Abstract: Techniques are provided for implementing a rating engine that processes events about usage information regarding a product or service used by customers of the product/service. The rating engine represents a connected graph of objects whose function is to accept input (if necessary), perform one or more operations, and generate a result that is used to determine which other object to execute. The input might include information about an “event” that indicates usage information of the product/service by a particular customer. Because not all objects need to be executed to determine the appropriate response for some events, many computing resources can be used to process subsequent events.

Abstract: A USB wall plate charger for charging an external electronic device is mountable to a common 120 volt AC wall outlet, and includes a power supply to convert the 120 volts AC to +5 volts DC, and a charging profile configuration circuit. A charging profile selection switch is provided for the user to select a desired charging profile that is compatible with the electronic device to be charged.

Abstract: Sealing mechanisms are provided. In one embodiment, a system includes a connector configured to couple one or more flow-control valves to equipment installed at a well and an isolation sleeve configured to be retained by the connector. The isolation sleeve may include a seal and a hydraulically actuated piston disposed adjacent one another about a body of the isolation sleeve such that actuation of the piston engages the seal. The isolation sleeve may also include a mechanically driven actuator ring, where the actuator ring energizes a seal against the bore of a tubing hanger. Additional systems, devices, and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts with halide containing precursors and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a support, optionally a modified support.

Abstract: A system and method for creating a proxy object capable of communication with an external entity, comprising specifying a proxy object definition for the proxy object wherein the proxy object definition defines a first function for communicating with the external entity, specifying at least one implementation class for the proxy object definition, wherein the at least one implementation class does not implement the first function, and wherein the at least one implementation class includes functionality to support one of: proxy object design, software compilation and software execution.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention enable related parties to setup asynchronous messaging exchanges between Web services based on Web service addressing. All the callback address lookup, population and setup can be performed automatically by the service provider at the infrastructure level transparent to the user and only the service/contract itself need to be defined. This description is not intended to be a complete description of, or limit the scope of, the invention. Other features, aspects, and objects of the invention can be obtained from a review of the specification, the figures, and the claims.

Abstract: Provide that a useful catalyst for homogeneous hydrogenation, particularly a catalyst for homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation for hydrogenation, particularly asymmetric hydrogenation, which is obtainable with comparative ease and is excellent in economically and workability, and a process for producing a hydrogenated compound of an unsaturated compound, particularly an optically active compound using said catalyst with a high yield and optical purity.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and systems are presented for managing current leakage in an electronic circuit. One circuit includes a keeper circuit, and a controller. The keeper circuit supplies current to a leaker circuit, which is experiencing current leakage, to compensate for the current leakage. Further, the controller provides to the keeper circuit a control signal that is based on the current leakage. The control signal has a cycle equal to the cycle of a clock signal, and the control signal is a pulse having a first value during a first period, and a second value during a second period of the pulse. The keeper circuit provides a current to the leaker circuit during the first period and the keeper circuit withholds the current to the leaker circuit during the second period, where the durations of the first period and the second period are based on the current leakage.

Abstract: A system determines the cost of a transaction. The system receives a transaction for an item. The transaction is in terms of a first unit of measure. The system then determines the quantity in terms of a second unit of measure and calculates the cost of the transaction based on the second unit of measure.

Abstract: Metadata-driven undo is described. In an embodiment, a metadata repository stores metadata that is associated with operations. Attributes associated with each operation are also stored in the metadata. Each operation is associated with an undolet that includes instructions for generating undo entries for operations of a particular operation type. Undo log entries are generated using the metadata and the undolet when a request is intercepted that includes an undoable operation. When an undo command is issued, the instructions in the undo log that are associated with a particular business transaction are executed to “rewind” the transaction.

Abstract: A method for issuing interrupts includes a receiving communication adapter receiving a first remote directed memory access (RDMA) write with immediate, identifying a completion queue descriptor corresponding to the first RDMA write with immediate and to a receiving entity, incrementing an interrupt counter in response to the first RDMA write with immediate. The method includes storing, by the receiving communication adapter, in response to determining that the interrupt counter value is less than the interrupt threshold value, data in the first RDMA write with immediate on the receiving device without triggering an interrupt to the receiving entity. The receiving communication adapter receives a second RDMA write with immediate, and increments the interrupt counter value corresponding to the completion queue descriptor in response to the second RDMA write with immediate.

Abstract: Layered phyllosilicates are useful for adsorbing and/or binding to cholesterol and, thereby, reducing blood cholesterol in a patient. Accordingly, provided herein is a method of reducing hypercholesteremia in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a protonated and at least partially exfoliated layered phyllosilicate material alone and in combination with other cholesterol-reducing agents in an amount effective to reduce hypercholesteremia in said mammal.

Abstract: A method for allocating resources of a host channel adapter includes the host channel adapter identifying an underlying function referenced in the first resource allocation request received from a virtual machine manager, determining that the first resource allocation request specifies a number of physical collect buffers (PCBs) allocated to the underlying function, allocating the number of PCBs to the underlying function, determining that the first resource allocation request specifies a number of virtual collect buffers (VCBs) allocated to the underlying function, and allocating the number of VCBs to the underlying function. The host channel adapter further receives command data for a command from the single virtual machine, determines that the underlying function has in use at least the number of PCBs when the command data is received, and drops the command data in the first command based on the underlying function having in use at least the number of PCBs.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for presenting semi-structured sets of search results comprising two or more differently-structured subsets of search results. The search results are divided into two or more groups of similarly-structured results. The search results are displayed in their respective groups rather than as a single set. Each group is displayed using a different display structure, in an order determined by a group ranking mechanism. The search results within a group ordered by a result ranking mechanism. Techniques are also disclosed for enhancing a display of similarly structured data by emphasizing highly relevant result fields. The highly relevant result fields may be identified based on metadata ranking mechanisms, uniqueness of their constituent values, historical feedback, keyword location, and/or other mechanisms. The fields are emphasized using, without limitation, highlighting, reordering, and filtering of unemphasized fields from the display.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method comprising (A) reacting a ?-keto ester with a 2-halo ester under basic conditions to obtain a 2-aceto-3-methyl-succinic acid ester; (B) reacting the resulting 2-aceto-3-methyl-succinic acid ester with methyl vinyl ketone under basic conditions, optionally followed by a decarboxylation reaction and hydrolysis, etc., to obtain an ?-methyl-?-keto acid; and (C) reducing the resulting ?-methyl-?-keto acid to obtain wine lactone or a stereoisomer thereof or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods of a reconciliation engine for accrual accounts associated with purchase order documents are provided. The reconciliation engine applies a set of business rules a set of purchase order documents for which the accrual account is nonzero. The business rules allow the system to determine discrepancies that are inconsequential and may be disregarded. Those accounts are marked for clearance and automatically cleared. An interface is provided to reverse the automatic clearance, as well as to adjust accrual accounts manually.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing encryption and decryption of data transmitted on a computer implemented network, preferably user authentication identifier data, such as a password, at the point of entry into the user's computer. The systems and methods enable an end user to mentally select a marker from one of the randomly arranged elements on a first portion of a graphical image. A second portion of the graphical image includes an arrangement of possible elements of any individual authentication identifier sequence, and is positioned adjacent to the first portion. The systems and methods prompt a user to enter each element of the identifier by moving the selected marker and the first portion as necessary to substantially align the selected marker with a chosen element of the authentication identifier appearing on the outer portion. According to one embodiment, the image portions are concentric wheels. According to another embodiment, the image portions are arranged in adjacent rows.

Abstract: To reduce acetal and/or ester concentrations when separating ethanol from a crude product in one or more distillation column, at least one of the columns is operated at a higher pressure to increase the equilibrium constant that favors hydrolysis of the acetal. The crude product may comprise ethanol, acetaldehyde, water, ethyl acetate and one or more acetals, such as diethyl acetal. The acetal and/or ester concentration may be reduced thus reducing the need to separate acetal and/or ester from the crude product.

Abstract: In general, the invention relates to a method for migrating a source file system residing on a source server to a destination server. The method includes sending a first snapshot of the source file system from the source server to the destination server and creating, using the first snapshot, a migrated file system on the destination server. The method further includes sequentially sending, to the destination server, a set of snapshot deltas including modifications to the source file system, updating the migrated file system using the set of snapshot deltas, determining that a freeze threshold is exceeded, freezing the source file system, sending a final snapshot delta from the source server to the destination server, updating the migrated file system using the final snapshot delta, creating a file system husk referencing the migrated file system, and thawing the source file system and the migrated file system.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a miniaturized semiconductor device so as to form MTJ elements therein include the steps of depositing a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) precursor layer on a substrate and planarizing the precursor layer; forming a sacrificial and patternable dielectric layer on the MTJ precursor layer; patterning the sacrificial dielectric layer in accordance with predetermined placements and shapes of a to-be-formed hard mask, the patterning forming corresponding openings in the sacrificial dielectric layer; depositing an etch-resistant conductive material such as Cu in the openings for example by way of plating, and selectively removing the sacrificial dielectric layer so as to leave behind the etch-resistant conductive material in the form of a desired hard mask. Using the hard mask to etch and thus pattern the MTJ precursor layer so as to form MTJ elements having desired locations, sizes and shapes.