Abstract: A system for controlling excess bias of a single photon avalanche photo diode (SPAD) is provided. The system includes a power supply, a SPAD, a control circuit and a load. The power supply generates a supply voltage. The SPAD has a first terminal receiving the supply voltage and a second terminal generating an output voltage signal. The control circuit is connected to the second terminal of the SPAD. The load has a first terminal connected to the second terminal of the SPAD, and a second terminal connected to the control circuit for receiving a reset level. The control circuit is capable of monitoring a swing of the output voltage level and generating the reset level in response to the excess bias level and the swing of the output voltage level.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for catalyzing the conversion of an olefin to a compound containing one or more aziridine functional groups using heme enzymes. In certain aspects, the present invention provides a reaction mixture for producing an aziridination product, the reaction mixture comprising of an olefinic substrate, a nitrene precursor, and a heme enzyme. In other certain aspects, the present invention provides a method for producing an aziridination product comprising providing an olefinic substrate, a nitrene precursor, and a heme enzyme; and admixing the components in a reaction for a time sufficient to produce an aziridine product. In other aspects, the present invention provides heme enzymes including variants and fragments thereof that are capable of carrying out in vivo and in vitro olefin aziridination reactions. Expression vectors and host cells expressing the heme enzymes are also provided by the present invention.

Abstract: An optical device includes an optical waveguide provided on a principal surface of a substrate. The optical waveguide includes a core and a cladding provided around the core. The cladding is configured by a substance having a refractive index smaller than 71.4% of the refractive index of the core. The core has constituent atoms substantially forming a diamond lattice structure. The optical waveguide has a light input/output part through which a light beam is input and/or output. The light input/output part decreases stepwise in thickness towards an output end while tapering down in its width. The core is provided in the light input/output part to have a (111) plane or an equivalent plane to the (111) plane exposed on a face of a riser of the stepwise thickness of the light input/output part.

Abstract: The devices can be fabricated by a method that permits active polymer chains to be polymerized on the surface of an electrode such that the active polymer chains are aligned with one another. The active polymer chains can also be covalently linked to a second electrode so the active polymer chains are located in an active layer of the device. The polymerization method can be paused and resumed at any point in the polymerization so nanoparticles can be added into the active layer. Additionally, the polymerization method allows that active polymer chains to be polymerized so they include junctions such as p-n junctions and Schottky junctions.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for a scheme for computing a counting number of a keyword. In some examples, a method performed under control of a computing device may include obtaining a result of a j-th set of hash functions with regard to a key; marking a head marker into a bit array of a bloom filter based at least in part on the result of the j-th set of hash functions, if the j is zero; and marking a tail marker into the bit array of the bloom filter based at least in part on the result of the j-th set of hash functions, if the j is the same as or larger than 1.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions featuring TRP-4 polypeptides and polynucleotides, methods for expressing such polypeptides and polynucleotides in a cell type of interest, and methods for inducing the activation of the TRP-4 polypeptide in neurons and other cell types using ultrasound.

Abstract: An optical modulation device includes a plasmonic nano-antenna layer, a metal layer that faces the plasmonic nano-antenna layer, and a permittivity variation layer and a dielectric material layer between the plasmonic nano-antenna layer and the metal layer. An active area formed in the permittivity variation layer according to an external signal may function as a gate that controls optical modulation performance.

Abstract: Methods for evaluating and treating Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia are provided.

Abstract: A method of providing additional information of content, a mobile terminal and a content control server are provided. A method of providing additional information of content, performed by a mobile terminal, may include acquiring a captured image of a digital signage terminal that is displaying content and transferring the captured image to a content control server, receiving additional information of the content for each of content areas of the mobile terminal, the content areas being mapped by an information providing server based on screen information of the digital signage terminal, and rendering the received additional information.

Abstract: A virtual remote control apparatus for controlling an electronic device, including: a photographed information collection unit which receives photographed information from the a photography device; a user detection unit which detects a motion of a user by analyzing the photographed information; a hand motion recognition unit which recognizes a first hand of both hands as a panel and a second hand as a control means by analyzing the photographed information, and creates control information according to a movement of the control means placed above the panel; and a control unit which operates the hand motion recognition unit when sensing information that informs detection of the user is received from the user detection unit, creates a control command corresponding to the control information received from the hand motion recognition unit so as to control the electronic device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intelligent television operation system, comprising an application frame layer combining and repackaging each component interface and logic of component layer to simplify reusing mechanism of application for components of the component layer; an application execution environment layer providing execution explaining environment of application codes; a component layer comprising a digital television-associated component for supporting an intelligent television application, wherein each component provides a standard universal component interface for the application frame layer; a hardware abstraction layer performing abstraction on hardware functions of Linux core layer, hiding hardware interface details and providing virtual hardware platform to provide unified interface for the component layer, whereby the component layer is hardware-irrelevant and transplanting on multiple platforms is facilitated; and a Linux core layer managing process, managing memory, realizing network

Abstract: A superhard boron carbide thin film with superior high temperature oxidation resistance has a structure in which a boron carbide layer and a silicon carbide layer are repeatedly stacked in an alternating manner. Accordingly, the high temperature oxidation resistance of the boron carbide thin film is enhanced, allowing the application as coating materials for wear resistant tools such as cutting tools.

Abstract: An SMS-based human/computer interface that may be applied to a wide variety of tasks. The interface allows a human user to interact with a computer system using SMS messages. The user sends messages to the computer system and receives messages from the computer system in a format that would normally be used for interacting with a human acquaintance. The computer system includes a natural language processor with an associated lexicon of conventional language (such as English words) and SMS-unique language. The language processor determines the user's meaning and the system then generates responses that are appropriate within the present context The computer system includes the ability to bring in a human operator when conditions warrant such an intervention.

Abstract: A brake disc of the present invention is a brake disc that stops the rotation of an axle when a brake pad is pressed on a surface of the brake disc, including a disc main body that is attached to a rotary body integrally rotating with the axle; and a plurality of build-up layers laminated on a surface of the disc main body, in which the build-up layers are laminated on the surface of the disc main body by means of laser metal deposition welding.

Abstract: Efficiency of communication to a root device is improved. A broadcast hello packet including a hierarchical number is received; the hello packets of one or more devices are collected and an own-device-hierarchical-number is set to a value by adding one to the smallest number of the hierarchical numbers; each device having a hierarchical number smaller than the own-device-hierarchical-number by one is retained as a parent device; each device having the same hierarchical number as the own-device-hierarchical-number is retained as a sibling device; each device having a hierarchical number larger than the own-device-hierarchical-number by one or more is retained as a child device; an indication of the retaining as the parent device, as the sibling device, and as the child device are each transmitted so as to reach the parent device, the sibling device, and the child device; and a hello packet including the own-device hierarchical number is broadcast.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus and a magnetic resonance spectroscopic method are provided. The MRI apparatus includes a data collector configured to obtain reference data of reference substances, and obtain measurement data of a target region of a subject. The MRI apparatus further includes a processor configured to determine a reference substance of the target region, among the reference substances, and a concentration of the reference substance, using the reference data, the measurement data, and an external factor compensation value compensating an external factor affecting the measurement data.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide (TCO) with an optimized composition, which has low surface roughness, low sheet resistance and high transmittance even when deposited at room temperature, a multilayer transparent conductive film using the same and a method for fabricating the same. The manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide has a composition of MnxSn1-xO (0<x?0.055), and the multilayer transparent conductive film includes: a manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide having a composition of MnxSn1-xO (0<x?0.055); a metal thin film deposited on the manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide; and a manganese tin oxide-based transparent conducting oxide having a composition of MnxSn1-x(0<x?0.055) deposited on the metal thin film.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and kits are provided which involve novel fusion protein-based adhesives for use in medical and marine applications. In some aspects, the novel fusion proteins comprise an adhesive domain (e.g., derived from an adhesive protein of a marine organism) and an amyloid domain (e.g., derived from a bacterial amyloid protein). Also provided are copolymers and fibers of the fusion proteins.

Abstract: Methods of promoting stem cell proliferation by contacting the cells with cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) are provided. The methods may further include contacting the stem cells with one or more stem cell modulators that promote differentiation of the stem cells. Methods of inhibiting stem cell proliferation by contacting the cells with one or more CT-1 inhibitor are also provided. The methods can be used to promote or inhibit stem cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Therapeutic applications of the methods in the replacement of damaged or defective tissue or in the inhibition of inappropriate cell proliferation are also provided.

Abstract: The invention encompasses methods of treating a patient with cancer, such as glioblastoma. The methods may include the administration of one or more pharmaceutical compositions that are capable of inhibiting TROY to treat the patient with cancer.