Abstract: The present invention relates to macroporous chitosan beads having 5-200 ?m in size of relatively large and uniform pores that are distributed from surface to core region. The macroporous chitosan beads of the present invention make cell culturing efficient. Cells can attach to them efficiently due to their large surface area.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hair graft comprising (a) tissue engineered skin comprising a tissue engineered epidermal layer, a tissue engineered dermal layer, and hair follicle progenitor cells and (b) a scaffold. The invention also provides methods of making and using the hair grafts of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nano-sized photocatalytic sol and application thereof. The invention utilizes spherical nano-photocatalyst and non-spherical photocatalytic sol for coating a photocatalyst layer on a substrate. Because of the stereo, interlaced and composite structure between spherical photocatalyst and non-spherical photocatalyst, a hard and well adhesion coated layer of photocatalyst with good photocatalytic activity can be obtained without using binder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photocatalytic composite material, a method for producing the same and application thereof. This invention can maintain the activity of a photocatalytic adsorbent and reduce energy consumption by immersing an adsorbent material into a nano-photocatalyst sol to immobilize the nano-sized photocatalyst on the surface of the adsorbent material without a high-temperature calcinations step or using an adhesive agent. Besides, immobilizing the photocatalytic composite material onto a filter can be applied to the equipment for cleaning environment.

Abstract: A foot shape information distributing system for distributing foot shape information including cross section data generated based on anatomical feature points of a foot. Eleven defined cross sections (A to K) are determined and stored. Server machine distributes foot shape information including the same cross section data and the same feature points as user terminal stores. Based upon the cross sections, shoes are selected or manufactured for a customer.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus for a microscope and an image processing apparatus using the illumination apparatus include a light source, a semi-transmissive mirror splitting a light beam from the light source into two beams of the first and second irradiation light, two excitation filters selecting the wavelengths of the first and second irradiation light, a semi-transmissive mirror synthesizing individual beams of the first and second irradiation light whose wavelengths are selected, into a single beam, a dichroic mirror directing a light beam synthesized by the semi-transmissive mirror toward a specimen and transmitting light from the specimen, an objective lens, cameras imaging fluorescent light from the specimen after being separated into fluorescent light excited by the first and second wavelengths, and an image processing section processing fluorescent images formed by imaging elements.

Abstract: Convolutional networks can be defined by a set of layers being respectively made up by a two-dimensional lattice of neurons. Each layer—with the exception of the last layer—represents a source layer for respectively following target layer. A plurality of neurons of a source layer called a source sub-area respectively share the identical connectivity weight matrix type. Each connectivity weight matrix type is represented by a scalar product of an encoding filter and a decoding filter. For each source layer a source reconstruction image is calculated on the basis of the corresponding encoding filters and the activities of the corresponding source sub-area. For each connectivity weight matrix type, each target sub-area and each target layer the input of the target layer is calculated as a convolution of the source reconstruction image and the decoding filter.

Abstract: A spin transistor uses a single potential barrier structure to increase a current fluctuation rate. The spin transistor may include at least one of an emitter, a collector, a base and a base resistor. The emitter may be a magneto-resistant device, which may provide an adjustable resistance based on a magnetic field. The collector may be a passive device which may provide the single potential barrier. The base may placed between the emitter and the collector, and may couple the emitter with the collector. The base resistor may be connected to the base in order to provide a bias.

Abstract: Polymer micro-resonators and methods of fabricating the same. A liquid polymer material is applied to a micro-resonator master that includes at least one micro-resonator, such as a disk or toroid micro-resonator. The liquid molding material is cured or set to form a mold that is derived from the master. A replica of the master micro-resonator is cast using the mold, and the replicated micro-toroid resonator(s) are separated from the mold. The polymer micro-resonators can have Q factors up to about 5×106. The mold and replica materials can be a silicone material, such as polydimethylsiloxane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition of metal-incorporated VSB-5 molecular sieve with nanopores and its preparation method, in particular, to a composition of a metal-incorporated VSB-5 molecular sieve with a framework of VSB-5 molecular sieve comprising nickel, phosphorous, oxygen and metal, which is useful in various fields such as a hydrogen storage material, an optical and electric/electronic material, a sensor, a catalyst, a catalyst supporter and an adsorbent, and its preparation method performed in such a manner that a specific metal component is added in a predetermined mole ratio to a reaction mixture comprised of nickel and phosphorous compounds and the resultant mixture is crystallized in the presence of inorganic or organic base as a pH modifier to yield a metal-incorporated VSB-5 molecular sieves in an economical and efficient manner.

Abstract: The sequences of 5? ESTs derived from mRNAs encoding secreted proteins are disclosed. The 5? ESTs may be to obtain cDNAs and genomic DNAs corresponding to the 5? ESTs. The 5? ESTs may also be used in diagnostic, forensic, gene therapy, and chromosome mapping procedures. Upstream regulatory sequences may also be obtained using the 5? ESTs. The 5? ESTs may also be used to design expression vectors and secretion vectors.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the crystal structure of Estrogen Receptor-? (ER-?) complexed with genistein, and to the use of this structure in rational drug design methods to identify agents that may interact with active sites of ER-?, which may be useful as novel chemotherapeutic agents.

Abstract: A working robot, which is able to perform a required operation by locating a tool on a working position of a moving object, comprises a robot body moving with the object according to the movement of the object with more than one degree of freedom; an actuator mounted on a free end of the robot body and including a tool mounting unit, on which the tool is mounted, connected by a passive joint which reacts passively to small displacement of the object for locating the tool on the working position; and a control device for controlling the robot body, the actuator, and the tool.

Abstract: Methods and systems for transcoding a video sequence in a discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain, wherein a transcoder receives a video bit-stream including frames and each of the frames including blocks. The video bit-stream includes an intra-frame and an inter-frame that has been encoded by motion compensation based on the intra-frame or another inter-frame. A DCT-domain motion compensation module in the transcoder re-calculates first DCT coefficients for a target block in the inter-frame. For this re-calculation of the first DCT coefficients, the motion compensation module inputs second DCT coefficients of neighboring blocks in the inter-frame, and calculates partial DCT coefficients, using significant ones of the second DCT coefficients of the neighboring blocks.

Abstract: A direct current (DC) offset canceling circuit of a trans-impedance amplifier and an automatic gain control trans-impedance amplifier is provided, including: a trans-impedance amplifier for receiving an input current and converting the input current into a first voltage signal, while the trans-impedance amplifier is provided with a plurality of inverters connected in series, wherein a sample node is defined between each inverter; a DC detector for retrieving and comparing the signals at any sample node, thereby generating a trigger signal according to the comparison; a DC eliminator for providing a path to the DC component of the input current in response to the triggering by the signal trigger, to eliminate the DC component; a reference voltage unit for outputting a reference voltage value; and a voltage output amplifier for comparing the reference voltage and the first voltage signal, to amplify the output of a second voltage signal.

Abstract: A method of identifying target outputs, such as emissions levels, for a dynamic system, such as an engine. The engine is run at numerous combinations of input parameters, such as actual settings. At each combination of input parameters, the system is driven to a “quasi-steady” state, rather than waiting for it to reach a steady state. Response data collected at this quasi-steady state is used as the basis for identifying the target outputs and the associated inputs.

Abstract: Novel sterol derivatives of formula (I), in which: R1 represents a hydroxyl group or protected hydroxyl group, R2 represents a hydrogen atom and a double bond is present at c, or R1 and R2 together represent an oxo group and a double bond is present at b or double bonds are present at a and b; R3 represents a methyl group having ?- or ?-configuration; R4 and R5, which may be the same or different, are selected from hydrogen atoms and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and aryl groups, or together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic group; and X represents a polymethylene group containing 2–5 carbon atoms, an oxa group-containing analogue thereof in which a methylene group other than that attached to the —CO.NR4R5 moiety is replaced by an oxygen atom, or an unsaturated analogue thereof containing up to two double bonds.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to calculate a real time voltage stability risk index in a power system. The method includes calculating an RMS voltage by using bus voltage measured and calculating an N moving average voltage for the RMS voltages. A percentage diversity between the bus voltage measured and the N moving average voltages is calculated. A voltage stability in that risk index is calculated by dividing the area constructed by the percent diversity by the number of sections. The voltage stability risk index is transferred from a real time phasor measurement device to an upper voltage stability monitoring system. The transferred voltage stability risk indexes are acquired and sequenced and the sequence voltage stability risk indexes are output.

Abstract: A method of friction stir welding and a non-consumable retractable shoulderless variable penetration friction stir welding tool. The tool includes a substantially cylindrical body portion, a head portion, and a tip section, each integral to the tool. The body portion has a longitudinal axis about which it is rotable, a diameter, a sidewall substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis, a proximal end, and a distal end. The head portion is located at the distal end of the body portion. The head portion has a base with a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the body portion thereby forming a smooth transition between the body portion and the head portion, thus, the tool has no shoulder. The head portion includes a face that converges to the tip section. The tool is retractable, reduces overheating, improves weld quality by reducing internal voids and lack of fusion, and facilitates variable penetration welds.

Abstract: A bit cell of an organic memory is provided. The bit cell of the organic memory comprises an organic memory cell, a first transistor, a current mirror and a second transistor. To connect the organic memory cell to a data line, the first transistor is activated for reading and the second transistor is activated for writing. Furthermore, the first transistor has a greater size than the second transistor. Therefore, a fast processing time in writing and a large conduction current in reading are catered for. In addition, the current mirror amplifies the conduction current in reading and increases the capacity for resisting the interference by adjacent bit cell.