Abstract: A persalt activator or salt thereof which is derived from an imidocarboyxlic acid or sulimidocarboxylic acid of the formula I: ##STR1## in which A is a group of the formula ##STR2## n is the number 0, 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -alkenyl, aryl, or alkylaryl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or a group of the formula --SO.sub.3 M, --CO.sub.2 M or --OSO.sub.3 M,X is C.sub.1 -C.sub.19 -alkylene or arylene,B is a group of the formula C.dbd.O or SO.sub.2, andL is a leaving group.

Abstract: In a method for preparing 3-nitrobenzene sulphonic acid chloride from nitrobenzene and chlorosulphonic acid, nitrobenzene is reacted with chlorosulphonic acid at approximately 90.degree. to approximately 120.degree. C. and an inorganic acid chloride is then allowed to act on the resultant reaction mixture at approximately 40.degree. to approximately 90.degree. C.

Abstract: Specific ester products obtainable by esterifying a selected polyethylene glycol with a dicarboxylic acid in a molar ratio of 1:0.25 to 1 are described. The novel ester compounds are efficient and easily biodegradable spin finishes.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing directly spinnable polymer solutions containing as fiber-forming substance polymers containing at least 95 mol %, based on the polymer, of the recurring structural unit of the formula I[--CO--R.sup.1 --CO--NH--R.sup.2 --NH--] (I)and up to 5 mol % of structural units as formed in the conversion/reaction of aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dicarbonyl dichlorides and/or diamines. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently of each other 1,6-naphthylene, 1,7-naphthylene, 2,7-naphthylene, 3,4'-biphenyldiyl or 1,3-phenylene. The polymers prepared by reacting diamines of the formula (II) with dicarbonyl dichlorides of the formula (III) in solutionH.sub.2 N--R.sup.2 --NH.sub.2 (II)ClOC--R.sup.1 --COCl (III)The process contains the steps ofa) presenting the diamines as initial charge in the form of a solution in N-methylpyrrolidone,b) adding the dicarbonyl dichlorides to this solution,c) using starting monomers having a purity of greater than 99.

Abstract: Building material products, such as, for example, jointing compounds, adhesives, emulsion paints, synthetic plasters, fillers and the like, comprising a mixture ofa) at least 10% by weight, in particular 10 to 99% by weight, of a water-soluble natural polymer and derivatives thereof,b) 1 to 89% by weight of an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of a crosslinked polyacrylate which, if desired, is grafted with a starch, andc) 0 to 60% by weight of a water-soluble alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of arylsulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensation products or of a sulfo-modified melamine/formaldehyde polycondensation product.

Abstract: Water-soluble anthraquinone compounds, preparation thereof, and use thereof as dyes.There are described anthraquinone compounds conforming to the formula (1) ##STR1## where A is the radical of a sulfo-containing anthraquinone radical,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently of the other hydrogen or lower alkyl,X is an alkali-detachable radical, such as fluorine and chlorine,R is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, andM is hydrogen or an alkali metal.The anthraquinone compounds have fiber-reactive properties and are used as dyes for dyeing and printing hydroxy- and/or carboxamido-containing material, in particular fiber material, for example cellulose fiber materials, wool and synthetic polyamide, in brilliant blue shades.

Abstract: Disazo compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are a hydrogen or halogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkoxycarbonyl, nitro, cyano or trifluoromethyl group and the rings A, B, C and D independently of one another are unsubstituted or contain one or more substituents from the group comprising C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -carbalkoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkanoyl, benzoyl, acyloxy, acylamino, unsubstituted or N-mono- or N,N-disubstituted carbamoyl or unsubstituted or N-mono- or N,N-disubstituted sulfamoyl, possible substituents being C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or mono- to trisubstituted phenyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino or phenylamino; C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Preparation of vulcanizable rubber mixtures and vulcanized compounds thereof having improved adhesion to reinforcing supports based on steel cord and textile fibers, in which effective amounts of modified novolaks are added to the rubber mixtures as adhesion promotors, which are prepared by simultaneous reaction of polyhydric phenols with aldehydes and unsaturated hydrocarbons with acid catalysis at elevated temperature and do not contain any troublesome proportions of free starting phenols. Rubber mixtures according to the invention can be processed in an easy advantageous manner without liberating toxic substances which might be detrimental to persons working in processing and/or to the environment.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved Pd/K/Au, Pd/K/Ba and Pd/K/Cd supported catalysts, their preparation and their use for the preparation of vinyl acetate from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen in the gas phase. The stated catalysts are prepared by atomizing a solution of corresponding metal salts by means of ultrasonics and then applying them in such limited amounts and within such a limited time to the carrier particles, and beginning to dry them, so that the catalytically active metal salts cannot penetrate into the carrier particles as far as the core but only into a larger or smaller outer part.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of oxyalkylated fatty amines and fatty amines of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which A is a radical of the formula (II)-(V) ##STR2## in which R is C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 -alkyl, x is a number from 5 to 40,y is a number from 5 to 70 and z is 0-70% by weight of ethylene oxide, based on compounds of the formula (I) having x ethylene oxide units and y propylene oxide units, as demulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors and/or pour point depressants in crude oils.

Abstract: Modified acid polyesters obtained by reaction of polyols with unsaturated polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof and conjugated dienoic acids. These products are suitable as curing agents for epoxy resins, in particular for curing tin can finishes.

Abstract: The demands on the properties of pigments, in particular in the fields of emulsion paints and printing inks, which constantly become more specific have made it necessary to develop selective and environmentally friendly dispersing, emulsifying and coupling auxiliaries.The compounds according to the invention are esterification and/or arylation products prepared from natural or modified castor oil or ricinoleic acids, which products are alkoxylated and, if desired, linked by esterification with dicarboxylic acids to give recurring structural units. If desired, the terminal hydroxyl groups of these modified alkoxylates of castor oil fatty substances have been esterified with fatty acids, aromatic carboxylic acids and/or resin acids and any free hydroxyl groups which may be present have preferably been reacted with dicarboxylic acids and sulfite to give the corresponding monoesters containing anionic radicals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying fatty acid amides, which contains the following process steps:neutralization of the fatty acid by addition of an aqueous alkaline solution andsubsequent distillation of the neutralized mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stable granules comprising active substance, granulating auxiliary, enveloping substance and if appropriate additional components, wherein the enveloping substance in each case comprisesa) silicon dioxide particles orb) homopolymers of unsaturated sulfonic acids orc) copolymers of unsaturated sulfonic acids and unsaturated carboxylic acids ord) homopolymers of (meth)acrylic acid esters ore) copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid esters and unsaturated carboxylic acids orf) mixtures of one or more of these constituents.

Abstract: Oil-soluble, phenolic resin-modified natural resinic acid esters, which are able to form self-gelling mineral oil solutions and in the form of gel varnishes can advantageously be used as binder resins in printing inks for offset printing and letterpress printing, and also processes for their preparation from natural resins, phenols, aldehydes, condensation catalyst, esterifying agents and modifiers by reaction of the components at temperatures in the range from 80.degree. to 300.degree. C., individual components preferably being initially introduced and the other components being metered in, the combined use of a magnesium compound as condensation catalyst and the continuous removal of the water of reaction during the condensation reaction by azeotropic distillation with co-use of an inert organic solvent as distillative entraining agent being necessary and decisive for the self-gelling property of the process product.

Abstract: Water-soluble fiber-reactive disazo compounds of the formula (1) given and defined below are described, which compounds serve as dyes for dyeing and printing hydroxy- and/or carboxamido-containing material, in particular fiber material, such as wool and synthetic polyamide and, in particular, cellulose fiber materials, such as cotton. ##STR1## In this formula M is hydrogen or an alkali metal, the groups Y--SO.sub.2 -- and --SO.sub.2 --Y.sup.0 are fiber-reactive groups from the vinylsulfone series, m is 1 or 2, n is zero or 1, R is a group of the formula (2) or (3) ##STR2## in which R.sup.A is lower alkyl which may be substituted, or is phenyl which may be substituted by sulfo, carboxy, lower alkyl and/or lower alkoxy, X is chlorine, fluorine, hydroxy, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy or alkoxy of 3 to 8 carbon atoms whose alkyl radical is interrupted by --O--, --NH--, --CO--NH-- or --NH--CO--, or is benzyloxy, sulfomethoxy, .beta.

Abstract: A process for dyeing textile fiber materials with water-soluble dyestuffs, in particular anionic dyestuffs, and of these in particular those having a fiber-reactive group, in which the dyeing is carried out using low-electrolyte or entirely electrolyte-free and/or low-alkali or entirely alkali-free dye liquors or printing pastes and a fiber material which has been modified with a silane compound containing amino groups is used as the textile material. The fiber material is modified by applying the silane compound containing amino groups to the material in aqueous solution and subjecting the impregnated material to a heat treatment. Novel silane compounds which contain a secondary amino group and can likewise be employed for the purpose mentioned are furthermore described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nonionic, flowable pearlescent dispersions which comprise 5 to 30% by weight of a fatty acid glycol ester of the formula I as a pearlescence-forming agent, 0.1-20% by weight of a nonionic surfactant of the formula II and water in the amount lacking to make up 100% by weight.

Abstract: In the process for the preparation of pure trioxane by continuous or semicontinuous crystallization processes, if alkaline organic compounds are added no flocks appear after more than 120 hours of operation. As a result, blockage of the crystallization unit is prevented and problem-free running is made possible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose ethers which contain a sulfoalkyl group as a further substituent, to a process for the preparation of these cellulose ethers and to building material mixtures which are based on gypsum, hydrated lime or cement and contain alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose ethers containing sulfoalkyl groups.