Abstract: Provided is a method of generating a hydrogen-rich reformate from a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising olefins and alkanes (e.g., LPG). An inlet gas stream containing the hydrocarbon feed stream and an oxygen containing gas stream, is preheated to a temperature of from 180 to 300° C. The preheated inlet gas stream is then contacted with a sulfur tolerant partial oxidation catalyst to form a pre-reformed gas stream, which is preferably maintained below about 400° C. The pre-reformed gas stream is then subjected to a reforming process to form the hydrogen-rich reformate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microspheres comprising hyaluronan derivatized with a bifunctional crosslinker to form microspheres. Methods of making such microspheres, comprising mixing hyaluronic acid and a dihydrazide with a crosslinker in an aqueous solution, adding a solvent and an emulsifying agent to form an emulsion, and lowering the pH of the emulsion to allow intramolecular and intermolecular crosslinking to occur, are also disclosed. The invention also provides for pharmaceutical or cosmetic formulations based on the microspheres described herein, further containing one or more active or cosmetic agents, and methods of using such formulations.

Abstract: A natural pearlescent pigment derived from fish is uniformly dispersed in a polybutylene glycol vehicle for use, for example, in cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: Disclosed are catalyst systems and methods of making the catalyst systems/supports for the polymerization of an olefin containing a solid titanium catalyst component having a substantially spherical shape and containing a titanium compound and a support made from a magnesium compound and an alkyl silicate. The catalyst system may further contain an organoaluminum compound and an organosilicon compound. Also disclosed are methods of making an impact copolymer involving polymerizing an olefin to provide a polyolefin matrix and polymerizing a polyolefin rubber using a solid titanium catalyst component containing a titanium compound and a support made from a magnesium compound and an alkyl silicate.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for providing a library of composite compositions on a support. The method involves depositing one or more components onto the support on either discrete spaced regions of the support or as a continuous concentration gradients on the surface of the support. The composite samples can be removed from the support by drilling out portions of the coated support so as to yield individual composite tablets containing the support with one or more component layers thereon. By using this method, a vast number of composites can be made and tested simultaneously.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking catalyst is provided with a high porosity by in-situ crystallizing an aluminosilicate zeolite from a reactive microsphere comprising metakaolin and hydrous kaolin. Any calcination of the reactive microsphere before reaction with a zeolite-forming solution is done at low temperatures so as to ensure the hydrous kaolin is not converted to metakaolin.

Abstract: Zeolite microsphere FCC catalysts having a novel morphology comprising a macroporous matrix and crystallized zeolite freely coating the walls of the pores of the matrix. The catalysts are formed from microspheres containing a metakaolin and kaolin calcined through its exotherm, the latter calcined kaolin being derived from a kaolin having a high pore volume. Kaolin having a high pore volume can be a pulverized ultrafine kaolin or a kaolin which has been pulverized to have an incipient slurry point less than 57% solids.

Abstract: Zeolite microsphere FCC catalysts having a novel morphology comprising a porous matrix and crystallized zeolite freely coating the walls of the pores of the matrix. The catalysts are formed from microspheres containing a metakaolin and an alumina source other than kaolin having a high pore volume.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layered catalyst composite useful for reducing contaminants in exhaust gas streams, especially gaseous streams containing sulfur oxide contaminants. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with improved catalysts of the type generally referred to as “three-way conversion” catalysts. The layered catalysts trap sulfur oxide contaminants which tend to poison three-way conversion catalysts used to abate other pollutants in the stream. The layered catalyst composites of the present invention have a sulfur oxide absorbing layer before or above a nitrogen oxide absorbing layer. The layered catalyst composite comprises a first layer and a second layer. The first layer comprises a first support and at least one first platinum component. The second layer comprises a second support and a SOx sorbent component having a free energy of formation from about 0 to about ?90 Kcal/mole at 350° C.

Abstract: Electric arc spraying a metal onto a substrate produces an anchor layer on the substrate that serves as a surprisingly superior intermediate layer for a catalytic material deposited thereon. Spalling of catalytic material is resisted even when subjected to the harsh conditions imposed by small engines or in a close-coupled position for a larger engine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a catalyzed metallic substrate, such as a metal plate. There is a catalyst layer supported on the substrate surface. The article is useful as part of exhaust systems which can be used with small engines for applications such as motorcycles, lawn mowers, chain saws, weed trimmers and the like. The present invention includes methods to prepare the catalyzed metal substrate and methods of use of the catalyzed substrate.

Abstract: A non-chrome, copper-containing catalyst, Cu—Al—O and method of preparing the same are provided wherein the Cu—Al—O catalyst is prepared by the co-precipitation of copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) and sodium aluminate (Na2Al2O4) solutions using sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as a precipitant. The precipitate is filtered, washed to removed excess sodium, and dried. The dried product, to be used in a powder form, is calcined at a preferred temperature of approximately 700° to 900° C. for approximately 1 to 4 hours. The dry powder, to be tableted or extruded, is calcined at a temperature of approximately 400° to 700° C. The activity of the Cu—Al—O catalyst can be promoted in hydrogenolysis applications by the addition of various agents. The Cu—Al—O catalyst can be employed in applications in place of Cu/Cr, or other copper based catalysts.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide from an input gas stream that contains carbon monoxide, oxygen and hydrogen. The process includes the step of contacting the input gas stream with a preferential oxidation catalyst. The preferential oxidation catalysts are copper-based catalysts containing low concentrations of platinum group metals. In some embodiments, the processes of the invention are conducted using preferential oxidation catalysts having an oxide support on which is dispersed copper or an oxide thereof, a platinum group metal and a reducible metal oxide. In other embodiments, the processes of the invention are conducted with a preferential oxidation catalysts having a cerium oxide support on which is dispersed copper or an oxide thereof and a platinum group metal.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an iron-promoted zeolite beta catalyst useful in the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia in which the iron-promoted zeolite beta is treated so as to provide increased amounts of the iron promoter in the form of Fe(OH). The stabilized zeolite is formed by cation exchange of an iron salt into a zeolite beta which has a reduced sodium content such as by exchanging a sodium beta with ammonium or hydrogen cations. A zeolite beta having a reduced carbon content and a Si/Al ratio of no more than 10 also increases the Fe(OH) content of the iron-promoted catalyst. The iron-promoted catalyst which has the iron in the form of Fe(OH) is characterized by a peak at 3680±5 cm?1 in the IR spectra.

Abstract: The invention provides low temperature NO2 trap compositions useful for adsorbing NO2 from a gas stream at lower temperatures, and releasing the NO2 at higher temperatures. The low temperature trap compositions are useful for incorporation into a diesel exhaust system equipped with a soot filter. The NO2 from the diesel exhaust can be stored when the exhaust temperature is cool, e.g., during startup and at times of low load, and released when the exhaust is at higher temperatures. The released NO2 serves as an effective oxidant for the combustion of soot deposited on the soot filter. These temperatures are significantly lower than those required for the combustion of soot using O2 as an oxidant. The methods of the invention thereby provide a method for regenerating the soot filter within operating temperature ranges typical of diesel engine exhaust systems.

Abstract: A novel method of forming ZSM-5 comprises reacting calcined kaolin microspheres with silicate and a seed solution used for forming zeolite Y under conditions of pH, temperature, and time to yield ZSM-5 crystals formed in-situ on said calcined kaolin microspheres. The reaction medium does not contain any organic templates or ZSM-5 seeding crystals.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a non-pyrophoric catalyst having about 2 to 20 wt. % of a copper component, wherein at least 50 wt. % of the copper component is in the form of a copper oxide, aluminum oxide-spinel. The catalyst can be prepared by forming a mixture of a copper precursor and an alumina precursor, coextruding the mixture, drying the coextrudate and calcining the dried coextrudate at a temperature of at least 600° C. In other aspects, the invention also relates to processes for the activation of copper-based catalysts and for the regeneration of deactivated copper-based catalysts.

Abstract: Disclosed is a red pigment represented by Formula I: having a unique X-ray diffraction pattern. Also disclosed is a red pigment composition containing the pigment represented by Formula I and a surfactant. Also disclosed is a method of making a red pigment composition. Further disclosures relate to coating compositions, ink compositions, plastic compositions, electrostatic toner compositions, powder coating compositions, paint compositions, and paper compositions containing the red pigment represented by Formula I.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating the atmosphere comprising moving a vehicle through the atmosphere, the vehicle having at least one atmosphere contacting surface and a pollutant treating composition located on said surface. A specific embodiment comprises coating a motor vehicle radiator with pollutant treating catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of reducing weed growth or reducing pests involving applying to plant producing media particulate materials to a depth of at least about 1 cm, wherein the plant producing media to the depth comprises about 1% by weight or more and about 25% by weight or less of the applied particulate materials Also disclosed are methods of reducing weed growth involving applying to plant producing media or unwanted vegetation a film of particulate materials, wherein the film has a thickness of about 1 ?m or more and about 5 mm or less.