Abstract: The present disclosure relates to proteins comprising a target-binding domain for detection of a target of interest, methods, compositions and kits thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of inhibiting amyloid synthesis in a subject using cyclodextrin and analogs thereof. Small molecules (cyclodextrin) reverse APOE4-associated cholesterol phenotypes and lead to significantly improved myelination both human in vitro cultures and APOE4 targeted replacement mice. This demonstrates that APOE4 alters cholesterol synthesis and transport in oligodendrocytes which impairs myelination. Collectively, this work uncovers a pathogenic role of APOE4 in oligodendrocytes and myelination and enables therapeutic opportunities for Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: An oxygen evolution reaction catalyst is a ternary metal oxide that includes Mn and is represented by MnuSbvOw in the rutile crystal phase and MxMnyOz where M is selected from the group consisting of Ca, Ni, Sr, Zn, Mg, Ni, Ba, Co and where u/(u+v) is greater than 33%.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for transporting and/or harvesting gas from bubbles, as well as associated articles and systems. In some embodiments, transporting and/or harvesting the gas from the bubbles can reduce or prevent the amount of foam that is present within a system. According to certain embodiments, a conduit comprising a porous wall portion can be at least partially submerged into a foam and/or a bubble-containing liquid. The porous wall portion of the conduit can be configured and/or arranged, according to certain embodiments, such that the porous wall portion provides a fluidic pathway through which gas from the bubbles within the liquid may be channeled to a gaseous environment in the interior portion of the conduit. The gas may be transported, according to certain embodiments, along the interior portion of the conduit into an external gaseous environment and/or harvested from the interior portion of the conduit.

Abstract: A photonic parallel network can be used to sample combinatorially hard distributions of Ising problems. The photonic parallel network, also called a photonic processor, finds the ground state of a general Ising problem and can probe critical behaviors of universality classes and their critical exponents. In addition to the attractive features of photonic networks—passivity, parallelization, high-speed and low-power—the photonic processor exploits dynamic noise that occurs during the detection process to find ground states more efficiently.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a reconfigurable phased array and a method for determining the current configuration of a phased array. Certain disclosed embodiments include a reconfigurable phased array including a constellation of antennas configured to receive and transmit radiation towards a far field target. Each of the antennas senses incidental power from the retransmitted radiation from the other antennas of the constellation of antennas. This incidental power may be referred to as mutual coupling. The reconfigurable phased array further includes a computer system configured to: measure the incidental power sensed by the each of the antennas; perform a physical constraint mapping of the constellation of antennas; perform an array shape construction to determine a current position of all the elements based on the physical constraint mapping of the constellation of antennas and the incidental power sensed by each of the antennas.

Abstract: Improved prosthetic valves, their methods of manufacture, and systems and devices for manufacturing the valves are described. The prosthetic valves can be configured for transcatheter implantation. The prosthetic valves can have artificial leaflets. The prosthetic valves can be manufactured in numerous ways, such as by polymeric dipping processes and/or electrospinning. Sponge-like polymers for valves and other medical devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods for an in vitro evolution technique to identify and characterize mutations in the non-structural genes of an alphavirus replicon that increase the strength and persistence of expression of the replicon genome. Also provided herein are in vivo methods for administering to an animal model a mutated alphavirus replicon that codes for a gene of experimental or therapeutic interest in the subgenome of the alphavirus replicon. The mutations identified herein improve the therapeutic potential of self-replicating RNA, which may have implications for cancer immunotherapy and beyond, e.g., for vaccination or gene therapy.

Abstract: A solar fuels generation system includes a first reactor that contains a first solution in which a charge carrier is reduced to a reduced charge carrier. The system also includes a second reactor that contains a second solution in which the reduced charge carrier reduces protons so as to generate hydrogen gas.

Abstract: Disclosed herein include methods, compositions, and systems for extending particle-associated oligonucleotides. In some embodiments, the methods of extending particle-associated oligonucleotides enable efficient methods of preparing a library of barcoded beads. It is also provided, in some embodiments, hydrogel beads degradable upon application of a chemical stimulus that comprise releasably attached oligonucleotides.

Abstract: An injectable formulation for a sustained-release of a local anesthetic is provided. The formulation comprises a pharmaceutically effective amount of a local anesthetic encapsulated into polymeric particles having a diameter from about 1 ?m to about 4 ?m. Such formulation prolongs analgesic effect, decreases toxicity, and allows loading larger doses, and at the same time is injectable directly at a patient's body site of the interest without generating a surgical wound. Methods of use and preparation are also provided.

Abstract: Fermions are the building blocks of matter. Here, we disclose a robust quantum register composed of hundreds of fermionic atom pairs trapped in an optical lattice. With each fermion pair forming a spin-singlet, the qubit is realized as a set of near-degenerate, symmetry-protected two-particle wavefunctions describing common and relative motion. Degeneracy is lifted by the atomic recoil energy, which depends on mass and lattice wavelength, thereby rendering two-fermion motional qubits insensitive to noise of the confining potential. The quantum coherence can last longer than ten seconds. Universal control is provided by modulating interactions between the atoms. Via state-dependent, coherent conversion of free atom pairs into tightly bound molecules, we tune the speed of motional entanglement over three orders of magnitude, yielding 104 Ramsey oscillations within the coherence time.

Abstract: An intraocular lens (IOL) has a small, central lens suspended within a pliable housing and, when the housing is filled with liquid, is coaxially aligned with a second small lens embedded in the wall of the housing. The suspension is on a dome- or other-shaped webbing attached to an inner circumference of the wall. When filled with liquid, forces squeezing or pulling the equator of the housing, as with ciliary muscles in the eye, adjust a distance between the lenses in order to adjust focus. Optional haptics may project from points on or above and below the equator. A recess in the posterior hemisphere of the housing can keep cell growth away from an optical axis of the lens system. A third small lens can be embedded in an opposite wall of the housing and coaxially aligned with the other lenses to form a three-lens, ultra-zoom system.

Abstract: An accommodating intraocular lens (IOL) is formed from an anterior or posterior half molded as a chambered, polymer sack with a mouth opening smaller than its largest width that is mated to another half molded as a pliable bowl having a rim larger than the rest of the half. The resulting shell has a seam that is parallel to and does not cross or touch the equator such that the IOL is asymmetric between its front and back. A circular depression around the optical axis can be made in the anterior and/or posterior half such that a surrounding capsular bag seals against the rim of the depression, and an interior of the depression(s) does not touch the capsular bag.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of computers. Disclosed are a digital currency transaction method and system and a digital currency card application apparatus. A specific embodiment of the method comprises: after receiving a transaction request sent by a second transaction device, a digital currency card application apparatus of a first transaction device acquiring a current power state of the first transaction device; and performing digital currency transaction with the second transaction device according to a transaction rule corresponding to the current power state of the first transaction device. According to the embodiment, the power state of a mobile intelligent terminal can be acquired, and transaction operations of the payment and the receipt on the digital currency in scenarios of power-on with power available, power-off with power available, and power-off without power available can be realized on the basis of the power state of the mobile intelligent device.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, reagents, and methods for producing capped, circular RNA molecules, circularized RNA molecules, and in particular, circularized mRNA molecules encoding a polypeptide such as a therapeutic protein.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides site-selective conjugation of a pharmaceutical agent to an antibody using an affinity peptide. The antibody-pharmaceutical agent conjugates may be useful in treating, preventing, or diagnosing diseases in subjects.

Abstract: The present application relates to hybridization chain reaction (HCR). In particular, compositions and methods are presented for ultrasensitive molecular detection using HCR signal amplification. Some embodiments and methods involve cooperative probe junctions, reporter-labeled probes, and nonlinear HCR signal amplification.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are engineered rhizobia having nif clusters that enable the fixation of nitrogen under free-living conditions, as well as ammonium and oxygen tolerant nitrogen fixation under free-living conditions. Also provided are methods for producing nitrogen for consumption by a cereal crop using these engineered rhizobia.

Abstract: A system for optically modulating a plurality of optical channels includes a power delivery module adapted to convert a coherent light beam into a plurality of optical channels, at least one optical modulator, optically coupled to the power delivery module, the at least one optical modulator adapted to optically modulate each of the plurality of the optical channels, and a vacuum chamber having a trapping plane therein, the vacuum chamber adapted to generate an addressable array of trapped particles at the trapping plane, wherein each of the plurality of optical channels is optically coupled to at least one of the trapped particles of the addressable array.