Abstract: Disclosed are a shade detection and global maximum power point tracking method and apparatus for photovoltaic power conversion. The method comprises: setting an array voltage at a first duty and an array current at a second duty among data sheet values of a PV array of a PV module as a reference array voltage and a reference array current, respectively; calculating a MPP resistance of the PV array based thereon; calculating a duty to be applied to a switch of a boost converter of the PV module based on the MPP resistance; obtaining an actual array voltage and an actual array current of the PV array based on the duty; and determining whether a uniform shade case occurs based on the actual array voltage, the actual array current, and actual power.

Abstract: The present technology relates generally to oligolactic acid conjugates and stereocomplexes of conjugates of gemcitabine and gemcitabine derivatives, micelle compositions containing such conjugates or stereocomplexes of conjugates, and methods of preparing and using such compositions to treat various cancers. The oligolactic acid conjugates and stereocomplexes of conjugates may include oligolactic acid comprising 2 to 20 lactic acid subunits and may be attached through an amide linkage to the nitrogen of the 4(N) of the gemcitabine or gemcitabine derivative. Compositions comprising water and a micelle comprising a polylactic acid-containing polymer and the oligolactic acid conjugate or stereocomplex of conjugates may be readily prepared. Methods of inhibiting or killing cancer cells and treating gemcitabine sensitive cancers are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of estimating PV model parameters and a method and an apparatus for data-based PV fault detection and diagnosis using a PV model. The method comprises: substituting five parameters of a PV current, a diode saturation current, a diode ideality factor, a series resistance, and a parallel resistance into an output equation of a single diode model for PV modeling of a PV module; computing an MAEP in an output by comparing power-voltage (P-V) curve values of the PV module obtained from the single diode model, which is a PV simulation model, and P-V curve values of the PV module, which is an actual PV module, when the voltage is zero, the open-circuit voltage, or a specific data value increased as much as a preset intensity; and selecting parameters representing a minimum MAEP among a plurality of stored MAEPs as parameters of the PV simulation model.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of manufacturing a PTC heating element, the method including: (a) preparing a mixed powder of a polymer powder and a carbon nanotube-containing powder, (b) forming the mixed powder into a pellet-shaped body, and (c) extruding the pellet-shaped body to produce a wire-type heating element. A PTC heating element manufactured by the method is also proposed. The PTC heating element manufactured by the method has better thermal conductivity than existing PTC heating elements, so that the PTC heating element exhibits a quick temperature rise within a short time, resulting in a reduction in power consumption. In particular, when the PTC heating element is used as a heating element for car seat heaters and steering wheel heaters in electric vehicles, battery consumption may be dramatically reduced, contributing to an increase in the driving mileage of the electric vehicles.

Abstract: A fluorescence microscopy metrology system includes an optical system configured to generate first light and second light having different wavelengths, a microscope body configured to irradiate a sample, coated with a fluorescent material, with the first light and the second light received from the optical system, and to receive fluorescence reflected from the sample, an image detection device configured to detect a fluorescence image corresponding to the received fluorescence, and a nanostructure analysis device configured to measure line edge roughness (LER) from the detected fluorescence image, to analyze power spectral density (PSD), or to detect a nanoparticle defect.

Abstract: An apparatus includes one or more processors configured to execute instructions; and one or more memories storing the instructions; wherein the execution of the instructions by the one or more processors configures the one or more processors to generate an approximate polynomial, approximating a neural network operation, of a portion of a deep neural network model that is configured to receive input data, by using weighted least squares based on parameters corresponding to the generation of the approximate polynomial, a mean of the input data, and a standard deviation of the input data; and generate a homomorphic encrypted data operation result based on the input data and the approximate polynomial that approximates the neural network operation.

Abstract: According to various embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device for performing token pruning in a frequency domain may include a processor, and the processor may configured to divide an image frame into a plurality of patches, convert tokens based on the plurality of patches from a spatial domain to a frequency domain through a fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based frequency domain conversion algorithm, the tokens being output from a predetermined transformer block among a plurality of transformer blocks, after performing patch embedding on the plurality of patches, and convert the remaining tokens other than specific tokens from the frequency domain to the spatial domain, after pruning specific tokens from the tokens based on frequency information of the tokens converted into the frequency domain. Various other embodiments are also possible.

Abstract: The present disclosure aims at providing a gel polymer electrolyte which has a great effect of inhibiting leakage of an organic solvent by confining the organic solvent in a three-dimensional polymer network and has oxidation stability, flame retardancy, thermal stability, and excellent lithium ion conductivity. In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a gel polymer electrolyte including a cross-linked polymer having a thiol-ene structure, wherein the thiol-ene structure is formed by a click reaction of a thiol group of a thiol compound containing at least four reactive thiol groups per molecule and an acrylic group of a fluorinated polyether diacrylate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antibody screening kit equipped with a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-embedded nanodisc, and a method for screening an antibody drug, using same.

Abstract: Embodiments provide an organic compound, an organic ligand, an optoelectronic device including the organic compound or the organic ligand, an electronic apparatus including the optoelectronic device, an electronic equipment including the electronic apparatus, and an organic semiconductor thin film including the organic compound or the organic ligand.

Abstract: Proposed are a composition for controlling Frankliniella occidentalis by oral feeding, in which a dsRNA specific to V-ATPase in Frankliniella occidentalis is formulated into a liposomal form and a method of controlling Frankliniella occidentalis using the same. The composition contains a dsRNA specific to V-ATPase in Frankliniella occidentalis and a carrier to formulate the dsRNA in a liposomal form, in which Frankliniella occidentalis is controlled by oral feeding. When orally feeding the composition to larvae and adults of Frankliniella occidentalis, the dsRNA is prevented from being degraded by dsRNase in the intestinal lumen of insects. Therefore, with the maintained RNAi effect, the corresponding gene expression can be effectively inhibited, thereby exhibiting excellent insecticidal effects. In addition, excellent control effects are obtainable by oral feeding, a simple method involving a process of spraying the composition onto host plants attacked by Frankliniella occidentalis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a peptide having dentin-regenerating activity and the use thereof. The peptide of the present invention promotes the behavior of dental pulp cells, including attachment, spreading and migration of dental pulp cells, and promotes the differentiation of dental pulp cells into odontoblasts. The peptide of the present invention may be used as an active ingredient of a dental material related to tooth restoration and dentin regeneration, for example, a root canal filling material or a pulp-capping agent, and may also be used for the treatment and prevention of dental pulp disease.

Abstract: A detailed 3-dimensional (3D) object reconstruction method, executed by a computing device, may comprise: obtaining Laplacian coordinates with local details and direction and size information for of curvatures on a 3D surface defined by an input point cloud; and converting the Laplacian coordinates to absolute coordinates using a mesh for the 3D surface and Laplacian coordinates for each vertex of the mesh and a Laplace-Beltrami operator.

Abstract: There are provided a compound having a thermotropic liquid crystalline structure and a polyethylene glycol polymer. The compound is obtained by modifying an epoxide functional group in a thermotropic liquid crystalline molecule. The polyethylene glycol polymer is obtained by ring-opening polymerization thereof. The polyethylene glycol main chain polymer is easy to form in thin film, bulk, or fiber form, and has a high thermal conductivity and thus can be used alone or in the form of a composite material as a heat-dissipating polymer.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node in a communication system may include the steps of: transmitting to a second communication node a first sensing signal through a plurality of reference frequencies included in a first reference frequency set that is set within a first sensing frequency band for a first sensing procedure; receiving a first feedback signal from the second communication node that has received the first sensing signal; identifying information on a first frequency band selected from among a plurality of split frequency bands included in the first sensing frequency band, on the basis of the first feedback signal; and triggering a second sensing procedure in a second sensing frequency band that is determined on the basis of the identified first frequency band.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a stretchable self-healing resistive random-access memory and a manufacturing method thereof, which implements the characteristics of a non-volatile resistive random-access memory by fabricating a composite film having a concentration gradient of a conductive metal formed therein in a way of mixing self-healing stretchable polymer and conductive metal powder, adjusting the concentration, and drying the mixture, so that one side has conductive properties and the other side has insulating properties, and then laminating the fabricated composite film.

Abstract: A method for spatial analysis of leaf images is disclosed which includes acquiring one or more leaf images of plants, generating 3-dimensional (3D) images from the acquired one or more images from spectral heatmaps, identifying a stem and a plurality of veins, identifying i) one or more of valleys and ridges as regions between two consecutive veins from the plurality of veins, or ii) one or more of peaks and valleys as regions between two consecutive veins from the plurality of veins in the one or more generated 3D images, calculating average slopes in the generated 3D images between i) one or more of peak-to-valley, or ii) ridge-to-valley for the veins, calculating a nitrogen index based on the calculated average slopes, if the calculated average slope is between two thresholds, communicate to a user to add a predetermined chemical to the plants.

Abstract: The discovery of a clear correlation between the Anderson localization length and the dispersion properties of highly localized TALOF modes allowed us to demonstrate that the zero dispersion wavelength can be tuned over more than 300 nm within the same fiber by selected excitation of specific modes. This enabled apparatus and methods for generating tunable, multi-octave-spanning supercontinuum (SC) spectra in a bandwidth from 460 nm to 1750 nm. Associated applications are also presented.

Abstract: A two dimensional (2D) semiconductor transistor includes a gate electrode, a gate insulating film provided on the gate electrode, a 2D semiconductor layer provided on the gate insulating film and provided in a hetero-junction structure having a staggered band gap, a source electrode and a drain electrode provided on the 2D semiconductor layer and disposed to be spaced apart from each other. The 2D semiconductor layer includes a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer having mutually different electrical characteristics and at least partially overlapped with each other, and one of the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer is lightly doped with dopants.

Abstract: An apparatus and method with in-memory computing (IMC) is provided. An apparatus includes a memory including rows; a self-timed circuit including sub-circuits corresponding to the respective rows, and operates asynchronously with a clock; and a control circuit configured to control the self-timed circuit. Based on input to a first sub-circuit being a first value, the first sub-circuit skips accessing a first row of memory, corresponding to the first sub-circuit and transfer a first output signal received from a first neighboring sub-circuit, to a second neighboring sub-circuit among the sub-circuits. Based on input to the first sub-circuit being a second value, the first sub-circuit accesses the first row of memory, performs an operator-based operation on the second value and weights stored in the first row, generates a second output signal based on the performed operation, and transfers the second output signal to the second neighboring sub-circuit.