Abstract: An assessment engine includes a definition of inquiry skills being assessed. Assessment models are used to infer skill demonstration as one or more students engage in inquiry within computerized simulations and/or microworlds. A pedagogical agent and/or help system provides real-time feedback to one or more students based on the assessment model outputs, and/or based on additional models that track one or more students developing proficiency across inquiry tasks over time. A pedagogical agent and/or help system for science inquiry tutoring responds in real-time on the basis of knowledge-engineered and data-mined assessment and/or tracking models.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor structure comprising a substrate, a gate stack, a sidewall, a base region, source/drain regions, and a support structure, wherein: the base region is located above the substrate, and is separated from the substrate by the void; said support structure is located on both sides of the void, in which part of the support isolation structure is connected with the substrate; the gate stack is located above the base region, said sidewall surrounding the gate stack; said source/drain regions are located on both sides of the gate stack, the base region and the support isolation structure, in which the stress in the source/drain regions first gradually increases and then gradually decreases along the height direction from the bottom. The present invention also provides a manufacturing method for the semiconductor structure. The present invention is beneficial to suppress the short channel effect, as well as to provide an optimum stress to the channel.

Abstract: There are provided a method and apparatus for controlling an electronic device. The apparatus for controlling an electronic device includes a marker recognition unit configured to recognize the marker of the electronic device and a control unit configured to perform communication with the electronic device based on the marker and control the electronic device using a Graphic User Interface (GUI) program received from the electronic device.

Abstract: A separation method of zirconium and hafnium is described which includes an extraction process of agitating an undiluted aqueous solution containing zirconium, hafnium, and sulfuric acid with a first stirring solution containing an acidic extractant to produce a first extract solution in which the hafnium is extracted by the acidic extractant; and a recovery process of agitating the first extract solution with a second stirring solution containing a citric acid solution to produce a citric acid solution after extraction in which zirconium is reverse-extracted from the first extract solution to the citric acid solution so as to recover zirconium contained in the first extract solution. The method may reduce the amount of extractant while greatly enhancing the separation effect of zirconium and hafnium, and increase zirconium recovery rate by more than 97% through an additional zirconium recovery process while reducing a hafnium content in zirconium by less than 50 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 2-hydroxyarylamide derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer comprising the same as an active ingredient. The 2-hydroxyarylamide derivative prepared by the present invention is excellent in the inhibition of the activity of TMPRSS4 serine protease and the suppression of the infiltration of TMPRSS4-expressed cancer cells, and thus can be useful as a composition for preventing or treating cancer by inhibiting TMPRSS4 over-expressed in cancer cells, particularly, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, or stomach cancer cells.

Abstract: A water-based ink for use in a computer-to-plate inkjet printing and a preparation method therefor. A polymer of 5 to 40 wt %, an additive of 0.01 to 10 wt %, a dye or pigment of 0.01 to 10 wt %, an organic solvent of 1 to 30 wt %, an anti-foaming agent of 0 to 5 wt %, and deionized water are stirred and mixed at room temperature. When the polymer is dissolved, the mixed solution is filtered. The filtrate is the water-based ink. The water-based ink is sprayed via a computer-to-plate machine onto a surface of a metal substrate (which may be an aluminum plate, a zinc plate, or a copper plate) to form a graphic region. A printing plate allowing for computer-to-plate printing is acquired after solidification. The printing plate acquired is allowed to achieve a halftone dot reproduction rate between 2 and 99% and a recognition rate of 175 lpi.

Abstract: Provided is a method of selecting a wavelength of an optical network unit including selecting a pre-loaded default wavelength as an available wavelength candidate or the wavelength that has been changed when a preset wavelength changing condition is satisfied as the available wavelength candidate, acquiring frame synchronization for a downstream signal having the same wavelength as the selected available wavelength candidate, and transmitting a registration request message to an optical line terminal (OLT) from which the downstream signal has been transmitted when the frame synchronization is acquired, assigning the available wavelength candidate to an available wavelength used for communication with the OLT and registering the terminal in the OLT when a registration allowance message is received from the OLT.

Abstract: Machine vision based obstacle avoidance system is provided. The system utilizes a CCD camera to capture an image. A normalized image and dynamic masking is used in object detection.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube composite material having carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers dispersed in a matrix is provided wherein a carbon nanotube group formed from a plurality of the carbon nanotubes is present between the carbon fibers, an average diameter of the carbon fibers is 1 ?m or more and 50 ?m or less, an average diameter of the carbon nanotubes is 0.7 nm or more and 50 nm or less, the carbon nanotubes are included in a range of 0.01 wt % or more and 30 wt % or less and the carbon fibers are included in a range of 10 wt % or more and 60 wt % or less with respect to 100 wt % of the carbon nanotube composite material, thermal conductivity of the matrix is less than 10 W/mK, and the carbon nanotube composite material includes thermal conductivity in a direction of 10 W/mK or more.

Abstract: Provided are a transmitter and a method for transmitting a data block in a wireless communication system. The method comprises the following steps: deciding the number of bits (s) and encoders (NES) to allocate to one axis of a signal constellation; encoding an information bit based on the s and the NES and generating a coded block; parsing the coded block based on the s and the NES and generating a plurality of frequency sub-blocks; and transmitting the plurality of frequency sub-blocks to a receiver.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for preparing a sugar is provided. The method includes mixing an organic acid and a solid acid catalyst to form a mixing solution, adding a cellulosic biomass to the mixing solution to proceed to a dissolution reaction, and adding water to the mixing solution to proceed to a hydrolysis reaction to obtain a sugar.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for analyzing a concentration level of a driver, the method including analyzing quantitative data associated with a time at which a line of sight (LOS) of a driver is dispersed and a time at which the LOS of the driver is focused, analyzing a reaction speed of a human machine interface (HMI) when a command based on device input information, voice information, and gesture information is input, and evaluating a degree of LOS dispersion of the driver based on the quantitative data of the driver and the reaction speed of a user interface (UI) of the HMI.

Abstract: Methods of analyzing the personality of an individual are disclosed and include at least one of assessing the relationship of the individual's face to four shapes, determining which one of four shades of red harmonizes best with the individual's face, determining which set of colored patterns harmonizes best with the individual's face, determining which metal palette harmonizes best with the individual's face, determining which red shape harmonizes best with the individual's face, and determining which color palette harmonizes best with the individual's face, and correlating at least one of the selected shape, shade of red, set of colored patterns, metal palette, red shape, and color palette with a mind-body temperament, and identifying the primary mind-body temperament of the individual.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and a system for diagnosing lymphoma in cats. The system allows a care giver to measure the enzymatic activity of thymidine kinase in a blood sample. The invention teaches that when the enzymatic activity of thymidine kinase in the blood stream of a cat is above 15.5 Units per liter, the cat has a high probability of having lymphoma. The invention allows for initial diagnosis, follow up after treatment for lymphoma and/or monitoring for example in breeds that prone to have lymphoma.

Abstract: Provided is a wavelength tunable light source including a super luminescent diode (SLD) generating lights in a predetermined wavelength band, a voltage generating unit generating first and second voltages, a first filter receiving the first voltage from the voltage generating unit, receiving the lights from the SLD, and transmitting, as second lights, lights corresponding to wavelengths separated by a free spectral range (FSR) from each other among the received lights, a second filter receiving the second voltage from the voltage generating unit, receiving the second lights from the first filter, and transmitting, as a third light, a light corresponding to one wavelength among the separated wavelengths among the received second light, and a reflective mirror disposed at an output end of the second filter and reflects the third light transmitted from the second filter.

Abstract: A sine wave generator for a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) converts a digital phase input into a digital sine wave output. Sine values and slopes are stored in read-only memory (ROM) for coarse upper phase bits in a first quadrant. A quadrant folder and phase splitter reflects and inverts values from the first quadrant to generate amplitudes for all four quadrants. Each sine value and slope is stored for a range of lower phase bits. A Delta bit separates upper and lower phase bits. Delta conditionally inverts the lower phase bits, the sine value, and the final polarity. A reduced AND logic array multiplies the slope by the conditionally inverted lower phase bits. A reconstructed ADD logic array then adds the conditionally inverted sine value. The conditionally inverted polarity is added to generate the final sine value. Sine generation logic is streamlined with conditional inversion based on the Delta bit.

Abstract: A charge apparatus including a natural energy conversion module, an energy converter, an energy transmitter, an energy receiver, and an electricity storage device is provided. The natural energy conversion module receives the natural energy and converts the natural energy into a first electric energy. The energy converter is electrically connected to the natural energy conversion module and converts the first electric energy into a wireless energy. The energy transmitter is electrically connected to the energy converter and transmits the wireless energy. The energy receiver receives the wireless energy and converts the wireless energy into a second electric energy to charge an external apparatus. The energy transmitter monitors the current charge status of the external apparatus so as to adjust transmitting the wireless energy. The electricity storage device is electrically connected to the natural energy conversion module to store the first electric energy.

Abstract: An active stereo matching method includes extracting a pattern from a stereo image, generating a depth map through a stereo matching using the extracted pattern, calculating an aggregated cost for a corresponding disparity using a window kernel generated using the extracted pattern and a cost volume generated for the stereo image, and generating a disparity map using the depth map and the aggregated cost.

Abstract: A luminescent nanocomposite comprising functionalized graphene and a luminescent moiety, its fabrication, and uses are described. The luminescent moiety is anchored non-covalently to the functionalized graphene. Luminescence properties of the nanocomposite may be modulated by choosing appropriate luminescent moieties such as native lactoferrin, native lactoferrin protected gold clusters, and so forth. Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite may be modulated by adding a biopolymer such as Chitosan. The nanocomposite may be used as a luminescent ink for encoding information, or a luminescent film for tagging articles of manufacture such as electronic waste components.

Abstract: This invention provides a class of quinazoline compounds, as represented by formula (I), and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, wherein: each of R1 and R2 independently, is selected from H, C1-C6 alkoxy, halo-C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C8 cycloalkoxy, C3-C8 heterocycloalkoxy containing at least one of heteroatoms selected from N, O, S; Z is —NR4—, C(R5)2, S or —O—, wherein R4 is H or C1-C3 alkyl, R5 is the same or different, selected from H or C1-C3 alkyl; R3 is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy or halo-C1-C6 alkyl; n is an integer from 0 to 5. This invention also provides methods of preparation and medical uses of the compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. These compounds have the activity of inhibiting EGFR-TK, and can be used as drugs for the treatment of protein tyrosine kinase related diseases such as tumours, cancers, etc.