Abstract: An isothiocyanate functional surfactant, wherein the protonated form of the surfactant includes the structure of formula (IA): wherein R1 includes the structure of formula (IIA), (IIIA), or (IVA), wherein X includes an integer ranging from approximately 0 to approximately 20, wherein R2 comprises a linear or branched aliphatic group containing approximately 8 to approximately 25 carbon atoms, and wherein R3 comprises an aliphatic or aromatic group containing approximately 1 to approximately 20 carbon atoms and at least one—N?C?S group.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to modified glucagon molecules. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a glucagon molecule that includes one or more modified amino acids, e.g., phosphorylation and/or sulfation, to result in the glucagon molecule being soluble at a substantially neutral pH and resistant to fibrillation.

Abstract: Methods for inducing an immune response against Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in HIV-infected subjects undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) are described. The methods include administering an adenovirus vector primer vaccine and a modified vaccinia virus (MVA) vector booster vaccine encoding mosaic HIV antigens.

Abstract: A thin film valve includes at least one chamber for storing a fluid required for biological/chemical analysis, a plurality of chamber for performing a biological/biochemical reaction, or connecting, at least one chamber performing the biological or biochemical reaction to enable a movement of the fluid flow, a flow path arranged to communicate with the hole on the flow path, a thin film closing membrane for closing the fluid hole, a thin film valve including the hole and the fluid hole closing membrane, a multilayered plurality of substrates forming the fluid path, the fluid hole and the chamber, a rotatable disk forming the fluid path, fluid hole, the plurality of chambers, a heat generator, laser beam generator heating the thin film valves, a light detector for detecting amount of light passing through the membrane and closing the fluid hole, and a feedback controller for controlling the focusing actuator.

Abstract: An active content playback apparatus according to the present invention includes a storage storing active content including an active content header, embedded content, and an engine code, and a player program for executing the content; a memory temporarily storing data and program; and a central processing unit loading the active content into the memory according to an execution request for the active content and controlling an execution through a process of the player program of the embedded content loaded into the memory by executing the engine code included in the active content.

Abstract: A duty cycle corrector includes a delay chain, an edge detector, a falling edge shift (FES) controller, a plurality of falling edge modulator (FEM) cores, and a phase interpolator. The delay chain delays a first clock to generate a delay clock, and generates first and second sampling control signals. The edge detector samples the first clock and a second clock using the first and second sampling control signals to obtain first and second sampling signals. The FES controller determines a modulation direction and a modulation width based on the first and second sampling signals. The plurality of FEM cores first modulate the first edge of the first clock and second modulate the first edge of the delay clock using the modulation direction and the modulation width. The phase interpolator performs phase interpolation on the results of the first and second modulations.

Abstract: A method of applying proof of lottery to select block forgers in a blockchain, comprising performing the following at a certain one of a plurality of computing nodes connected to a blockchain network: (1) transmitting one or more of a plurality of participation transactions submitted by at least some of the plurality of computing nodes for participating in selection process conducted to select forgers from the plurality of computing nodes to forge blocks to be added to the blockchain; (2) determining a respective forger, during each selection process, by applying a selection function to an outcome of a hash function and a plurality of participation transactions extracted from a first subset of blocks preceding the respective block, the hash function is applied to a second subset of blocks preceding the respective block; and (3) forging the respective block in case the certain computing node is selected as the respective forger.

Abstract: Directed bioadhesion coatings, methods of forming directed bioadhesion coatings, and methods of directing bioadhesion are provided. In particular, methods of forming directed bioadhesion coatings include providing a substrate having a graft monomer layer on a surface thereof, selectively removing discrete portions of the graft monomer layer to expose the substrate surface, polymerizing any remaining portions of the graft monomer layer via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization with a RAFT chain transfer agent to form a plurality of graft polymers, and simultaneously with polymerizing the remaining graft monomer layer, grafting the plurality of graft polymers to the substrate to form a chemical pattern on the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for screening protein-protein interaction inhibitors using a nanopore, a method for analyzing protein structures, a method for analyzing protein-protein interactions, and a kit therefor.

Abstract: A method of predicting nitrogen dioxide emission from an engine may include an initial nitrogen dioxide formation prediction operation of predicting an amount of nitrogen dioxide which is originally formed in the engine using a nitrogen dioxide formation model by an electronic control unit (ECU) while engine combustion is underway, a nitrogen dioxide reduction prediction operation of determining an amount of nitrogen dioxide which is reduced to nitrogen monoxide using a reverse reaction of the nitrogen dioxide formation model by the ECU based on the amount of formed nitrogen dioxide in the initial nitrogen dioxide formation prediction operation, and a final nitrogen dioxide emission determination operation of determining an amount of nitrogen dioxide which is ultimately generated by the engine by the ECU based on a difference between the amount of formed nitrogen dioxide and the amount of reduced nitrogen dioxide.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials related to treating renal cell carcinoma. For example, methods and materials for assessing a cancer patient (e.g., a renal cell carcinoma patient) for tumor or peritumoral tissue containing CD14+ cells and proceeding with a cancer treatment option (e.g., a renal cell carcinoma treatment option) based on the presence, absence, or level of CD14+ cells present within the tumor or peritumoral tissue are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the structure: for use in combination with an anti-tuberculosis drug for treating a subject infected with M. tuberculosis.

Abstract: A feeding and weight resistance apparatus for an animal that includes a platform configured to move in response to lifting force exerted by the animal onto the platform; a food repository configured to store food; and a feeding interface. The feeding interface may be configured to: impair food to be dispensed in response to retrieval force exerted by the animal, and regulate food dispensed from the food repository for a predetermined duration in response to the lifting force exerted by the animal toward the platform. A method of feeding and applying weight resistance for an animal. A method of diagnosing or evaluating an animal using the feeding and weight lifting apparatus and method for the study and application in the field of biomedicine, including but not limited thereto, the field of exercise physiology.

Abstract: Malignant tumors that are resistant to conventional therapies represent significant therapeutic challenges. An embodiment of the present invention provides an oncolytic virus capable of killing target cells, such as tumor cells. In various embodiments presented herein, the oncolytic viruses described herein are suitable for treatment of several types of cancer, including glioblastoma.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods relating to the expansion of memory NK cells.

Abstract: Described is the efficient and robust generation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The protocols provided recapitulate the major steps of oligodendrocyte differentiation, from neural stem cells to OLIG2+progenitors, and then to 04+ OPCs, in a significantly shorter time than the 120-150 days required by previous protocols. Furthermore, 04+ OPCs are able to differentiate into MBP+mature oligodendrocytes in vitro, and to myelinate axons in vivo when injected into immuno-compromised Shiverer mice, providing proof of concept that transplantation of PSC-derived cells for remyelination is technically feasible.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to iterative regularized reconstruction methods. In certain embodiments, the methods incorporate locally-weighted total variation denoising to suppress artifacts induced by PSF modeling. In certain embodiments, the methods are useful for suppressing ringing artifacts while contrast recovery is maintained. In certain embodiments, the weighting scheme can be extended to noisy measures introducing a noise-independent weighting scheme. The present disclosure is also directed to a method for quantifying radioligand binding in a subject without collecting arterial blood. In certain embodiments, the methods incorporate using imaging data and electronic health records to predict one or more anchors, which are used to generate an aterial input function (AIF) for the radioligand.

Abstract: A pre-5th-generation (5G) or 5G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond 4th-generation (4G) communication system, such as a long term evolution (LTE), is provided. A method for performing a beamforming operation in a communication system supporting a frequency division-multiple input multiple output (FD-MIMO) scheme is provided. The method includes detecting a rough beam of a first dominant beam, detecting at least two codeword candidates based on the rough beam of the first dominant beam, and selecting one of the at least two codeword candidates as a final codeword.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a sensor packaging according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes: forming a via hole penetrating a main substrate by etching each of both surfaces of the main substrate; forming an insulating layer on a wall surface of the via hole and the both surfaces of the main substrate; combining a sub-substrate on which a metallic seed layer and a bonding layer having a pattern for exposing a part of the seed layer are laminated with the main substrate; forming a filling layer configured to cover an upper surface of the main substrate by filling metal in the via hole; and removing the sub-substrate from the main substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). Exemplary embodiment of the present invention provide a scheme for reducing feedback overhead when quantizing and feeding back channel state information in a MIMO system. A method for operating a receiver in a MIMO system, according to one embodiment of the present invention, includes the steps of: performing trellis coded quantization for channel information by using a codebook selected from a plurality of codebooks; and transmitting, to a transmitter, feedback information including the quantization result.