Abstract: Provided is a method of selecting a wavelength of an optical network unit including selecting a pre-loaded default wavelength as an available wavelength candidate or the wavelength that has been changed when a preset wavelength changing condition is satisfied as the available wavelength candidate, acquiring frame synchronization for a downstream signal having the same wavelength as the selected available wavelength candidate, and transmitting a registration request message to an optical line terminal (OLT) from which the downstream signal has been transmitted when the frame synchronization is acquired, assigning the available wavelength candidate to an available wavelength used for communication with the OLT and registering the terminal in the OLT when a registration allowance message is received from the OLT.

Abstract: An electro-wetting display panel including an active device array substrate, a dielectric layer, a rib structure, an opposite substrate, a first fluid and a second fluid is provided. The active device array substrate includes a first substrate and a plurality of pixel structures. Each pixel structure includes a shielding electrode connected to a common potential, an active device located between the shielding electrode and the first substrate, and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the active device. The dielectric layer covers the pixel structures. The rib structure is disposed on the active device array substrate and has openings. The active device and the pixel electrode of each pixel structure are located within one of the openings. The first fluid is configured between the dielectric layer and the opposite substrate. The second fluid is configured between the dielectric layer and the first fluid.

Abstract: A videotelephony image modulation apparatus and method detects an event having a possibility of information leakage by analyzing an image and provides a secured calling mode of masking all or a part of the image and transmitting a masked image obtained through the masking.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices are provided for assessing DNA damage and repair in cells by measuring DNA migration under electrophoresis. In one exemplary embodiment, a microarray configured to hold cells in a predetermined spatial relationship is employed to improve accuracy, speed, and reliability of such measurements. In another embodiment, a self-contained cassette having a matrix material disposed therein can be used to create a substantially uniform environment for analyzing DNA damage and repair. Fluid can be circulated through the cell to assist in creating spatial patterns on the matrix material, or alternatively, the matrix material can already include a microarray pattern disposed thereon. Various methods and systems that take advantage of such microarrays and cassettes are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel method for detecting interactions of biomolecules. More particularly, the disclosed method includes (a) preparing a cell comprising (i) a first construct comprising a bait, a first labeling material and a translocation module; and (ii) a second construct comprising a prey and a second labeling material; (b) detecting the distribution of the first construct and the second construct in the cell. the present invention provides a method capable of detecting bindings and interactions occurring in a living cell in real time, and a method for screening a material that alters the binding and the interaction. The method of the present invention overcomes the disadvantages including inaccuracy and complexity of existing biomaterial interaction detection techniques. By labeling both constructs to promote accuracy, the present invention provides a novel real-time, antibody-free analysis.

Abstract: A food item includes a bread product made from a dough containing flour and water, the water being in an amount no greater than 140 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of flour. The dough is swollen using a swelling agent and heated to form the bread product. The bread product has a crust part, and is impregnated uniformly with a liquid or gel composition by being dipped in 50 to 200 parts by mass of the liquid or gel composition. The bread product has a hardness not greater than 5×104 N/m2 even in the crust part.

Abstract: Methods for fabrication of self-aligned gated tip arrays are described. The methods are performed on a multilayer structure that includes a substrate, an intermediate layer that includes a dielectric material disposed over at least a portion of the substrate, and at least one gate electrode layer disposed over at least a portion of the intermediate layer. The method includes forming a via through at least a portion of the at least one gate electrode layer. The via through the at least one gate electrode layer defines a gate aperture. The method also includes etching at least a portion of the intermediate layer proximate to the gate aperture such that an emitter structure at least partially surrounded by a trench is formed in the multilayer structure.

Abstract: A SRAM cell and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the SRAM cell may include: a semiconductor layer; and a first Fin Field Effect Transistor (FinFET) and a second FinFET formed on the semiconductor layer, wherein the first FinFET includes a first fin formed by patterning the semiconductor layer, the first fin having a first top surface and a first bottom surface, wherein the second FinFET includes a second fin formed by patterning the semiconductor layer, the second fin having a second top surface and a second bottom surface, and wherein the first top surface is substantially flush with the second top surface, the first and second bottom surfaces abut against the semiconductor layer, and the height of the second fin is greater than the height of the first fin.

Abstract: A continuous-flow (CF) magic angle sample spinning (CF-MAS) NMR rotor and probe are described for investigating reaction dynamics, stable intermediates/transition states, and mechanisms of catalytic reactions in situ. The rotor includes a sample chamber of a flow-through design with a large sample volume that delivers a flow of reactants through a catalyst bed contained within the sample cell allowing in-situ investigations of reactants and products. Flow through the sample chamber improves diffusion of reactants and products through the catalyst. The large volume of the sample chamber enhances sensitivity permitting in situ 13C CF-MAS studies at natural abundance.

Abstract: method for diagnosing corrosion of an underground storage tank system is provided. The method includes the following steps. A sample from the underground storage tank system is collected, wherein the sample comprises at lease one metal ion. The species and the concentration of the metal ion in the sample are detected by an analysis instrument. A concentration threshold value is determined from a database according to the species of the metal ion. A mapping step is performed, wherein the concentration of the metal ion and the concentration threshold value are compared to diagnose if the underground storage tank system is corroded.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer-readable medium for determining a number of mycobacteria in source image data of a sputum-smear sample are provided. First image data is extracted from the source image data of the sputum-smear sample. Binary image data is created from the extracted first image data. A plurality of groups of blobs is identified in the created binary image data. A distance between a pair of the identified plurality of groups of blobs is determined. If the distance is below a threshold value, the pair is combined as a single group of blobs. The determining is repeated for pairs of the identified plurality of groups of blobs, and the remaining groups of blobs are then classified.

Abstract: The present invention provides, as an enzyme which can be used for enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease, a protein having ?-galactosidase activity, which shows no allergic adverse side effect, shows a high stability in blood, and can be easily incorporated into a cell of an affected organ. The protein of the present invention is a protein which has acquired ?-galactosidase activity by changing the structure of the active site of wild-type human ?-N-acetylgalactosaminidase.

Abstract: A digital serial-to-parallel converter capable of minimizing a malfunction of a circuit by more stably performing an operation of a D flip flop in implementing a GaAs MMIC digital serial-to-parallel converter and a GaAs MMIC using the same are disclosed. The digital serial-to-parallel converter includes: a converter configured to convert a received clock signal, serial data, and load signal of TTL into a DCFL signal; a plurality of D flip flops configured to transmit the serial data received through the converter to a D flip flop of a next stage by the clock signal received through the converter and output the serial data of the D flip flop of the next stage by the load signal received through the converter; and a plurality of buffers configured to receive the serial data from the plurality of D flip flops to generate and output complementary signals.

Abstract: A metamaterial for deflecting an electromagnetic wave is disclosed, which comprises a functional layer. The functional layer comprises a plurality of sheet layers parallel to each other, and each of the sheet layers comprises a sheet-like substrate and a plurality of man-made microstructures arranged in an array on the sheet-like substrate. The sheet-like substrate comprises a plurality of unit blocks, and each of the man-made microstructures and a corresponding one of the unit blocks occupied thereby form a unit cell. Refractive indices of the unit cells arranged in a first direction in each of the sheet layers decrease gradually. Each of the unit cells has an anisotropic electromagnetic parameter. Through use of the metamaterial of the present disclosure, deflection of the electromagnetic wave can be achieved.

Abstract: A reset method of an photoelectric conversion device at least including a phototransistor having a first collector, a first base, and a first emitter, and a first field-effect transistor having a first source, a first drain, and a first gate, includes: connecting the first base, and one of the first source and the first drain of the first field-effect transistor by having a common region, or a continuous region, without a base electrode; supplying a base reset potential to the other of the first source and the first drain; and overlapping a time in which a first emitter potential is supplied to the first emitter and a time in which a first ON-potential that turns on the first field-effect transistor is supplied to the first gate.

Abstract: A resonator includes a dielectric substrate, a conductor disposed over the dielectric substrate, and a high-dielectric pattern disposed between outer parts of the conductor. The conductor includes an arc part, which has a C shape, and the outer parts, which respectively extend outward from both ends of the arc part, such that the conductor has an omega shape as a whole. The high-dielectric pattern has a relative permittivity greater than a relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate. The resonator has a flat plate shape to increase a filling factor of a sample, thereby improving measurement sensitivity. Also, the resonator is miniaturized, and thus a biosensor system including the resonator is also miniaturized.

Abstract: Endoglucanase characterized by a decreased degree of activity inhibition by a lignin-derived aromatic compound, and prepared by substituting tryptophan at position 273 in the amino acid sequence of wild-type thermophilic bacterium-derived endoglucanase with an amino acid other than aromatic amino acids.

Abstract: A method for converting carbon dioxide in flue gas into natural gas using dump energy. The method includes: 1) transforming and rectifying a voltage of dump energy generated from a renewable energy plant, introducing the voltage-transformed and rectified dump energy into an electrolyte solution to electrolyze water therein to yield H2 and O2; 2) purifying industrial flue gas to separate CO2 therein and purifying CO2; 3) transporting H2 generated and CO2 to a synthesis equipment, allowing a methanation reaction between H2 and CO2 to happen to yield a high-temperature mixed gas with main ingredients of CH4 and water vapor; 4) employing the high-temperature mixed gas to conduct indirect heat exchange with process water to yield superheated water vapor; 5) delivering the superheated water vapor to a turbine to generate electric energy, and returning the electric energy to step 1); and 6) condensing and drying the mixed gas.

Abstract: System and methods are provided for rotating real time execution of data models using an application instance. Input data are received for real time execution of a plurality of data models. An application instance is assigned for executing the plurality of data models simultaneously. Resources of the application instance are automatically distributed based on a set of rotation factors. The plurality of data models are executed simultaneously using one or more data processors. Execution results for one or more of the plurality of data models are output.

Abstract: A new class of poly(beta-amino alcohols) (PBAAs) has been prepared using combinatorial polymerization. The inventive PBAAs may be used in biotechnology and biomedical applications as coatings (such as coatings of films or multilayer films for medical devices or implants), additives, materials, excipients, non-biofouling agents, micropatterning agents, and cellular encapsulation agents. When used as surface coatings, these PBAAs elicited different levels of inflammation, both in vitro and in vivo, depending on their chemical structures. The large chemical diversity of this class of materials allowed us to identify polymer coatings that inhibit macrophage activation in vitro. Furthermore, these coatings reduce the recruitment of inflammatory cells, and reduce fibrosis, following the subcutaneous implantation of carboxylated polystyrene microparticles. These polymers may be used to form polyelectrolyte complex capsules for cell encapsulation.