Abstract: Production tubing for oil wells comprising a plurality of cylindrical elements made of a composite material consisting of continuous carbon fibres impregnated with a thermosetting epoxy resin, joined adjacently to each other by means of a male/female connection system, wherein the male connection is present on one end of the cylindrical element and the female connection is present on the other end of the cylindrical element.

Abstract: A method for predicting the properties of crude oils by the application of neural networks articulated in phases and characterized by determining the T2 NMR relaxation curve of an unknown crude oil and converting it to a logarithmic relaxation curve; selecting the values of the logarithmic relaxation curve lying on a characterization grid; entering the selected values as input data for a multilayer neural network of the back propagation type, trained and optimized by means of genetic algorithms; predicting, by means of the trained and optimized neural network, the physico-chemical factors of the unknown crude oil. The method comprises a training and optimization process of the multilayer neural network of the back propagation type. The method thus defined allows the most representative physico-chemical factors of crude oils to be predicted rapidly and without onerous laboratory structures, or alternatively the distillation curve of crude oils with an acceptable approximation degree.

Abstract: A combined piloting method of remote operated underwater vehicles includes: connecting, to a vertical profile, a constraint device including at least two arms arranged at a reciprocal fixed angular position, each of the at least two docking arms including at a first end a device for the hooking of a remote operated underwater vehicle, the at least two docking arms being constrained at one of their second ends to a device for the sliding and rotating hooking to the vertical profile; connecting at least two remote operated vehicles to the constraint device; detecting the position of the overall structure consisting of the constraint device and remote operated vehicles; detecting the orientation of each of the remote operated vehicles; receiving data relating to the position and orientation to be reached; determining the power required by each remote operated vehicle; and transmitting related commands to each vehicle.

Abstract: A process for producing bio-oil from municipal solid waste, the process including: a) liquifying municipal solid waste, to obtain a mixture containing an oily phase containing bio-oil, a solid phase, and a first aqueous phase; b) treating the first aqueous phase from a) with an adsorbing material, to obtain a second aqueous phase; c) fermenting the second aqueous phase from b), to obtain a biomass; d) subjecting the biomass obtained in c) to the liquification a). The bio-oil obtained is advantageously used in the production of biofuels for motor vehicles or for the generation of electric energy or heat.

Abstract: A method of providing at least one projection (4) on a tubular body (1) of the type required by the oil and gas industry for use in recovery of and transporting of crude oil or gas, namely oil-country-tubular goods (OCTG), said projection (4) having a predetermined form such as a blade, ribbing, or the like stand-off projection, by providing materials capable of being moulded, applying a mould to a tubular (OCTG) body, and moulding said materials using said mould onto said tubular body (1).

Abstract: The cultivation of heterotrophic and phototrophic micro-organisms is integrated for the production of bio-oil for biofuels, wherein the overall algal suspension produced is first thickened, with recirculation of the excess water to cultivation containers, and then thermally treated at a high temperature. After cooling, a bio-oil phase is recovered together with a suspension rich in soluble carbohydrates and proteins which forms a nutritional/energy source for heterotrophic micro-organisms.

Abstract: Process for the removal of deposits from an oil or gas well, and/or from surface structures, and/or from the equipment connected therewith, and/or from hydrocarbon-bearing formations, comprising: —injecting at least one oil-in-water nanoemulsion into said oil or gas well, and/or surface structures, and/or equipment connected therewith, and/or hydrocarbon bearing formations; leaving said nanoemulsion in said oil or gas well, and/or surface structures, and/or equipment connected therewith, and/or hydrocarbon bearing formations, for a predetermined time.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for optimizing the operation of a reaction section for hydrocarbon synthesis starting from a feed comprising synthesis gas, operated in the presence of a catalyst comprising cobalt. This method comprises the following steps: a) determining the theoretical molar ratio, PH2O:PH2, in the reaction section; b) optionally, adjusting the ratio PH2O:PH2 determined in step a) to a value strictly below 1; c) determining the new value for the theoretical ratio PH2O:PH2 in the reaction section; and repeating steps a) to c) until the ratio of the partial pressures of water and hydrogen, PH2O:PH2, has a value strictly less than 1.1.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of lignin to liquid hydro-carbons comprising: subjecting the lignin to hydrogenolysis in the presence of at least one hydrogenolysis catalyst, at a temperature ranging from 250° C. to 350° C., preferably ranging from 290° C. to 320 ° C., so as to obtain depolymerized lignin; subjecting said depolymerized lignin to hydrotreating so as to obtain a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons. Said liquid hydrocarbons can be used as such (biofuels) for the production of reformulated gasolines, or they can be used for the production of gasolines or of gas oils through conventional refining processes.

Abstract: With a certain pipeline, either underground or deposited on a sea/lake bottom, the formation of critical faults is determined and localized, which arise in the walls of the pipeline, or the growth of an already localized fault is monitored, through a method which detects, by acoustic sensors regularly distributed along the pipeline, the ultrasounds diffused along the walls of the pipeline itself upon the formation of a critical fault, or when a controlled fault increases, and processing, by a remote processor, the digital signals associated with the sound waves to identify the position or evaluate the development of a critical fault.

Abstract: For reducing the restart pressure of streams selected from waxy crude oils, water-in-crude emulsions and dispersions of hydrocarbon hydrates, at least partially structured, a mechanic disturbance is applied, in flow-stop conditions, on the streams. The temperatures are lower than the WAT (Wax Appearance Temperature) for the waxy crude oils and water-in-crude emulsions. The temperatures are also lower than the forming temperatures of the hydrates and pressures higher than the forming pressure of the hydrates, for the dispersions of hydrocarbon hydrates.

Abstract: Monomers having formula (I) and process for their synthesis which comprises the etherification reaction of a halogen-derivative (Z?Cl, Br, I) having formula (III) with the hydroxyl group of the glycerol derivative (IV), according to the following scheme:(Formula III, IV & I) (III) (IV) (I)

Abstract: Process for the recovery of oils from a solid matrix comprising: subjecting said solid matrix to extraction by mixing with at least one organic solvent having a boiling point lower than or equal to 160° C., preferably ranging from 60° C. to 140° C., operating at a temperature ranging from 5° C. to 40° C., preferably ranging from 15° C. to 30° C., and at atmospheric pressure (1 atm), obtaining a solid-liquid mixture; subjecting said solid-liquid mixture to separation, obtaining a liquid phase comprising said oils and said organic solvent and a solid phase comprising said solid matrix; recovering said organic solvent from said liquid phase.

Abstract: An apparatus, containing: (I) an inlet section into which a liquid and optionally a gaseous reagent stream is fed, the inlet section containing a device, which nebulizes and/or vaporizes the liquid stream, the device optionally utilizing vapor and/or a gaseous hydrocarbon stream as propellant; (II) a mixing section containing a chamber having a cylindrical or truncated-conical geometry, which mixes the reagent stream exiting the inlet section (I), to form a reaction mixture; (III) a reaction section including i) a first structured catalytic bed a ii) a structured catalytic bed heating device, in which the reaction mixture exiting the mixing section (II) flows through each layer of the first structured catalytic bed with a contact time varying from 0.01 to 10 ms, to produce a mixture of reaction products; and IV) a cooling section of the mixture of reaction products leaving the reaction section (III).

Abstract: An automatic modular maintenance device operating in the annulus (D) of a well for the production of hydrocarbons, including a plurality of substantially cylindrical modules (C) connected to each other by means of articulated joints, said device being capable of floating, also autonomously, in a completion fluid present in the annulus (D) of the well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to copolymers for solar cells based on acridonic units comprising: a monomeric unit (A) having general formula (I) wherein X is S or Se, Y is 0, S or NR? and R?, R?, the same or different, are C4-C24 alkyl groups, aryl groups optionally substituted with other functional groups, acyl groups or thioacyl groups; at least one monomer unit (B) having general formula (II) wherein Z is 0, S, Se or N—R?, wherein R? is a C4-C24 alkyl group, an aryl group op-tionally substituted with other functional groups, an acyl group or thioacyl group, said monomeric unit (B) being connected to any position available of a hetero-aromatic side ring of the unit (A) through one of the two positions indicated by the dashed lines in general formula (II). Photovoltaic devices comprising said alternating ?-conjugated polymers are also described.

Abstract: Method for visualizing and comparing two images or volumes of data of physical quantities or information referable to the same, recorded by means of suitable equipment, comprising the following steps: —defining which of the two quantities will be represented as color variations, and which as brightness variations; —defining a chromatic representation system based on three color coordinates, in which one coordinate represents the brightness and the other two coordinates represent appropriate color attributes; —applying a suitable transformation to the values of the physical quantities to be represented, so that the values of the physical quantities to be visualized are transformed from the original coordinates into the preselected chromatic coordinates; —transforming the values of the quantities to be visualized from the system of pre-selected coordinates into the chromatic coordinates typical of the pre-selected visualization system; —visualizing the image/volume containing the combination of the two quantiti

Abstract: A method for estimating fluid volumes moved in compartmented areas of the subsoil, the method including the steps of a) performing a series of gradiometric measurement campaigns at pre-established time intervals in a survey field, in which the relative variation ?Vi of the fluid volumes contained in a corresponding compartmented area of the subsoil is known; b) determining, for each measurement campaign after the first campaign, a parameter P1i based on the entire survey area; and c) determining a variability law that correlates the parameter P1i to the known relative variation ?Vi in fluid volumes in the compartmented area of the subsoil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogen starting from liquid hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons, and/or oxygenated compounds, also deriving from biomasses, and mixtures thereof. Said process is characterized in that it comprises a preheating section (200) of the reagents, a short contact time—catalytic partial oxidation section (101) to give synthesis gas, a thermal recovery section (201), a conversion section (102) of the carbon monoxide present in the synthesis gas to carbon dioxide by means of a Water Gas Shift reaction, a removal section of the carbon dioxide produced (104), a cooling and removal section of the condensate. Said process can possibly comprise a purification section of the hydrogen produced by means of Pressure Swing Adsorption (105) and generation of purge gas having a medium heat power. Said process also possibly comprises a hydrodesulphuration section of the reagents.

Abstract: A centralizer for an oil well drill casing including at least one strip of ceramic or plastic material applied onto an outer wall of the casing.