Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for checking the straightness of elevator guide rails and straightening deflections of the rails, and an apparatus for implementing the procedure. The elevator guide rails are inspected by means of a measuring apparatus movable along the rail, which apparatus includes two guides adapted to lean against the rail in longitudinally spaced relation to each other, by measuring the distance separating the measuring apparatus and guide rail. This distance measurement is taken, using the measuring device, at a point between the guides. The measured deflections are straightened, and the straightened areas are then checked, again by means of the measuring apparatus, to verify the results.

Abstract: Procedure for regulating the stator flux and torque of an asynchronous motor by vector control in an imaginary space vector coordinate system, in which procedure the absolute value (.vertline..PSI..sub.s .vertline.) of the stator flux and the torque (M) are determined in said coordinate system, and in which procedure the calculation coordinates are in such a position that the rotor flux (.PSI..sub.r) is at least close to the real axis. In the procedure of the invention, the absolute value of the stator flux (.vertline..PSI..sub.s .vertline.) is regulated by means of the real part (u.sub.sr) of the stator voltage and the torque (M) by means of the stator frequency (f.sub.s). The calculation coordinates are held in said position by adjusting the imaginary part (u.sub.si) of the stator voltage.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for the measurement of the currents in a frequency converter, provides that the phase currents of the frequency converter are measured by storing, in memory, signals corresponding to the current of the d.c. circuit of the converter and by producing a current value corresponding to the phase current from the previous and the momentary signals.

Abstract: A safety gear for an elevator, in which the safety gear housing is mounted on the frame using transverse bars or the like. To prevent accidental gripping of the wedges when the elevator car moves laterally, the safety gear housing is allowed to move laterally along the bars. The safety gear is provided with guiding means placed on either side of the guide rail so that the clearance between them and the guide rail is smaller than the clearance between the wedge and the guide rail. Thus, when the lateral displacements of the frame of the elevator car relative to the guide rail exceeds the distance between the guiding means and the guide rail, the safety gear housing is moved laterally and a minimum distance between the wedge and the guide rail is maintained, said minimum distance being at least equal to the difference between said clearances.

Abstract: A device for overvoltage protection of rectifier/inverter bridges employing gate-controlled solid-state switches without zero diodes is disclosed. To protect at least the solid-state switches of the rectifier/inverter bridge against overvoltages, the device incorporates one or two overvoltage protector units which are activated when the voltage between at least two protection connections exceeds the voltage across a storage capacitor of the overvoltage protector unit. Thus, a controllable switch connected in parallel with the storage capacitors is turned on when the voltage between two protection connections exceeds an excitation value and is turned off when the voltage falls below the excitation value, controlled by a control unit of the protector unit.

Abstract: Control valve for a hydraulic elevator provided with a speed regulating plug which moves in response to the flow of the hydraulic fluid and whose position determines the flow of hydraulic fluid into the actuating cylinder of the elevator. At each end of the speed regulating plug, there is connected a system of hydraulic channels in which the hydraulic fluid flows, and which communicates with the main hydraulic circuit. An additional channel is connected to the hydraulic channel system, the additional channel being provided with a flow resistance component comprising a capillary throttle and a pressure compensated reservoir, such that the flow of hydraulic fluid through the additional channel is varied in inverse relation to the viscosity of the fluid. By this means, the closing speed of the speed regulating plug, and thus the deceleration rate of the elevator, is maintained constant throughout the operating temperature range of the hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: The protected network consists of a signal bus provided with terminal impedances and connected via impedances to the supply voltage (+VIN) and signal ground (GND), and signal devices which are connected to the bus. To protect the network, the voltages on the bus are monitored, and the bus impedance is measured by means of a test pulse. If either the measured voltages, impedance, or both are outside an allowed range, at least the supply voltage (+VIN) of the signal devices is disconnected.

Abstract: The invention relates to an elevator door opening device designed for opening the car doors and the landing doors. The door opening device comprises a power means and a door coupling apparatus for opening and closing the car and landing doors essentially simultaneously. According to the invention, the door coupling apparatus engages both the car door and the landing door when the car is at a landing, in such manner that its travel during the opening and closing motion of the doors is essentially shorter than the travel of the doors, and that the door coupling apparatus is located outside the area delimited by the landing doorway.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the disposition of loads movable on wheels, e.g., roller pallets or their equivalent, in a storage area consisting of one or more storage levels located one above the other and provided with collateral flow-through channels for the loads, the storage levels being arranged either horizontally or with a slight downward inclination towards the output end, provides that each storage channel has a conveyor rail mechanism which, by utilization of a conveyor rail, both guides and conveys the loads of goods in the channel.

Abstract: Procedure for regulating the d.c. voltage of a pulse-width modulated rectifier bridge controlled by self-commutated semiconductor components and provided with filtering coils, in which procedure the phase voltages of the supplying three-phase mains and the d.c. voltage of the rectifier are measured. The modulation references needed for the pulse-width modulation are produced using pure sine and cosine curves synchronized with the mains voltages, with spatial vectors formed from them or with components of such vectors, by means of a phase-locked loop. The regulation is effected in a coordinate system tied to the spatial vector of the mains voltages.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure for mounting the guide rails for an elevator car or counterweight, wherein the guide rails are attached to an intermediate beam laid across the elevator shaft, the beam being attached at least by one of its ends to opposite walls of the elevator shaft, and to a mounting system implementing the procedure. At least two steel plates (5,6) or equivalent are placed oppositely on the vertical sides of the intermediate beam (2), the upper and lower edges of the plates extending at least somewhat above and below the intermediate beam (2).

Abstract: Vertical transport system in a building provided with one or more hoistways with elevator cars moving in them, comprises at least one hoistway accommodating at least two elevator cars travelling above one another in such a manner that one (2) of the cars travels in the hoistway (1) between the entrance floor and a certain higher floor or certain higher floors, i.e. change levels (11,13a,13b,18). One or more other cars (4,5) travel in the part of the same hoistway (1) which lies above the change levels (11,13a,13b,18), in the spaces between or divided by the hoisting ropes (3) of the elevator operating in the lower part of the hoistway.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for controlling a hydraulic elevator during approach to a landing are disclosed, in which the speed of the elevator and the temperature of the hydraulic fluid are measured prior to beginning deceleration of the elevator. The deceleration point is adjusted on the basis of the speed and temperature information. The elevator passes a deceleration flag while approaching a landing, which is used to measure the speed of the elevator, and to provide a reference point from which the location of the deceleration point is determined. At temperatures exceeding a given reference temperature, the normal deceleration point is shifted from the leading edge of the deceleration flag to its trailing edge, and the start of actual deceleration of the elevator is delayed in relation to the deceleration point (trailing edge of the deceleration flag) by an amount depending on the elevator speed and oil temperature.

Abstract: An elevator safety apparatus is disclosed which is designed to be mounted on an elevator car, which car moves along guide rails; said apparatus comprising a frame, an area for wedge housings formed in the frame, and wedges placed in the wedge housings on each side of a guide rail; the wedges gripping the guide rail when the safety apparatus is activated, the wedges being placed relative to each other such that the wider end of one wedge points upwards while the wider end of the second wedge points downwards. To allow safety apparatus action in both an upward and downward direction, the apparatus is provided with an activating mechanism connected to and moving both wedges, and an overspeed governor, or the equivalent, for controlling the activating mechanism.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for the control of solid-state switches in three-phase frequency converter and rectifier/inverter bridges is disclosed. Such control employs pulse width modulation. In this procedure, the modulation pulses of each phase are generated by comparing sinusoidal modulation references in an interval-by-interval manner to at least two triangular waves with a phase shift between them. The modulator unit for implementing the procedure incorporates one or more memory circuits storing the modulation reference curves, one or more D/A converters for converting the memory circuit outputs into analog form, and comparators for producing preliminary modulation pulses by comparing the sinusoidal modulation reference signals to at least two triangular waves shifted in phase relative to each other.

Abstract: A procedure and device for overload and short-circuit protection of output drivers, uses a circuit that functions at several control voltage levels and in which at least one output driver is controlled in a normal situation by a reference value set independently of external control, whereas in a short-circuit or overload situation the driver receives a control voltage for short instants only, and in which the reference value begins to fall rapidly when the load current of the output driver exceeds a set limit.

Abstract: A rope suspension apparatus for an elevator system, includes a bed, a motor 1 attached to the bed, a motor shaft 2, a traction sheave 4 so mounted on the shaft that the ends of the traction sheave are inclined at an angle relative to vertical, and at least one diverter pulley 5, such that at least one suspension rope 11 may run from an elevator car to the traction sheave via a route between the traction sheave and the diverter pulley. The arrangement provides that each suspension rope may, after passing around the traction sheave, 1 run to the respective one of the at least one the diverter pulley via a route proximal to that of the suspension rope going towards the traction sheave, and at least one counterweight may be suspended on the suspension rope below the diverter pulley wherein the traction sheave has been rotated substantially sideways by an angle substantially equal to the angle that the ends of the traction sheave are inclined relative to vertical.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure and apparatus for detecting and counting objects having velocities and that are in a certain area, wherein at least one passive detector detects background radiation, the signal obtained from said detector is amplified to produce a second signal independent of the distance and size of the object. The frequency content of this second signal is analyzed to chart the movements of the objects. To produce an inexpensive and simple detector, detection of movement of each object and generation of a signal with a frequency content are achieved by dividing the change in background radiation caused by each object into a succession of flashes hitting a surface capable of detecting the background radiation, so that the detector provides an electrical signal the frequency of which is characteristic of the velocity of each object and changes in proportion to the change in the velocity of each object.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for transmitting binary messages in a serial communication bus, to which several transmitting stations are connected is disclosed. Each station is able to transmit a message when the bus is free, and is a signal collision situation when several stations attempt to transmit messages simultaneously, each station monitors the message which is passing through the bus and only the station which has the highest priority is allowed to go ahead and transmit its message while each station having a lower priority which, when transmitting a signal of a logic state assigned a recessive status, receives a signal of a logic state assigned a dominating status cancels its transmission attempt. All stations transmit a dominant signal with the same polarity by recognizing the polarity of the signal present in the bus and by sending the dominating signal with that polarity.