Abstract: A process for the preparation of phosphorous acid from phosphites contained in industrial wastes, wherein the waste material is dissolved in an aqueous solution of phosphorous acid and reacted with a strong mineral acid that will remove the cation of the phosphite producing phosphorus acid. An alternative method for preparation is the passage of the solution of phosphite in phosphorus acid through a cation ion exchange resin to produce phosphorous acid. A typical industrial waste containing phosphites is the waste that occurs from the process of manufacturing sodium hypophosphite.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymer blends having improved hydrolytic stability which comprise, in admixture, (1) a linear aromatic polyester of monomer residues consisting essentially of residues of a dicarboxylic acid and a bisphenol, and (2) a SAN polymer.

Abstract: A polymer blend capable of being molded to an impact resistant, substantially transparent or translucent article which comprises a vinyl halide homopolymer or copolymer, a conventional impact resistance enhancing polymer agent for polyvinyl halide wherein the monomer units consist essentially of methyl methacrylate, 1,3-butadiene and styrene residues and a thermoplastic block elastomer wherein the essential and predominant monomer units are the residue of a mono-alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon and the residue of an alkadiene hydrocarbon. The thermoplastic elastomer is normally incompatible with the vinyl halide polymer or copolymer. The vinyl halide polymer or copolymer constitutes the major proportion of said blend and the block and methacrylate polymers together constitute a minor proportion of the composition. The weight ratio of block polymer to methacrylate polymer is about 1:5 to about 5:1.

Abstract: Linear aromatic polyesters of bisphenols and dicarboxylic compounds are prepared by transesterification polymerization in either a fully continuous process or in a semi-continuous process wherein a first stage is conducted batchwise and a second stage is conducted in a continuous manner wherein the second stage employs a wiped film reactor. The processes are preferably conducted in the presence of a catalyst in liquid form, and further under conditions wherein the catalyst is introduced to the polymerization concurrent with the introduction of liquid phase reactants to avoid substantial heating of the reactants in contact with the catalyst prior to onset of the transesterification reaction. The products of the processes have an unexpectedly low polydispersity.

Abstract: A method of removing hydrogen fluoride from gaseous mixtures of hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride, which contain up to about 5 percent by weight of hydrogen fluoride, is described. The method comprises initially contacting the gaseous mixture with a particulate, substantially anhydrous, bed of alkaline earth metal chloride material, for example, calcium chloride, to produce an effluent gas mixture having a substantially reduced hydrogen fluoride content. The effluent gas is then contacted with a secondary treatment bed of particulate, substantially anhydrous, alkaline earth metal chloride material, for example, calcium chloride, to produce a product gas containing less than 20 ppm of hydrogen fluoride. The temperature of the secondary treatment bed is maintained in the range from about -20.degree. to about +20.degree. C., and, more preferably, in the range from about 0.degree. to about 5.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for applying an electrical insulating coating onto a ferrous metal surface and the ferrous metal surface with the coating thereon. The insulating coating comprises phosphate and nitrate applied in a thin film of from about 200 mg to about 400 mg coating weight per square foot of ferrous metal surface coated.

Abstract: Markedly superior corrosion protective properties are imparted to metal-bearing surfaces at substantially reduced costs by depositing upon said surfaces one or more superimposed coatings containing zinc alloying elements located intermediate the metal-bearing surfaces and a sacrificial layer of generally pure zinc. In this manner penetration of rust inducing substances into the metal bearing surfaces is effectively precluded under substantially all environmental conditions normally encountered.

Abstract: There is disclosed a diester of a bisphenol having two dicarboxylic acid residues wherein the dicarboxylic acid residues terminate in carboxylic acid ester groups derived from a long chain aliphatic monofunctional hydrocarbon alcohol. Compositions of the diester and a linear aromatic polyester of a bisphenol and dicarboxylic acid are characterized by enhanced processability and enhanced hydrolytic stability compared to the polyester.

Abstract: Novel resin binders for foundry sand molds and cores are provided by reacting a polyol component comprising a phenol ketone resin, a reactive solvent and a cross-linking agent in a solution for these components with a solution of an organic polyisocyanate. The foundry binder cures rapidly at ambient temperature in the presence of a tertiary amine curing agent to provide strong foundry molds and cores. Polyether polyols may also be incorporated in the polyol component of the novel resin binder.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described. A thermosetting molding material, suitably a synthetic resin composition such as a phenolic molding composition, is initially heated and plasticized. The plasticized mass is passed as a stream through an injection nozzle which is maintained at a temperature sufficiently high to keep the mass in a plasticized condition but sufficiently low to avoid any substantial curing or setting-up of the mass. The plasticized mass is next passed through a temperature-controlled manifold maintained at a temperature sufficiently high to keep the mass in a plasticized condition but sufficiently low to avoid any substantial curing or setting-up of the mass. In the manifold the plasticized stream is divided into two or more smaller streams which are passed through a plurality of outlets into a plurality of partially open, heated molds. The mold cavities are maintained at temperatures sufficiently high to cure the thermosetting molding material.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymer blends having improved hydrolytic stability, moldability, fire retardancy and dielectric strength which comprise, in admixture, (1) a linear aromatic polyester prepared from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and bisphenol, and (2) polyphenylene sulfide. Such blends have a weight proportion of the polyphenylene sulfide in the range of above about 5 weight percent to less than about 60 weight percent, based on the admixture of the sulfide polymer and the polyester.

Abstract: A conveying machine for transporting work pieces through a series of work stations including a plurality of work carriers disposed at spaced intervals on a framework and intermittently movable therealong from one station to the next adjacent station. Each work carrier incorporates a vertically movable carriage thereon from which the work pieces are suspended and the carriage is selectively positionable at a fully raised position, a fully lowered position and at least one intermediate position therebetween to provide for a desired treating sequence at one or more treating stations. Each carriage is vertically movable independently of the other carriages and control means are provided for coordinating the transfer movement of the work carriers and the vertical positioning of each carriage at a treating station at the desired elevated position in accordance with a preselected operating sequence.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymer blends having improved hydrolytic stability which comprise, in admixture, (1) a linear aromatic polyester of monomer residues consisting essentially of residues of a dicarboxylic acid and a bisphenol, and (2) an MBS polymer.

Abstract: The process disclosed in this invention takes the waste solids, gases, and water from a phosphorus pentasulfide manufacturing facility and hydrolyzes the phosphorus pentasulfide by heating. The phosphorus portion is converted to a soluble phosphate and the sulfur portion to a mixture of sulfide, sulfite and sulfate. The soluble fraction is then treated with a calcium hydroxide solution precipitating the phosphate and sulfates which are removed. The gaseous portion of the hydrolysis is fed to a catalytic oxidizer which converts the sulfides to sulfur, which is removed and the gas, free of sulfur containing species, is exhausted to the atmosphere. The filtrate from the precipitation reaction can be recycled to the plant, or may be chlorinated and discharged.

Abstract: A bath composition and method for electrodepositing a cobalt-zinc alloy on a conductive substrate which simulates the appearance of a conventional chromium electrodeposit. The bath comprises an aqueous solution having a pH of about 6 to about 9 containing a controlled ratio of cobalt ions and zinc ions and a complexing agent sufficient to maintain the cobalt and zinc ions in solution. The bath and method are particularly adaptable for rack plating articles to impart a decorative bright chromium-like appearance and semi-bright deposits simulating conventional chromium platings.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering HF and HCl in substantially purified form from a gaseous mixture containing HF, HCl and halogenated organic vapors. The process comprises:A. feeding the gaseous mixture to the lower part of a rectification column to provide an upward flow of gases therein, the column having a temperature in the upper part of from about -40.degree. C. to about -85.degree. C., and having a temperature in its lower part in the range of from about -30.degree. C. to about 19.degree. C., the column also having a countercurrent flow of a liquid and a gas,B. withdrawing liquid HF from the bottom of the rectification column,C. withdrawing a gas from the top of the rectification column, and feeding the thus withdrawn gas to a condenser,D. condensing at least a portion of the withdrawn gas of step C to a liquid,E. feeding a portion of the condensed liquid of step D to the upper part of the rectification column, andF. recovering HCl gas from the condenser.

Abstract: A porous polyfluoroalkylene sheet, preferably of polytetrafluoroethylene, which is suitable for use as a stable low voltage separator or diaphragm in an electrolytic cell, such as one employed for the electrolysis of brine, without being subject to an objectionable voltage increase upon use, is of a thickness in the range of about 0.2 to 2 mm., a porosity in the range of about 70 to 90% and of pore sizes within a range up to about one mm. in diameter, with a pore size distribution such that the pores of a diameter about 0.1 micron (or less) are less than 10% of the total pore volume and the volume of those of about one to ten microns is a substantial part, e.g. 50%, of the total pore volume, and with the ratio of the numbers of such pores in the lower size range to those in the upper range being less than about 30. Limiting the 0.

Abstract: A film-coated cathode is provided for the electrolysis of alkali metal halide solutions in the substantial absence of chromium ions. The cathode comprises a conductive substrate, such as titanium, steel, iron, or alloys thereof, coated with an adherent, porous film of a substantially nonconductive material having an average coating thickness of less than about 10.sup.3 microns. The nonconductive, film-forming material is further characterized as being chemically inert in the halate solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel organic compound, (3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-alpha-hydroxyacetic acid, and a process for the preparation thereof comprising the steps of:a. converting (3-trifluoromethyl)-benzotrichloride to the corresponding benzoyl chloride,b. cyanation of the benzoyl chloride to produce the corresponding benzoyl cyanide,c. hydrolyzing the benzoyl cyanide to produce the corresponding keto-acid, andd. hydrogenating the keto-acid to produce (3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-alpha-hydroxyacetic acid.

Abstract: A composition and process are useful for imparting a coating to an iron or steel surface which exhibits decorative and improved electrical and corrosion resistance properties. The composition contains an alkali silicate water-glass, an alkali polyphosphate and insoluble chromic oxide pigment. The composition is applied to the surface by conventional techniques and baked in place.