Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating a proton beam, which includes a laser system providing a laser pulse, a target generating a proton beam by using the laser pulse, and a phase conversion plate disposed between the laser system as a light source and the target to convert the laser pulse into a circularly polarized laser pulse having a spiral shape.

Abstract: A motor-assisted rotating wheel mechanism includes a rotating wheel, a rotating axle and an auxiliary motor. The rotating axle is rotationally disposed on a frame body and has two cranks with force-receiving members disposed at the two ends thereof, for allowing the force received by the force-receiving members to provide a rotational force to drive the rotating wheel to rotate and thus facilitate the auxiliary motor to output power, wherein the auxiliary motor is disposed between the two cranks disposed at the two ends of the rotating axle, and wherein the auxiliary motor includes a magnetic field having the same axle center as or parallel to the axle center, thereby facilitating the auxiliary motor to output power in cooperation with the rotating power provided by the rotating axle to synchronically drive the rotating wheel.

Abstract: A process for preparing mist, which includes micro/nano solids or liquids, and a process for forming new materials by mist gas discharge, and also an apparatus for forming new materials. The advantages are: as compared to common gases, mists exhibit broader selection range of elements and compounds and broader range of suitable temperature and pressure. Due to the presence of mist AI(m), in a sealed container, the concentration of A in unit volume of mist is far higher than the concentration of A in unit volume of gas. Under specific conditions, the physical/chemical reactions can be carried out more easily, and new materials can be formed with higher efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a low-cost light source for optical transmission systems and optical networks based on wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology. A light source in accordance with the present invention is implemented by externally injecting a narrow-band incoherent light into a Fabry-Perot laser diode (F-P LD). After injection of narrow-band incoherent light, the output of F-P LD becomes wavelength-selective rather than multi-mode and the output wavelength of F-P LD coincide with the peak wavelength of the injected incoherent light. Multi-channel WDM light sources according to the present invention can be implemented using a single broadband incoherent light source and plurality of F-P LDs. An optical transmission system for upstream signal transmission in an passive optical network using the light source according the present invention is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a base station. The base station includes a transceiver, a frequency allocation unit, and an orthogonal code allocation unit. The transceiver communicates with a terminal. The frequency allocation unit allocates a frequency resource to the terminal through the transceiver. The orthogonal code allocation unit generates an orthogonal code index table including a plurality of orthogonal code combinations, and allocates one of the orthogonal code combinations included in the orthogonal code index table to each terminal, to which the frequency resource has been allocated for a service request of the terminal, through the transceiver not to multiply be allocated. At least one of a plurality of orthogonal codes included in the orthogonal code combination is orthogonal to at least one of a plurality of orthogonal codes included in an orthogonal code combination allocated to another terminal.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of the formula (I) or salts, solvates, tautomers or N-oxides thereof, wherein T is N or CR5; J1-J2 is N?C(R6), (R7)C?N, (R8)N—C(O), (R8)2C—C(O), N?N or (R7)C?C(R6); E is a monocyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic group of 5 or 6 ring members, the heterocyclic group containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, N and S; Q1 is a bond or a saturated C1-3 hydrocarbon linker group, one of the carbon atoms in the linker group being optionally be replaced by an oxygen or nitrogen atom, or an adjacent pair of carbon atoms may be replaced by CONRq or NRqCO where Rq is hydrogen or methyl, or Rq is a C1-4alkylene chain linked to R1 or a carbon atom of Q1 to form a cyclic moiety; and wherein the carbon atoms of the linker group Q1 may optionally bear one or more substituents selected from fluorine and hydroxy; Q2 is a bond or a saturated hydrocarbon linker group containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one of the carbon atoms in the linker group may optionally be replaced by an oxyge

Abstract: A printing device using thermal roll imprinting and a patterned plate according to the present invention includes: a first supply roll continuously supplying a patterning film; a heating roll and a first sub-roll imprinting a first pattern in the patterning film supplied from the first supply roll by pressing the patterning film from both sides thereof to form a patterning plate; an imprinting mask provided with an original pattern to be imprinted to the patterning film and mounted on the surface of the heating roll; a first recovery roll recovering the patterned plate; a rotatable inking roll inking the first pattern imprinted to the patterned plate; a doctor blade forming a second; a blanket roll forming a third pattern; and a second sub-roll forming a fourth pattern by pressing a printing film and printing the third pattern of the blanket roll to the printing film.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a phase retarding film, a manufacturing method of a stereoscopic display apparatus, and a phase retarding film are provided. A light transmissive substrate is provided. An alignment layer is formed on the light-transmissive substrate. The alignment layer is aligned. A birefringent material film is formed on the alignment layer. A reaction-causing light is used to expose a first patterned region of the birefringent material film to induce a reaction on the first patterned region, wherein a second patterned region of the biregringent material film is not exposed to the reaction-causing light. The second patterned region of the biregringent material film is removed.

Abstract: A method for interpreting a dialogue between two terminals includes establishing a communication channel between interpretation terminals of two parties in response to an interpretation request; specifying a language of an initiating party and a language of the other party in each of the interpretation terminals of the two parties by exchanging information about the language of the initiating party used in the interpretation terminal of the initiating party and the language of the other party used in the interpretation terminal of the other party via the communication channel; recognizing speech uttered from the interpretation terminal of the initiating party; translating the speech recognized by the interpretation terminal of the initiating party into the language of the other party; and transmitting a sentence translated into the language of the other party to the interpretation terminal of the other party.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for detecting a code. The code detecting apparatus may include a detector to detect symbol synchronous timing information associated with a PSS code from a first signal received during a predetermined first period, a compensator to extract and buffer the PSS code and the SSS code based on the symbol synchronous timing information detected from a second signal received during a predetermined second period, and compensate for a frequency offset with respect to the buffered PSS code, and a processor to re-detect the symbol synchronous timing information based on the PSS code in which the frequency offset is compensated for, and extract the buffered SSS code using the re-detected symbol synchronous timing information.

Abstract: Compounds that activate a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor of the subtype 1 are provided. Certain compounds selectively activate the receptor subtype 1 in relation to the sphinogosine-1-phosphate receptor subtype 3. Uses and methods of inventive compounds for treatment of malconditions wherein activation, agonism, inhibition or antagonism of the S1P1 is medically indicated are provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a semiconductor device, which comprises a substrate, a buffer layer on the substrate, an inversely doped isolation layer on the buffer layer, a barrier layer on the inversely doped isolation layer, a channel layer on the barrier layer, a gate stack structure on the channel layer, and source and drain regions at both sides of the gate stack structure, characterized in that the buffer layer and/or the barrier layer and/or the inversely doped isolation layer are formed of SiGe alloys or SiGeSn alloys, and the channel layer is formed of a GeSn alloy. The semiconductor device according to the present invention uses a quantum well structure of SiGe/GeSn/SiGe to restrict transportation of carriers, and it introduces a stress through lattice mis-match to greatly increase the carrier mobility, thus improving the device driving capability so as to be adapted to high-speed and high-frequency application.

Abstract: A 3D integrated circuit structure comprises a first chip, wherein the first chip comprises: a substrate; a semiconductor device formed on the substrate and a dielectric layer formed on both the substrate and the semiconductor device; a conductive material layer formed within a through hole penetrating through both the substrate and the dielectric layer; a stress releasing layer surrounding the through hole; and a first interconnecting structure connecting the conductive material layer with the semiconductor device. By forming a stress releasing layer to partially release the stress caused by the conductive material in the via, the stress caused by mismatch of CTE between the conductive material and the semiconductor (for example, silicon) surrounding it can be reduced, thereby enhancing the performance of the semiconductor device and the corresponding 3D integrated circuit consisting of the semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A rotary spindle head with gear reducer is provided, which comprises a rotary spindle unit, a fork-shaped type spindle base and a driving unit. The fork-shaped spindle base is for linking up the rotary spindle unit with a machine tool, and the driving unit comprises a torque motor and a gear reducer which are sited coaxially on the fork-shaped spindle base. The gear reducer is connected to the rotary spindle unit to drive and rotate the rotary spindle unit in the fork-shaped spindle base. The gear reducer is designed to lower decelerating rate. Besides, the input and output of the gear reducer are coaxial design, the torque of torque motor could be magnified to several times and maintain higher rotational speed to do the high speed light cutting and high torque heavy cutting work.

Abstract: A laser cavity includes a gain medium for amplifying a light pulse in a light path, wherein the gain medium has a gain profile for amplifying the light pulse as a function of wavelength; at least one mirror on one side of the gain medium; and an output coupler. The output coupler has an output coupling profile for inducing loss in the light pulse as a function of wavelength that substantially matches the saturated gain profile of the gain medium across a range of lasing wavelengths. The purpose of this device is to achieve a flattened net-gain profile to substantially improve mode-locking performance with respect to self-starting, beam-quality, and broadband operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a petroleum-alternative bio fuel material such as 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF), 5-alkoxymethyl-2-furfural, levulinic acid alkil ester, etc. through a single process without saccharification, using a catalyst conversion reaction, from galactan that can be massively supplied at low costs and extracted from macroalgae of marine reusable resources. Thus, the macroalgae of the marine biomass resources is used so that a carbon source can be more easily extracted than that of a lignocellulosic biomass resource without a problem of having an effect on grain price like a crop-based biomass.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are atom phase-controlled double rephasing-based quantum memory and a double-rephased photon echo method therefor. The atom phase-controlled double rephasing-based quantum memory includes an optical medium and an optical pulse generation unit. The optical medium has three energy levels (|1>, |2> and |3>), receives one or more optical pulses from an optical pulse generation unit, and generates output light that satisfies phase matching conditions. The optical pulse generation unit generates at least five optical pulses that resonate among the energy levels of the optical medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet or dry bio-sensitized photoelectric conversion device (photodetector or photovoltaic) comprising: a stabilized biologically-derived sensitizer, such as a stablilized photosystem I (PS-I), deposited on nanowires, semiconductor material, electrodes and a support. The nanowires provide a greater surface area of the light absorption layer for better energy conversion efficiency and are chosen such as to complement the absorption spectrum of the sensitizer and protect the sensitizer from photobleaching.

Abstract: Provided is an IP network-based headend system. The headend system may obtain service flow information pre-registered in a subscriber modem device, may transmit, to a service supply server connected based on an IP network, the pre-registered service flow information and the network protocol packet, may determine a data reception route determined by the service supply server, may receive, from the service supply server, a video data stream to perform data processing, may receive data processed video data stream, and may transmit the data processed video data stream to the subscriber modem device based on the pre-registered service flow information.

Abstract: An optical path switching type optical signal transmission/reception apparatus includes a one-to-seven compatible optically controlled optical path switching apparatus 100 that is connected to a host optical signal transmission/reception apparatus 1 via an optical fiber, a total of seven subordinate optical communication adapters 110 connected via optical fibers, user side devices 160 connected to respective subordinate optical communication adapters via an electric circuit, an optical transmission/reception control circuit provided in each of the total of seven subordinate user side optical communication adapters 110, and including an uplink optical signal transmission mechanism, a downlink optical signal reception mechanism, a control light source that can generate control light to drive the optical path switching apparatus 100, in which a wavelength of the generated control light is different from a wavelength of signal light, and an optical communication oriented transmission/reception mechanism using the