Abstract: A satellite positioning method, a satellite pesudorange calculation apparatus and a satellite pesudorange calculation method thereof are provided. The satellite pesudorange calculation apparatus is used for calculating a pesudorange between a satellite and a satellite positioning receiving device, wherein the pesudorange includes an integer code value and a decimal code value. The satellite pesudorange calculation apparatus comprises a receiver and a processor electrically connected with the receiver. The receiver is configured to receive a code phase from a satellite signal acquisition unit, and the processor is configured to calculate the decimal code value according to the code phase. The receiver is further configured to define an approximation position and calculate the integer code value according to the approximate position and the decimal code value. The satellite positioning method is used for positioning the satellite positioning receiving device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding a constant amplitude that is applied to a code division multiplexing communication system are provided. By dividing a data bit into a block unit, the receiving side can easily determine an error, and by reducing power consumption in outdoor wide area communication using a bit string of a small length in a basic unit of an input frame, efficiency can be improved, and thus a physical layer of a ubiquitous sensor network can be optimized.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a pulse train with an adjustable time interval is provided. The apparatus, being an annular optical cavity structure, includes a seed source receiving end, a pump source receiving end, an optical coupler, an optical combiner, a gain fiber, an optical path time regulator and a beam splitter. Thus, the apparatus is capable of generating a pulse train with an adjustable time interval to increase material processing quality and speed.

Abstract: In a wireless optical communication system in which communication is performed based on a free space and a plurality of the communication apparatuses are arranged in a ring form around a central office terminal (COT), the communication apparatus monitors optical signals received in a first direction or in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and selects a first path through which the optical signals in the first direction are received and a second path through which the optical signals in the second direction are received. The communication apparatus converts an optical signal having a predetermined unique wavelength from among the optical signals received through the selected path into a signal of a frequency domain having a plurality of subcarriers, and obtains packet data mapped to each of the subcarriers.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to a cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device (102) including a backboard (110) to support a subject, and a constriction element (112) to constrict the subject. The constriction element (112) is connected to a decompression element (118). The decompression element (118) is disposed to be placed along the circumference of a thoracic region of the subject and is adapted to adhere to the subject on deployment. Further, a sternum compression unit (120) is attached to the decompression element (118) such that the sternum compression unit (120) is disposed on a side of the decompression element (118). Further, the constriction element (112) is adapted to be constricted and to be slackened for delivering active sternum compression, active circumferential compression, active sternum decompression and active circumferential decompression.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless link system using a multiband, the system including: a common baseband module to operate in a first frequency band and a second frequency band higher than the first frequency band; at least one low radio frequency (RF) module to process a signal output from the common baseband module in the first frequency band; at least one high RF module to process a signal output from the common baseband module in the second frequency band; a plurality of antennas electrically connected to the at least one low RF module and the at least one high RF module; and a control unit to adaptively allocate a control signal and data to the at least one low RF module and the at least one high RF module based on state information of a wireless channel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting an OFDM signal including converting a distribution of a signal in which inverse Fourier transform is performed in an OFDM system and a method of receiving an OFDM signal including expanding a received signal are provided, and by changing a magnitude distribution of a signal that is output from an OFDM modulator to a bimodal Gaussian distribution, an influence of noise in a receiving terminal can be reduced, and by limiting a signal that is output from an OFDM modulator to an appropriate magnitude, a phase in the receiving terminal can be prevented being wrongly demodulated.

Abstract: A dual antenna for wireless communication transmission (WPT) and near field communication (NFC) includes a loop antenna, and a dual loop antenna disposed at an inside and an outside of the loop antenna.

Abstract: A concentration of a fuel supplied to a fuel cell and a heat exchange rate of a heat exchanger are controlled simultaneously in order to maintain a temperature of fuel cell stack and a diluted fuel concentration that is supplied to the fuel cell stack in a target level. Further, by appropriately responding to an exterior temperature changes or unexpected fuel cell performance changes, it is possible to improve a system efficiency and stability of fuel cell operation and to regulate the fuel concentration quickly and accurately compared to a prior sensor-less concentration controller.

Abstract: Provided are a separation and recovery device for a liquid waste including a radionuclide, and a separation and recovery method using the same. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a separation and recovery device that may effectively separate a liquid waste, such as a waste detergent including a radionuclide, and simultaneously, may prevent the release of tritium and radiocarbon to the outside, and a separation and recovery method using the same.

Abstract: An optical coupling module for a silicon photonics chip in which a grating is formed on an optical waveguide, and a material having an intermediate refractive index between refractive indexes of a core and a cladding for side surface optical coupling of the silicon photonics chip is provided. The optical coupling module which is optically coupled with an internal/external optical fiber comprises a core transmitting light, and a cladding covering the core and holding the light in the core through total internal reflection, wherein a grating is formed at one end of the core, and a refractive element is formed between the one end of the core and the cladding, has an intermediate refractive index between the refractive indexes of the core and the cladding, and is optically coupled with the internal/external optical fiber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chimeric protein that includes an N-terminus coupled to a C-terminus, where the N-terminus includes a portion of a paracrine fibroblast growth factor (“FGF”) and the C-terminus includes a C-terminal portion of an FGF19 molecule. The portion of the paracrine FGF is modified to decrease binding affinity for heparin and/or heparan sulfate compared to the portion without the modification. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions including chimeric proteins according to the present invention, methods for treating a subject suffering from diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome, and methods of screening for compounds with enhanced binding affinity for the ?Klotho-FGF receptor complex involving the use of chimeric proteins of the present invention.

Abstract: A method of reusing a frequency by allocating two orthogonal signal waveforms to the same frequency band is as follows. Two high-frequency ocean surface radars can be operated in the same frequency band without mutual interference by allocating a signal having an up-chirped LFM waveform and a signal having a down-chirped LFM waveform, having the same frequency band, to the two radars by employing an orthogonal characteristic between the two signals. Furthermore, a plurality of radars located within a distance within which interference is possible can be operated without mutual interference by combining and allocating two orthogonal signals and a plurality of frequency bands.

Abstract: A stress relief structure is provided. The stress relief structure includes a stress relief body, at least one first stress relief base and at least one second stress relief base. The stress relief body has an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other. The first stress relief base is disposed on the upper surface of the stress relief body. The second stress relief base is disposed on the lower surface of the stress relief body. The at least one first stress relief base and the at least one second stress relief base are interlaced to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is a low phase shift voltage variable attenuator. The low phase shift voltage variable attenuator may include: a first directional coupler including a first input terminal in which a signal is input, a first isolation terminal connected to a ground power source through a termination resistor, a first coupling terminal, and a first through terminal; a second directional coupler including a second input terminal through which an attenuated signal, which is the attenuated input input signal, is output, a second isolation terminal connected to a ground power source through a termination resistor, a second coupling terminal, and a second through terminal; and a signal attenuating unit connected to the first coupling terminal, the first through terminal, the second coupling terminal, and the second through terminal, and configured to attenuate a signal transmitted through the first directional coupler to transmit the attenuated signal to the second directional coupler.

Abstract: Disclosed are an implementation method of a user interface and a device using the same method. The implementation method of a user interface comprises a step for receiving AUI (Advanced User Interaction) pattern information and a step for interpreting the inputted AUI pattern information based on a predefined interface. Therefore, a preset AUI pattern generated in a user interaction device is implemented in various applications by defining the implementation method of an interface between a user interaction device and a scene description.

Abstract: A demand response determination apparatus and a demand response determination method thereof are provided. The demand response determination apparatus connects to an electric power system via a network. The demand response determination apparatus receives power consumption information from the electric power system and decides a power consumption mode of the electric power system according to the power consumption information. The demand response determination apparatus calculates demanded power according to the power consumption mode and determines whether the demanded power exceeds a power consumption threshold. The demand response determination apparatus informs the electric power system to unload electric power equipment when the demanded power exceeds the power consumption threshold.

Abstract: A coating method for coating a crucible and a quartz crucible for growing a silicon crystal are provided. In the coating method, a bubble-free quartz layer which is 80 ?m to 4 mm thick is formed on an inner surface of a crucible for growing a silicon crystal, and the surface of the bubble-free quartz layer is covered with alkaline earth hydroxide, following which heating is performed to a temperature at which the surface becomes devitrified. The surface may be covered by immersing the inner surface in a solution of the alkaline earth hydroxide. The heating may be performed before the crucible for growing silicon crystal is filled with a solid raw material to be melted.

Abstract: A broadcasting-communication data receiving apparatus for receiving mixed signals including original signals and additional signals.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for highly accurately detecting a cancer cell. The method of the present invention is characterized by comprising imaging with the use of a fluorescently labeled L-glucose derivative. By using the method and imaging agent according to the present invention, a high contrast between a cancer cell and a normal cell can be obtained compared with the case that imaging is conducted with the use of a fluorescently labeled D-glucose derivative. According to this method, moreover, no fasting is needed for the determination. Thus, the imaging can be quickly carried out without imposing a burden on a patient.