Abstract: A method of delivering a substance includes providing a substance at a location in a gastrointestinal (GI) tract, excluding a buccal membrane, of a biological body; and applying ultrasonic waves, having a frequency between about 20 kHz and about 10 MHz, at the location. The method can include storing the substance in at least one reservoir and exposing a medium within or of the GI tract to the substance. The method can further include delivering a device into the GI tract, the device including at least one ultrasound transducer and circuitry; powering the at least one ultrasound transducer and circuitry from within the device; and driving the at least one ultrasound transducer, using the circuitry, in a manner causing the at least one ultrasound transducer to emit ultrasonic waves to a medium within or of the GI tract.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a small-size fin-shaped structure, comprising: forming a first mask layer and a second mask layer on a substrate in sequence; etching the first mask layer and the second mask layer to form a hard mask pattern, wherein a second mask layer pattern is wider than a first mask layer pattern; eliminating the second mask layer pattern; and performing a dry etching of the substrate by taking the first mask layer pattern as a mask, so as to form a fin-shaped structure. According to the method for manufacturing a small-size fin-shaped structure of the present invention, firstly a large-size hard mask is prepared, then a width controllable small-size hard mask is prepared through a wet corrosion, and finally the bulk silicon wafer is etched, so as to obtain the required small-size fin-shaped structure, thereby improving the electrical properties and the integration level of the device, simplifying the processes and reducing the cost.

Abstract: A mobile personal base station having a caching function and a method for providing service by the same are disclosed. The mobile personal base station is connected to a service provision server, downloads and stores content, and then broadcasts the availability of the service corresponding to the content to a neighboring terminal. Upon receiving a service request from the neighboring terminal, the mobile personal base station provides the downloaded and stored content to the neighboring terminal.

Abstract: To provide an easy-to-use pressure gauge calibration apparatus that uses a pressure gauge as a standard device and is not affected by an order of calibration pressure points or pressure holding time. There is provided a pressure gauge calibration apparatus including a pressure gauge serving as a standard device, the pressure gauge being calibrated in advance by a calibration procedure to repeat necessarily restoring a pressure zero state after data acquisition at each calibration pressure point, and adjusting pressure to a subsequent calibration pressure point; a pressure generation control device; a shut-off valve; and a measurement control unit.

Abstract: Systems and methods in accordance with embodiments of the invention implement bulk metallic glass-based strain wave gears and strain wave gear components. In one embodiment, a strain wave gear includes: a wave generator; a flexspline that itself includes a first set of gear teeth; and a circular spline that itself includes a second set of gear teeth; where at least one of the wave generator, the flexspline, and the circular spline, includes a bulk metallic glass-based material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a data stream processing apparatus and method using query partitioning, which allow data stream processing apparatuses to perform partitioned processing/parallel processing on partitioned sub-queries. The proposed data stream processing apparatus using query partitioning receives a query from a user, partitions the query into a plurality of sub-queries, transmits the partitioned sub-queries to another data stream processing apparatus or a sub-query processing unit, integrates the results of the processing of sub-queries processed by the other data stream processing apparatus and the sub-query processing unit with each other, generates a response to the query, and transmits the generated response to the user.

Abstract: Target assemblies are provided that can include a uranium-comprising annulus. The assemblies can include target material consisting essentially of non-uranium material within the volume of the annulus. Reactors are disclosed that can include one or more discrete zones configured to receive target material. At least one uranium-comprising annulus can be within one or more of the zones. Methods for producing isotopes within target material are also disclosed, with the methods including providing neutrons to target material within a uranium-comprising annulus. Methods for modifying materials within target material are disclosed as well as are methods for characterizing material within a target material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drug delivery system for targeted delivery of therapeutic agent-containing particles to tissues, cells, and intracellular compartments. The invention provides targeted particles comprising a particle, one or more targeting moieties, and one or more therapeutic agents to be delivered and pharmaceutical compositions comprising inventive targeted particles. The present invention provides methods of designing, manufacturing, and using inventive targeted particles and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

Abstract: A data transmission method is disclosed. A data transmission method for at least one machine type communication (MTC) device constituting an MTC group includes receiving an attach request from the MTC device; determining whether the attach request is a first attach request from the MTC group; and if it is determined that the attach request is a first attach request from the MTC group, establishing a downlink tunnel and an uplink tunnel to be used for data transmission and reception between a GW and a base station using an MTC group identity.

Abstract: A method for managing a multicast and broadcast service in a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: transmitting a multicast and broadcast service control channel to a terminal; transmitting an indicator channel for indicating a change of the multicast and broadcast service control channel by using a unicast control channel when the multicast and broadcast service control channel is changed, to the terminal; and transmitting the changed multicast and broadcast service control channel to the terminal.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for encoding and decoding an audio signal. A method for encoding an audio signal includes receiving a transformed audio signal, dividing the transformed audio signal into a plurality of subbands, performing a first sinusoidal pulse coding operation on the subbands, determining a performance region of a second sinusoidal pulse coding operation among the subbands on the basis of coding information of the first sinusoidal pulse coding operation, and performing the second sinusoidal pulse coding operation on the determined performance region, wherein the first sinusoidal pulse coding operation is performed variably according to the coding information. Accordingly, it is possible to further improve the quality of a synthesized signal by considering the sinusoidal pulse coding of a lower layer when encoding or decoding an audio signal in an upper layer by a layered sinusoidal pulse coding scheme.

Abstract: There are provided a flexible nanocomposite generator and a method of manufacturing the same. A flexible nanocomposite generator according to the present invention includes a piezoelectric layer formed of a flexible matrix containing piezoelectric nanoparticles and carbon nanostructures; and electrode layers disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of both sides of the piezoelectric layer, in which according to a method for manufacturing a flexible nanocomposite generator according to the present invention and a flexible nanogenerator, it is possible to manufacture a flexible nanogenerator with a large area and a small thickness. Therefore, the nanogenerator may be used as a portion of a fiber or cloth. Accordingly, the nanogenerator according to the present invention generates power in accordance with bending of attached cloth, such that it is possible to continuously generate power in accordance with movement of a human body.

Abstract: A millimeter wave radar-equipped headlamp includes a millimeter wave radar that detects an object ahead of a vehicle, and a lighting device unit that irradiates an area ahead of the vehicle. The lighting device unit incorporates an antenna module of the millimeter wave radar. The lighting device unit includes a projection lens, a light source, a reflector, and a shade. The antenna module includes a millimeter wave waveguide, and a millimeter wave reflection mirror. A reflection surface of the millimeter wave reflection mirror is formed by a spheroidal surface having a first focal point located in the vicinity of the opening of the millimeter wave waveguide, and a second focal point located forward of the rear focal point.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides an object motion estimating device and the like, which solve a problem of assuming translational movement (that is, a spatial gradient is 0) of an optical flow and are suitable to estimation of an optical flow by an image analysis of captured images. The object motion estimating device performs the image analysis of the captured images of the object to estimate motion of the object. The object motion estimating device includes an image analyzing unit 15. The image analyzing unit 15 assumes time invariance of the optical flow while not assuming the translational movement, and the image analyzing unit 15 estimates the optical flow with intensity at each point of the captured images as measurement variable while simultaneously estimating a spatial gradient of the optical flow. The assumption about the translational movement of the optical flow is an assumption about the optical flow that is actually unknown.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods of use for identifying modulators of NOTUM, e.g., NOTUM inhibitors. In some aspects, identified compounds are useful for modulating Wnt signaling at sites of tissue damage. The invention further provides methods of promoting regeneration by inhibiting NOTUM.

Abstract: The present invention is a garnet-type single crystal represented by the following general formula: (Tb3-xScx)(Sc2-yAly)Al3O12-z??(1) (wherein, x satisfies 0<x<0.1).

Abstract: An optical scanning device, having: a substrate main body; two cantilever beams protruded from the respective side portion of one side of the substrate main body; a mirror supported by torsion bars from the respective side, between the cantilever beams; a drive source to causes the substrate main body to vibrate; and a light source to project light onto the mirror, wherein a fixed end of the substrate main body is fixed to a supporting member, on the opposite side from the mirror side, and wherein the mirror resonantly vibrates according to vibration applied to the substrate by the drive source, thereby to change a direction of reflection light of the light projected onto the mirror from the light source according to the vibration of the mirror, characterized in that a Si mirror is attached to and fixed on the mirror.

Abstract: Data security of a multi-dimensional code system is increased. An optical device is provided with a single input port; a splitter splitting an input light from the input port into a plurality of lights; a plurality of phase shifters each shifting one of the lights split by the splitter; a multi-port encoder/decoder inputting the lights whose phases are shifted by the phase shifters and generating spectral encoded codes; and a plurality of output ports outputting the spectral encoded codes generated by the multi-port encoder/decoder.

Abstract: Provided is an optical device. The optical device includes a substrate having a waveguide region and a mounting region, a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) waveguide including a lower-clad layer and an upper-clad layer on the waveguide region of the substrate and a platform core between the lower-clad layer and the upper-clad layer, a terrace defined by etching the lower-clad layer on the mounting region of the substrate, the terrace including an interlocking part, an optical active chip mounted on the mounting region of the substrate, the optical active chip including a chip core therein, and a chip alignment mark disposed on a mounting surface of the optical active chip. The optical active chip is aligned by interlocking between the interlocking part of the terrace and the chip alignment mark of the optical active chip and mounted on the mounting region.

Abstract: In a method of mitigating inter-cell interference, terminals are grouped into groups. A base station transmits data to a first terminal belonging to a first group among the groups, without cooperation with a neighboring base station. The base station transmits data to a second terminal belonging to a second group among the groups, through cooperation with the neighboring base station.