Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a capsule for preparing a solution for use with a measuring device for determining a measurand that depends on a concentration of at least one analyte in a sample. The capsule includes a wall completely enclosing an interior, at least one substance accommodated within the interior, and at least one stirring body. The present disclosure also relates to a system, which includes at least one capsule and a liquid container closed in a liquid-tight manner, which contains a predetermined volume of a liquid containing a solvent. In addition, the wall of the capsule is formed from a material which dissolves at least partially in the solvent.

Abstract: A magnetically inductive flow meter having a measuring tube with a wall, which includes an electrically insulating surface of a first material, and an electrode having an electrode axis, wherein the electrode has at least one electrode end surface for tapping off a measuring signal, in particular a measuring voltage, in a measuring medium, and has an electrode shank extending through the measuring tube wall, wherein the electrode has a stop projecting from the electrode shank with a stop surface to limit the displaceability of the electrode relative to the wall along the electrode axis, wherein the electrode has an electrically insulating coating in a region of the electrode shank and in a region of the stop surface, wherein the material of the electrically insulating coating has a Shore hardness which is equal to or lower than that of the first material.

Abstract: A photometer and a method of performing photometric measurements with this photometer are described. The photometer comprises a photodetector providing a detector signal corresponding to an intensity of light received by the photodetector; and measurement electronics including: an amplifier and a signal processing device configured to determine and to provide a measurement result based on a measurement signal determined by the signal processing device as or based on an amplified detector signal provided by the amplifier. The signal processing device is configured to determine the measurement signal: a) as or based on the amplified detector signal provided by the amplifier being a multistage amplifier including a transimpedance converter and a voltage to current amplifier; and/or b) in form of a noise reduced signal determined by subtracting a previously determined noise offset included in the amplified detector signal from the amplified detector signal.

Abstract: The measuring device comprises a sensor element with an electrical transducer for providing a primary signal dependent on the measured variable and a sensor body with a flat surface portion. The measuring device also includes a measurement and operation circuit for driving the transducer and processing the primary signals. The measurement and operation circuit comprises at least one carrier, a plurality of circuit components including at least one integrated circuit, and passive components. The carrier comprises an electrically insulating carrier body and conductor paths which extend in the carrier body or on its surface. The integrated circuit and the passive component are arranged on the carrier body surface and contacted by the conductor paths. The carrier body is fixed to the surface portion, and the transducer is electrically connected to circuit components of the measurement and operation circuit via conductor paths, the components being encapsulated with a molding compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vibronic sensor for determining a process variable of a medium in a containment, comprising a mechanically oscillatable unit, a driving/receiving unit and an electronics unit having an adaptive filter. The present invention relates also to a method for operating the sensor. The electronics unit is embodied alternately to execute a first operating mode and a second operating mode. The driving/receiving unit is embodied during the first operating mode to excite the oscillatable unit using an electrical excitation signal. During the second operating mode, the exciting of the oscillatable unit is interrupted and the oscillations of the oscillatable unit are received and transduced into an electrical, received signal. At least one filter characteristic of the adaptive filter is set such that a predeterminable phase shift is present between the excitation signal and the received signal, and the process variable is determined from the received signal.

Abstract: The Coriolis mass flowmeter includes a measuring tube, an exciter mechanism, a sensor arrangement, and an electronic transmitter circuit including measuring and control electronics and drive electronics connected to the measuring and control electronics. The drive electronics are adapted, in a first operating mode, to generate an electrical driver signal that supplies electrical power to the exciter mechanism such that the measuring tube executes forced oscillations having an excitation frequency and, in a second operating mode, to cease generating the electrical driver signal. The transmitter circuit is adapted to switch the drive electronics from the first operating mode to the second operating mode such that the measuring tube executes free, damped oscillations in the second operating mode, and the measuring and control electronics are adapted to, based on a phase difference between oscillation measuring signals from the sensor arrangement, to generate measured values representing the mass flow rate.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring flow velocity includes a measuring tube, a measuring transducer for registering a measured variable and outputting a first measured value representing the measured variable, a temperature sensor, and an electronic measuring/operating circuit. The temperature sensor has a sensor element and electrically conductive leads. Each lead is connected with the sensor element and has a first section following on the connection location. The sensor element has a maximum periphery. The first section has a separation of less than 5% of a measuring tube radius from a measuring tube wall, wherein a length of each lead in the first section is at least 25% of the maximum periphery. The leads are guided in their first section at least in certain regions along the maximum periphery, and in their first section are in certain regions in thermal contact with the measuring tube.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an optical measurement probe for the detection of measurement values correlating with a measurand of a measuring medium, including a probe housing having at least one immersion region structured to be immersed in the measuring medium, a radiation source arranged in the probe housing, a radiation receiver arranged in the probe housing, and an indicator chamber formed in the probe housing and sealed via a membrane arranged in the immersion region of the probe housing, wherein an indicator is contained in the indicator chamber, the indicator including an AIE-active substance dissolved in an indicator solution or in an indicator gel, which AIE-active substance is a substance formed from species, molecules, complexes or clusters whose luminescence efficiency is increased via formation of aggregates containing the species.

Abstract: An optical sensor for determining the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a medium incudes a light source configured to emit transmitted light having a wavelength of less than 300 nm into the medium; a detector for receiving received light, wherein the detector is configured at least for receiving received light having a wavelength of 300 nm to 400 nm, wherein the transmitted light is converted into received light by means of fluorescence in the medium as a function of the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, wherein a detector signal is generated from the received light; and a data processing unit configured to determine the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using the detector signal, wherein the data processing unit controls the light source such that the light source emits modulated transmitted light according to a duty cycle. Methods of using the optical sensor are further disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor system having at least one measuring point having at least one first sensor and one measuring transducer. The first sensor is configured to output first sensor signals that are a function of a first measurand of a measuring medium present at the measuring point. The measuring transducer is connected to the first sensor in order to receive the first sensor signals and comprises an evaluation application which is configured to determine one additional piece of information that is different from the first measurand using an evaluation algorithm on the basis of at least the first sensor signals. The sensor system furthermore comprises a higher-level data processing structure, such as a server or a cloud. Both the higher-level data processing structure and the measuring transducer are configured to execute a training application configured to train the evaluation algorithm.

Abstract: A method for determining an inverse impulse response of a communication channel by means of a PAM receiver comprises the following method steps: switching on the PAM receiver; if a second PAM transceiver is switched on, setting a difference between a clock frequency of the data signal and a sampling frequency of the first PAM transceiver; comparing a symbol that is output by the interpreter with a state that is supplied to the interpreter, and outputting an error value, wherein in each case a symbol associated with a sampling clock is compared with a state associated with the same sampling clock; adapting m filter coefficients of the equalizer to minimize error values; repeating the third method step and the fourth method step until an error limit value is reached.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for determining the total organic carbon of a sample in a liquid medium includes a reactor block made of a metallic, electrically conductive, and corrosion-resistant material, the reactor block including a housing wall for accommodating a light source, the housing wall including an inlet into and an outlet from the reactor block and a flow chamber in which digestion of the sample for determining the total organic carbon occurs, the flow chamber configured to accommodate the light source and to route the sample to be irradiated with light, wherein the measuring apparatus further includes at least one conductivity measurement device, wherein the reactor block is an external electrode of the conductivity measurement device. A method for determining the total organic carbon of the sample using the measuring apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for determining and/or monitoring a process variable of a medium, comprising at least one sensor element arranged in a sensor head for determining and/or monitoring the process variable, wherein an internal volume of the sensor head is filled at least partially with a filler. The filler includes at least one fill material, for which at at least one predeterminable phase transformation temperature a phase change occurs, in which the material remains in the solid state, wherein the fill material is in a first phase state when a temperature of the fill material is less than the phase transformation temperature, and wherein the fill material is in a second phase state when the temperature of the fill material is greater than the phase transformation temperature.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for determining at least one measurand of a measuring medium includes a first measuring device including a first measuring sensor structured to contact the measuring medium and configured to detect measured values of the at least one measurand, the first measuring device embodied to determine a first measured value that is dependent on the at least one measurand of the measuring medium, a sampling device structured to remove a sample from the measuring medium, a second measuring device including a second measuring sensor and embodied to determine a second measured value that is dependent on the least one measurand of the sample, and an electronic control apparatus configured to receive and process the first and second measured value and to perform a verification, calibration and/or adjustment of the first measuring device using the second measured value.

Abstract: A measurement device for measuring a temperature prevailing inside a container is disclosed. The measurement device comprises: a process connector including a connector body and a fastener configured to be mounted onto a corresponding counterpart surrounding an opening of the container; a measurement unit secured in an opening of the process connector such that a front surface of the measurement unit is facing into the container when the measurement device is mounted on the container; the measurement unit including or consisting of: a heat pipe and a temperature sensor; the heat pipe having two thermally conductive interfaces including a front interface exposable to the temperature to be measured and a second interface in thermal contact with the temperature sensor; and a thermal insulation surrounding the heat pipe and the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A device for transferring signals using electromagnetic waves of a certain wavelength and based on a housing formed at least partially of metal for use in an explosion endangered area includes the housing; a transmitting/receiving unit for producing and/or receiving the electromagnetic waves; at least one primary antenna for out-coupling and/or in-coupling of the electromagnetic waves; at least one slot-shaped housing opening; and a formed part, which is made of a material having a dielectric number significantly greater than one and which extends to a predetermined maximum depth into the housing opening.