Abstract: Compounds and methods are described herein that are effective to modulate plant response (e.g., plant susceptibility) to environmentally-induced stress. The compounds and methods described herein advantageously may be used to modulate environmental stress resistance in a wide variety of plants. Environmental stresses include, for example, high light intensity (UV exposure), temperature (e.g., high heat), high soil salinity, and low soil moisture (e.g., drought). As used herein, environmental stresses include any conditions that result in increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and accumulation of ROS in the plant cells. The compounds described herein that are effective to modulate resistance to the stress prevent, directly or indirectly, or increase phosphorylation of Tyr248 of the RACK1A protein.

Abstract: A method, computer program, and computer system is provided for encrypting data or information represented by bits, numbers, used to encode images, text, or audio. For the case of an RGB image encryption applications, the data may be separated into its constituent channels before encryption. In addition to the standard encryption keys, another encryption isokey is generated based on an isounit using an algebraic isofield having a multiplicative identity value different than the number one. On the sender side, each of the channels is encrypted using the standard keys and the generated isokey. On the receiver side, each encrypted channel is decrypted before combining them to obtain the recovered RGB image. In addition to images, the cryptographic algorithm can also be used the encrypt data related to text, audio, and other file types.

Abstract: Covalently linked linear polyethylenimine (PEI) clusters are provided that change conformation depending upon changes in counterion concentrations. The structures may be used for the storage, delivery, and/or transport of substances.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating and detecting coronavirus infection, and in particular embodiments, provides compositions and methods for treating and detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present disclosure also relates to the production of compositions for treating and detecting coronavirus infection, and in particular embodiments, to the production of compositions for treating and detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for preventing and/or treating infection by disrupting interactions at or near the surface of mannosylated pathogens or other pathogens exhibiting carbohydrate-carbohydrate self-interaction, thus enhancing the immune system's ability to recognize and destroy such pathogens. In some forms, carrier molecules are provided to delivering polymers or other molecules capable of disrupting intra-cellular interaction and/or self-interaction of surface markers on cells.

Abstract: A method for treating against, or at least inhibiting or suppressing, the proliferation of an internal ribosome entry site-utilizing virus (IRES-utilizing virus) involves administering a compound, a tautomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in an amount effective for inhibiting replication of the IRES-utilizing virus in cells, wherein the compound is represented by the formula: wherein each R1 is independent of the other and represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro, fluoro and iodo.

Abstract: A method effective in treating a viral infection involves administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound capable of inhibiting expression of at least a portion of a virus genome containing an internal ribosomal entry site, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound has an azole moiety comprising a five member heterocyclic ring containing at least one nitrogen atom, a hydrophobic moiety bonded to the heterocyclic ring of the azole, and a donor/acceptor moiety bonded to the heterocyclic ring having at least one of hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor.

Abstract: A method for treating or mitigating Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms or progression, including administering an effective amount of nicotine to a subject in need thereof, via inhalation using a nicotine inhaler or via nasal spray using a nicotine nasal spray. Significant dose-dependent improvement of all symptoms by nicotine inhaler or nicotine nasal spray is expected. A novel treatment in PD is thus provided.

Abstract: A novel and innovative method of fabricating nanoparticles with reproducible characteristics from batch-to-batch and during scale-up. The method is a dipolymerization-precipitation reaction facilitated by the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for morphological analysis of neural cells may include receiving an immunohistochemistry (IHC) image of one or more neural cells; detecting the one or more neural cells in the IHC image using a first neural network, wherein the detecting includes identifying boundaries of the one or more neural cells; generating a segmentation cell mask using a second neural network based on the identified boundaries of the one or more neural cells; and classifying the one or more neural cells based on the generated segmentation cell mask using a trained classification model.

Abstract: C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin (Hc-TeTx) provides therapeutic effects in motor impairments associated with Parkinson disease (PD), and provides long lasting antidepressant effects, thus useful in treating and mitigating depression, particularly PD-depression co-morbid condition. A method for treating or mitigating depression, including administrating an effective amount of C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin (Hc-TeTx) to a subject in need thereof. A method for treating or mitigating motor impairments associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), including administrating an effective amount of C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin (Hc-TeTx) to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: In some embodiments, apparatuses and methods are provided herein useful for sensing pressure. In some embodiments, miniature housings are manufactured at ends of optical fibers. In some embodiments, a diamond diaphragm is provided on a hollow housing that receives a fiber optic cable and is sealed to form a Fabry-Perot cavity. In some forms, a plurality of sensors may be manufactured in batch.

Abstract: A combinatorial method for treating against, or at least inhibiting or suppressing, the proliferation of an internal ribosome entry site utilizing virus (IRES-utilizing virus) in a host in need of treatment involves administering the host a compound, a tautomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in an amount effective for inhibiting replication of the IRES-utilizing virus in cells, wherein the compound is represented by the formula: wherein each R1 is independent of the other and represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro, fluoro and iodo; and either separately administering another anti-viral drug and/or pro-drug to the anti-viral drug or co-administering the anti-viral drug and/or the pro-drug with the compound, its tautomer, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Abstract: An aerial device is provided. The aerial device includes a processor and a memory that includes instructions configured to cause the processor to perform certain operations when the processor executes the instructions. The operations may include receiving a first signal indicative of a first position of the aerial device. The operations may also include generating, based on the first signal and based on a randomly or pseudo-randomly generated sequence, a second signal configured to actuate flight hardware of the aerial device to a second position.

Abstract: A method, computer program, and computer system is provided for encrypting data or information represented by bits, numbers, used to encode images, text, or audio. For the case of an RGB image encryption applications, the data may be separated into its constituent channels before encryption. In addition to the standard encryption keys, another encryption isokey is generated based on an isounit using an algebraic isofield having a multiplicative identity value different than the number one. On the sender side, each of the channels is encrypted using the standard keys and the generated isokey. On the receiver side, each encrypted channel is decrypted before combining them to obtain the recovered RGB image. In addition to images, the cryptographic algorithm can also be used the encrypt data related to text, audio, and other file types.

Abstract: A method for treating against, or at least inhibiting or suppressing, the proliferation of a cancer involves administering a compound, a tautomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in an amount effective for inhibiting metastasis of cancer cells, wherein the compound is represented by the formula (1): wherein each R1 is independent of the other and represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro, fluoro and iodo.

Abstract: C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin (Hc-TeTx) provides therapeutic effects in motor impairments associated with Parkinson disease (PD), and provides long lasting antidepressant effects, thus useful in treating and mitigating depression, particularly PD-depression co-morbid condition. A method for treating or mitigating depression, including administrating an effective amount of C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin (Hc-TeTx) to a subject in need thereof. A method for treating or mitigating motor impairments associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), including administrating an effective amount of C-terminal domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin (Hc-TeTx) to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Compounds having formulas (I) to (VIII), salts thereof, or combinations thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more these compounds are described herein for the treatment of HIV and neurodegenerative effects caused by HIV. Also provided herein are methods and a kit for inhibiting HIV-1, treating latent HIV in the brain, and preventing HIV-mediated cognitive decline and HIV dementia comprising administering the compounds having the formulas (I) to (VIII) and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds having these formulas. The compounds having formulas I through VIII are curcumin analogs which are advantageously characterized as having anti-retroviral, neuroprotective, anti-glucosidase, and anti-HIV integrase properties. In one aspect, the pharmaceutical composition is delivered intranasally.

Abstract: A system is configured to collect information regarding a user's sleep and to graphically convey sleep factors based on the information to a user. The system can include a control circuit and a sensor that work together configured to generate a first sleep factor. The first sleep factor is associated with the user's sleep episode. A database is communicatively coupled to the control circuit and stores a graphical representation of the user and a second sleep factor, which is defined by the user. The control circuit uses the first and second sleep factors to determine a sleep episode score. Optionally, the control circuit effects conveying the determined sleep episode score to the user via the graphical representation of the user.

Abstract: A method for treating against, or at least inhibiting or suppressing, the proliferation of an internal ribosome entry site-utilizing virus (IRES-utilizing virus) involves administering a compound, a tautomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in an amount effective for inhibiting replication of the IRES-utilizing virus in cells, wherein the compound is represented by the formula: wherein each R1 is independent of the other and represents a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro, fluoro and iodo.