in units of lines, a signal line driver for applying image data to the pixels of the liquid crystal display panel, a video signal processor for processing an externally input composite video signal, a common electrode correcting circuit for gain-controlling an integration value of one period of the video signal output from the video signal processor to thereby output a common electrode correcting signal, and a common electrode driving circuit for applying the output signal of the common electrode correcting circuit to common electrodes of the respective pixels of the liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-cyanide brass plating bath composition containing copper, zinc, metal polyphosphate, and orthophosphate, with the proviso that the composition does not contain cyanide. The present invention also provides a method of making metallic foil having a brass layer including the steps of providing a metallic foil; contacting the metallic foil with a non-cyanide brass plating bath containing copper, zinc, metal polyphosphate, and orthophosphate, with the proviso that the brass plating bath does not contain cyanide; applying a current to the brass plating bath; and recovering the metallic foil having a brass layer.

Abstract: An antenna assembly according to the present invention has a rod antenna movable between a retracted position and an extended position, a helical antenna having a plurality of helical portions which are electrically separated from one another. The rod antenna extends through the inside of the helical antenna when the rod antenna is in the extended position and the rod antenna is removed from the inside of the helical antenna when the rod antenna is in the retracted position. The antenna assembly also includes connecting metal piece for electrically connecting the plurality of helical portions when the rod antenna is in the retracted position so that the plurality of helical portions become operable as a single helical antenna.

Abstract: In the method and apparatus of the present invention, an editing system and method is provides that is sophisticated in features but easy to use. In one embodiment, the system includes multiple input sources, such as tape and live sources, at least one output recording device, at least one monitor, and a editing controller, such as a general purpose computer, which controls the input and output device. The controller further provides an innovative graphical user interface that intersperses video from the input devices along with control functions which the user can select using a mouse, keyboard or other input device.