Abstract: A new monomer is used to prepare homo or copolymers containing blocked imide groups which are characterized by deblocking in two stages, first when acid catalyzed and thereafter in aqueous alkaline solutions. Such polymers are, therefore, especially useful in formulating positive photoresist compositions. The polymers are combined with a latent photoacid, which when exposed to actinic radiation removes the acid sensitive blocking moiety, preferably an acetal or ketal group, leaving a methylol group or substituted methylol group remaining attached to the nitrogen atom, which groups are subsequently removed by exposure to aqueous alkaline developing solutions, leaving only imide groups, ##STR1## The new monomer is a derivative of maleimide in which the imide hydrogen has been replaced with a methylol group, which is subsequently reacted to form an acetal or ketal. Preferred monomers include N-(2,4-dioxa-3,3-dimethylpentyl)-2H,5H-2,5-dioxopyrrole and related compounds.

Abstract: Poly(4-hydroxystyrene) is prepared by aqueous suspension polymerization of 4-acetoxystyrene monomer followed by hydrolysis with ammonium hydroxide.

Abstract: Polyarylene sulfide molding compositions are provided with improved mold release properties by the inclusion of an internal lubricant comprising pentaerythritol tetrastearate.

Abstract: Polyarylates formed by reacting the diester of a dihydric phenol such as bisphenol-A and at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid in the presence of an esterification catalyst is provided with improved color by the addition of cobalt during polymerization. The amount of cobalt can be reduced and an additional amount of an ultramarine blue pigment can be added to the reaction mixture to maintain the color improvement.

Abstract: Improved polyarylate color is achieved by dissolving in the polyarylate-forming reaction mixture a cobalt salt of an ester of a C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 aliphatic or iso-aliphatic hydrocarbon. The cobalt salt is preferably predissolved prior to addition to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Liquid chromatography separations of solutes are achieved using porous hollow fibers. The pores of the hollow fibers immobilize a solute-absorbing phase (preferably organic) which has a greater absorbance affinity towards at least one solute in a mixture of solutes. By passing the solute mixture through the central lumen of the hollow fibers, chromatographic separation are realized due to the greater retention time of that solute with which the immobilized phase has greater absorbance affinity. The immobilized phase may be a liquid organic which may contain a surfactant so as to form reversed micelles or it may be in the form of a polymeric gel. Separations of biological species (e.g., proteins) may thus be accomplished by means of the present invention.

Abstract: Aqueous stripper compositions comprising aqueous emulsions of trioxane have been found to be effective for stripping coatings from surfaces. The composition typically contains water, trioxane, a surfactant and optionally a mixture of cosolvents comprising an aliphatic alcohol, an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and an aromatic hydrocarbon or minimally hetero-substituted derivative thereof. The amount of the organic cosolvent is limited to about 30 wt. % to provide a stripper composition which is less volatile and more biodegradable than conventional stripper compositions.

Abstract: Oriented polyester film primer coated in-line with a hydrolyzed aminosilane is discovered. The aminosilanes in the unhydrolyzed state have the formula:(R.sup.1).sub.a Si(R.sup.2).sub.b (R.sup.3).sub.cwherein R.sup.1 is a functional group with at least one primary amino group; R.sup.2 is a hydrolyzeable group such as a lower alkoxy group, an acetoxy group, or a halide; and R.sup.3 is a nonreactive, nonhydrolyzeable group such as a lower alkyl or a phenyl group; with (a) being greater than or equal to 1; (b) being greater than or equal to 1; (c) being greater than or equal to zero; and with a+b+c=4. The hydrolyzed aminosilane is applied to the film as an aqueous solution at any suitable stage during manufacture of the film, i.e., before, or during, or after the stretching operation, but prior to heat setting the film. The resultant primed polyester film is found to exhibit excellent adhesion to other polymeric materials.

Abstract: N-acetyl-para-aminophenol is prepared by subjecting 4-hydroxyacetophenone oxime to a Beckmann rearrangement in the presence of a thionyl chloride catalyst and an alkyl alkanoate as the reaction solvent. An integrated process is disclosed wherein 4-hydroxyacetophenone is reacted with a hydroxyl amine salt and a base to obtain the ketoxime of the ketone, e.g., 4-hydroxyacetophenone oxime, extracting the ketoxime product from the reaction with alkanoate ester and subjecting the ketoxime dissolved in the ester to a Beckmann rearrangement in the presence of a thionyl chloride catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to positive working photosensitized sheet constructions which, upon exposure to an actinic radiation source through a screened image, can accurately reproduce said image. The construction is useful as a color proofing film which can be employed to predict the image quality from a lithographic printing process.

Abstract: The invention provides a positive working photosensitive element with improved odor and increased photospeed which comprises coating a formulation containing at least one novolak or polyvinyl phenol resin, at least one o-quinone diazide and a solvent mixture comprising propylene glycol alkyl ether and propylene glycol alkyl ether acetate, onto a substrate, drying, exposing to imaging energy and developing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radiation polymerizable composition for use in a photographic element such as a lithographic printing plate comprising in admixture(a) a polymeric binder;(b) a photoinitiator;(c) a diazonium salt; and(d) a photopolymerizable mixture of(i) a polyfunctional acrylic monomer having from 3 to 6 unsaturated groups; and(ii) a monofunctional acrylic monomer having 1 unsaturated group.

Abstract: A photopolymerization initiator composition is disclosed. The composition is comprised of 1,4 or 9,10 dimethoxyanthracene and 2-tri(chloro or bromo)methyl-4(1H)-quinazolinone. The initiator composition is useful in preparing photopolymerizable compositions having increased effective photospeed.

Abstract: A novel polyacetal resin blend provides for dimensionally stable rib-reinforced tubular bodies upon injection molding of the blend. The blend comprises a major proportion of an oxymethylene copolymer having a melt index of 27.0 grams/10 minutes and a minor proportion of an oxymethylene copolymer having a melt index of 9.0 grams/10 minutes to provide hydrolytic stability to the molded article. Each of the oxymethylene copolymers are formed from recurring oxymethylene units interspersed with alkylene oxide units in which the alkylene group contains at least two adjacent carbon atoms. The blend is particularly useful in forming cigarette lighter bodies.

Abstract: Sodipotassic copper tube silicate species of the family Na.sub.2--2x K.sub.2x CuSi.sub.4 O.sub.10 are synthesized by combining, with an organo silicate at essentially room temperature, stoichiometric amounts of a copper salt, and at least one salt of potassium and sodium, in an aqueous alcohol solution to form a gel. The gel is then sintered at elevated temperature and for a time sufficient to form a crystalline specie of Na.sub.2--2x K.sub.2x CuSi.sub.4 O.sub.10.

Abstract: A photo polymerization initiator composition is disclosed. The composition is comprised of an organic peroxide or perester in admixture with 9-phenyl acridine, or phenazine initiator compound. The initiator composition is useful in preparing photopolymerizable compositions having increased effective photospeed.

Abstract: Heat resistant, shapable, hydroxy and/or alkoxy-substituted polyamides derived from at least one diamine selected from unsubstituted and substituted 4,4'-bis[2-(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoroisopropyl)]diphenyl ether 4,4'-bis-[2-(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoroisopropyl]diphenyl ether and a dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof e.g. its acid halo or ester. The polyamides of the invention may be thermally cured to form polybenzoxazoles of higher heat resistance which are stable to hydrolytic, chemical and radiation attack.The polyamides of the invention may be formed into shaped articles by molding, extrusion and solvent casting processes preferably in the presence of a solvent or diluent and then optionally converted into heat resistant, insoluble polybenzoxazoles. These shaped articles are useful in aircraft, electronic and other commercial applications where heat, chemical and radiation resistance are desired in conjunction with good mechanical and electrical properties.

Abstract: Trickle bed reactors are prone to channelling, flooding, and similar flow problems. It has been found that these problems can be avoided by the use of a microporous membrane to separate a reactant fluid phase from a catalysis fluid phase surrounding a catalyst bed. An advantage of such a reactor is that the fluid flows can be separately controlled. An apparatus useful as a trickle bed reactor can include a plurality of microporous hollow fibers arranged in a shell-and-tube configuration within a housing. Such an apparatus is operated with a reactant fluid phase flowing through the fibers and with a catalyst bed on the shell-side of the arrangement.

Abstract: Oriented polyester film primer coated with a hydrolyzed aminosilane IS disclosed. The aminosilanes in the unhydrolyzed state have the formula:(R.sup.1).sub.a Si(R.sup.2).sub.b (R.sup.3).sub.cwherein R.sup.1 is a functional group with at least one primary amino group; R.sup.2 is a hydrolyzeable group such as a lower alkoxy group, an acetoxy group, or a halide; and R.sup.3 is a nonreactive, nonhydrolyzeable group such as a lower alkyl or a phenyl group; with (a) being greater than or equal to 1; (b) being greater than or equal to 1; (c) being greater than or equal to zero; and with a+b+c=4. The preferred silane is N-beta-(aminoethyl)-gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane having the formula:H.sub.2 N(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OCH.sub.3).sub.3.The hydrolyzed aminosilane is applied to the film as an aqueous solution at any suitable stage during manufacture of the film, i.e., before or during the stretching operation, or it may also be applied to the finished film.

Abstract: A photographic element formed from a substrate and light sensitive coating on the substrate wherein the coating comprises a mixture of a diazo compound and an aromatic carboxylic coupling agent having phenolic hydroxy groups, in an acidic medium.