Abstract: A Fischer-Tropsch derived distillate fraction is blended with either a raw virgin condensate fraction or a mildly hydrotreated virgin condensate to obtain a stable inhibited distillate fuel.

Abstract: A high VI and low pour point lubricant base stock is made by hydroisomerizing a high purity, waxy, paraffinic Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbon fraction having an initial boiling point in the range of 650-750° F., followed by catalytically dewaxing the hydroisomerate using a dewaxing catalyst comprising a catalytic platinum component and an H-mordenite component. The hydrocarbon fraction is preferably synthesized by a slurry Fischer-Tropsch using a catalyst containing a catalytic cobalt component. This combination of the process, high purity, waxy paraffinic feed and the Pt/H-mordenite dewaxing catalyst, produce a relatively high yield of premium lubricant base stock.

Abstract: A cavitation enhanced atomizing process comprises forming a flowing solution of the liquid to be atomized and a lower boiling cavitating liquid. This flowing solution is then contacted with a pressure reducing means, at a temperature below the bubble point of the cavitating liquid in the solution, to produce cavitation bubbles. These bubbles comprise cavitation liquid vapor and the bubble nucleation produces a two-phase fluid of the bubbles and liquid solution. The two-phase fluid is passed downstream into and through an atomizing means, such as an orifice, and into a lower pressure atomizing zone, in which the bubbles vaporize to form a spray of liquid droplets. The nucleated bubbles also grow in size as the so-formed two-phase fluid passes downstream to and through the atomizing means.

Abstract: The present invention is a slurry-type process for upgrading heavy oils to FCC and S/C feeds under temperature and pressure conditions similar to MSHP, but employing catalysts in concentrations small enough (e.g., <300 ppm Mo on feed) that they need not be recycled.

Abstract: The chemical demulsifier formulation has the formula: wherein R1 is H or an alkoxide of from 5 to about 20 carbon atoms; x is an integer of from about 8 to about 22 when R1 is hydrogen and from about 2 to about 5 when R1 is alkoxide; R2 is independently selected from H, (CH2CH2O)mH; R3 is independently selected from H, (CH2CH2O)nH, and (CH2CH(CH3)O)nH; m and n are integers from 1 to 50; and y and z are integers ranging from 2 to 10.

Abstract: Sour natural gas is processed to remove the sulfur compounds and recover C4+/C5+ hydrocarbons by scrubbing the gas with an amine solution to remove most of the sulfur, followed cooling the gas to remove C4+/C5+ hydrocarbons and more sulfur compounds as liquid condensate to produce a gas having less than 20 vppm of total sulfur. The condensate is sent to a fractionator to recover the C4+C5+ hydrocarbons. The sulfur and hydrocarbon reduced gas is contacted first with zinc oxide and then nickel, to produce a gas having less than 10 vppb of total sulfur which is passed into a synthesis gas generating unit to form a very low sulfur synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H2 and CO. This synthesis gas is useful for hydrocarbon synthesis with increased life of the hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst and greater hydrocarbon production from the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor. Contacting the synthesis gas with zinc oxide further reduces the sulfur content to below 3 vppb.

Abstract: A premium synthetic lubricant having antiwear properties comprises a synthetic isoparaffinic hydrocarbon base stock and an effective amount of at least one antiwear additive. The antiwear additive is preferably at least one of a metal phosphate, a metal dialkyldithiophosphate, a metal dithiophosphate a metal thiocarbamate, a metal dithiocarbamate, an ethoxylated amine dialkyldithiophosphate and an ethoxylated amine dithiobenzoate. Metal dialkyldithiophosphates are preferred, particularly zincdialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP). The base stock is derived from a waxy, Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbon feed fraction comprising hydrocarbons having an initial boiling point in the range of about 650-750.degree. F., by a process which comprises hydroisomerizing the feed and dewaxing the isomerate. The lubricant may also contain hydrocarbonaceous and synthetic base stock material in admxture with the Fischer-Tropsch derived base stock.

Abstract: HCN can be removed from HCN containing synthesis gas streams useful as Fischer-Tropsch feed by contacting the feed with a cobalt containing catalyst at conditions that do not promote or catalyze the Fischer-Tropsch process.

Abstract: Hydroprocessing of petroleum and chemical feedstocks using bulk Group VIII/Group VIB catalysts. Preferred catalysts include those comprised of Ni--Mo--W.

Abstract: A Fischer-Tropsch derived distillate fraction is blended with either a raw gas field condensate distillate fraction or a mildly hydrotreated condensate fraction to obtain a stable, inhibited distillate fuel.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for transforming aromatic organic compounds and resource materials. The process includes the steps of contacting an organic material selected from the group consisting of single and/or multi-ring aromatic compounds and alkylaromatic compounds, and their heteroatom-containing analogues, crude oil, petroleum, petrochemical streams, coals, shales, coal liquids, shale oils, heavy oils and bitumens with a microorganism or enzymes in order to hydroxylate the organic material, followed by contacting the hydroxylated organic resource material so as to cause hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis on the material.

Abstract: The invention is related to non-linear, paraffin-soluble olefin/carbon monoxide and olefin/acetylene/carbon monoxide copolymers. The invention is also related to a method for preparing olefin/carbon monoxide copolymers by heating a feed of at least one olefin, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and methane in the presence of a free radical polymerization initiator. More particularly, the feed comprises at least one olefin, the total olefin amount ranging from about 5 to about 40 mole %, carbon monoxide in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 40 mole %, hydrogen in an amount ranging from about 4 to about 55 mole %, carbon dioxide in an amount ranging from about 3 to about 10 mole %, and methane in an amount ranging from about 4 to about 85 mole %. The feed may also include acetylene in an amount ranging up to about mole %.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking process conducted under fluid catalytic cracking conditions by injecting into at least one reaction zone of a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) having one or more risers, a plurality of feeds wherein said plurality of feeds comprises at least one feed (.alpha.) and at least another feed (.beta.) wherein said feeds (.alpha.) and (.beta.) (a) differ in Conradson Carbon Residue by at least about 2 wt % points; or (b) differ in hydrogen content by at least about 0.2 wt %; or (c) differ in API gravities by at least about 2 points; or (d) differ in nitrogen content by at least about 50 ppm; or (e) differ in carbon-to-hydrogen ratio by at least about 0.3; or (f) differ in mean boiling point by at least about 200.degree. F; and wherein said feeds (.alpha.) and (.beta.) are alternately injected and wherein said alternate injection maintains said risers in a cyclic steady state, while the rest of the FCC unit is in a steady state.

Abstract: A hydrodenitrogenation catalyst is prepared by decomposing a nickel (ammonium) molybdotungstate precursor and sulfiding, either pre-use or in situ, the decomposition product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a semicrystalline polymer composition with reinforced spherulite boundaries and interlamellar strength, comprising a major amount of a first semicrystalline polymer and a minor amount of a second semicrystalline homopolymer or a semicrystalline copolymer and a process of making the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering the transition metal component of catalysts used in the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbonaceous materials. In accordance with the invention, a slurry of a transition metal catalyst and hydrocarbon is catalytically desulfurized resulting in a desulfurized product and a solid residue containing the transition metal. The transition metal may be recovered by coking the residue and then dividing the coker residue into two portions are combusted with the flue dust from the first combustion zone being conducted to the second combustion zone. The flue dust from the second combustion zone is treated with ammonia and ammonium carbonate in order to obtain ammonium molybdate.

Abstract: A hydroprocessing process includes a cocurrent flow liquid reaction stage, a countercurrent flow liquid reaction stage and a vapor reaction stage in which feed components are catalytically hydroprocessed by reacting with hydrogen. Both liquid stages both produce a liquid and a vapor effluent, with the cocurrent stage liquid effluent the feed for the countercurrent stage and the countercurrent stage liquid effluent the hydroprocessed product liquid. Both liquid stage vapor effluents are combined and catalytically reacted with hydrogen in a vapor reaction stage, to form a hydroprocessed vapor. This vapor is cooled to condense and recover a portion of the hydroprocessed hydrocarbonaceous vapor components as additional product liquid. The uncondensed vapor is rich in hydrogen and is cleaned up if necessary, to remove contaminants, and then recycled back into the cocurrent stage as hydrogen-containing treat gas.

Abstract: The use of oil soluble organo molybdenum compounds in combination with phenolic or amenic antioxidants has been found to improve the dispersancy retention capability of crankcase lubricants. Thus in one embodiment the present invention comprises improving dispersancy retention of a crankcase lubricant by including in the crankcase lubricant composition an oil soluble organomolybdenum compounds and at least one of a phenolic or aminic antioxidant. Particularly preferred organomlybdenum compounds are molybdenum dithiocarbamates while a mixture of a diarylamine and two phenolic antioxidants are preferred.

Abstract: A gas conversion process including catalytic hydrocarbon synthesis from a synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H.sub.2 and CO, produces hydrogen from the synthesis gas and upgrades synthesized hydrocarbons by one or more hydroconversion operations which utilize this hydrogen. The hydroconversion also produces a hydrogen rich tail gas which is used in the process for at least one of (i) hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst rejuvenation, (ii) the hydrocarbon synthesis, and (iii) hydrogen production. In one embodiment the tail gas is used to hydrodesulfurize sulfur-containing hydrocarbon liquids recovered from the natural gas used to form the synthesis gas. The hydrogen production is accomplished by physical separation, such as PSA, with or without chemical means such as a water gas shift reaction.

Abstract: MCM-56 and MCM-49 have been demonstrated to be effective catalysts for the reduction of nitrogen oxide (NO.sub.x) emissions in a net oxidizing environment such as Selective Catalytic Reduction or lean burn engine exhaust applications. MCM-56 and MCM-49 can be utilized as a component of a spherical or cylindrical catalyst particle or as a wash coat on a ceramic or metallic monolith. Optionally, a transition metal such as copper, can be added to the catalyst for improved activity.