Abstract: An artificial turf has a base layer, a multiplicity of blades fixed to and projecting upward from the base layer, and a mass of infill between the blades and on the base layer. The infill is formed of elongated plastic fibers each having a longitudinally extending inner part of a predetermined first plastic and a longitudinally extending outer part bonded to the inner part and of a predetermined second plastic different from the first plastic.

Abstract: A coextrusion apparatus, a single-layer extrusion apparatus, a retrofit kit, as well as to a method for measuring a layer thickness, for producing a plastic film, and for retrofitting an extrusion apparatus. From the state of the art, it is known to add a detection agent in the form of a fluorescent granulate into the starting material at the extruder, in order to be able to measure the layer thickness of the layer in the film composite produced from this starting material. However, it is proposed to feed in a detection agent only beyond the extruder. This leads to a clearly shorter running time of the detection agent through the system and thereby to clearly faster measurability of changes in the production parameters.

Abstract: A roller frame including at least two rollers mounted in a housing between which a nip can be formed. The ends of the rollers are supported in rotary fashion in bearings and at least one of the rollers is embodied as an advancing roller and has an adjusting system by which it is possible to move the bearings of the advancing roller, thus changing the nip. The adjusting system has a rack and a pinion whose teeth engage with those of the rack and can be driven to rotate by a motor. It is possible to change the distance between the pinion and the rack by changing the tooth engagement depth between them.

Abstract: For almost 100 years, extruders have been built in such a manner that at a predetermined screw diameter, a corresponding throughput capacity is achieved, depending on the process conditions. To increase the output capacity, the screw diameter is generally increased in accordance with the physical laws of similitude. The length-to-diameter ratio remains the same, or the extruder becomes longer. This leads to the result that an engineer strives to use an extruder having a small screw diameter. In order to avoid the disadvantage of space-intensive extruders, fast-turning single-screw extruders have been developed in the past 10 years. Extruders having a screw diameter of 35 mm to 100 mm and having a length of 30 D to 40 D are usual in practice. Ultimately, however, all concepts usual on the market fail to implement a universal extruder. The invention is based on the task of presenting a universal concept of a single-screw plastification machine.

Abstract: A winding device for winding a continuously arriving material web onto a reel, including a contact roller by which the material web can be guided and transferred to the reel in contact with the surface of the contact roller. The contact roller has a support tube and fibers, which protrude from the outside of the support tube and form the surface of the contact roller. The fibers extend essentially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the contact roller so that first ends of the fibers are affixed to the support tube and their other free ends define a surface of the contact roller.

Abstract: An mixing section for an extrusion screw has an inlet end and an outlet end as well as alternating wiping lands and barrier lands. The wiping lands have a greater helix angle than the barrier lands. The wiping lands and the barrier lands define inlet channels which narrow toward the outlet end and outlet channels which widen toward the outlet end. A helical pattern of mixing channels is cut into the wiping lands and the barrier lands. The mixing channels may be oriented generally at approximately right angles to the wiping lands and the barrier lands. A portion of the extrudate encounters the inside wall surfaces of the mixing channels and changes direction which improves the mixing of the extrudate.

Abstract: A method of conveying and treating a web, wherein the web is first conveyed over a transport surface and then over a rotating transfer roller at the end of the transport surface. The web is transferred from the transfer roller to a treatment roller at a spacing from the transfer roller. The conveying of the web is performed with the proviso and particularly a spacing a between the transfer roller and the treatment roller is set such that the web wraps around the treatment roller over a wrap angle ? from 15° to 90°.

Abstract: In blown film installations, it is known to provide longitudinal stretching of the produced double layer film strip downstream of the draw-off, more precisely downstream of the reversing unit and upstream of the winder. It is also known to stretch the down-drawn film, wherein the film must then be preheated owing to the long cooling path from the draw-off. According to a first feature, the present invention specifies warming the film above the draw-off and then treating it mechanically. The film can thereby be brought with only little energy from a first level of warmth to a temperature level at which it can easily be worked. According to a second feature, the invention specifies providing a tractive force breakdown brake.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a film web made of thermoplastic material in which the thermoplastic material is extruded in at least one layer as plastic melt from a wide-slit nozzle in an extrusion direction and subsequently led away over at least roller, wherein tensile forces are exerted in the extrusion direction and transversely to the extrusion direction in order to stretch the film web longitudinally and transversely, wherein during application of the tensile forces in and transversely to the extrusion direction the film web has a temperature at least corresponding to the melting temperature of the same.

Abstract: Artificial turf has a base layer, a multiplicity of blades fixed in and projecting upward from the base layer, and a mass of damping material on the base layer and through which the blades project. Each of the blades is at least partially formed of a polyester of terephthalic acid made from waste. The polyester is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), both from waste. The base layer is a flat primary layer, preferably a textile and preferably consists of plastic, a polyolefin and/or a polyester of terephthalic acid, preferably a polyester of terephthalic acid from waste.

Abstract: The invention relates to a folding blade for a blown film line, as well as to a blown film line equipped therewith. Folding blades are used for laterally folding in a film bubble running to the take-off pinch rolls. If they engage deeply into the film bubble, they are provided with a fin on the rear side, and referred to as deep folding blades. The invention proposes that the rear side of a folding blade be equipped with a fin, which exhibits a collapsible element with an adjustment device. The volume of the fin can thereby be varied. In particular, the fin can be laid flat against the rear side of the folding blade.

Abstract: Foil extrusion lines use spiral distributors for producing a melt which is as homogeneous as possible during operation. The spiral distributors are mostly available as cylindrical or conical axial spiral distributors or as radial spiral distributors. The spiral distributors have spiral channels that run in a multiple spiral arrangement so that rather flat horizontal edges are formed precisely in initial sections and vertical edges are formed between the beginning of spiral channels and transition sections of adjacent spiral channels. The melt can easily adhere there. To accelerate the melt in critical areas, the course or the cross-section of the channels or the surface are modified.

Abstract: A spiral distributor for a die head of a foil extrusion line has spiral channels provided with shortening sections in their backward area. As compared to a geometrical rule for a discontinuation of the spiral channels which is valid in a prior section of the spiral channels, this arrangement leads to a faster discontinuation of the spiral channels. The design of the backward area of the spiral channels does not affect the good overlaying effect of the front part of the spiral channels. As compared to the customary embodiment, the channels are thus equipped with a less profiled backward end which leads to a more cost-effective manufacture and to a lesser flow resistance.

Abstract: A device for grinding spinning cots has a rotating grinding roller and a carriage that is linearly movable relative to the grinding roller. A pivot arm is pivotably supported on the carriage and movable between a loading position and a grinding position. A workpiece receptacle is mounted on the pivot arm and adapted to receive a spinning cot to be ground. A feed device is provided that is actuatable in accordance with progression of a grinding process performed on the spinning cot toward a grinding surface of the grinding roller. The pivot arm is moveable by the feed device relative to the carriage. A device is provided that is actuatable independent of the feed device for manual adjustment of the carriage into a desired linear position relative to the grinding roller.

Abstract: A device for producing blown films, including an extrusion device generating a tubular film and a flattening device, associated with the tubular film, having two flattening elements, arranged on diametrically opposite zones of the tubular film and adjustable in relation to each other at an acute angle, for transforming a cross-section of the tubular film, which is first circular, then oval, to a double-layer film web. This invention has lateral guide elements for the areas of the tubular film that are not affected by the flattening elements and are arranged between the flattening elements and are associated with the tubular film and the lateral guide elements have an adjustable contour.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a treatment liquid to a web moving in a predetermined web-travel direction has an applicator element having a surface extending transverse to the direction and positioned to contact the moving web. The liquid is applied to the surface such that the liquid is transferred to the moving web where the moving web contacts the surface. A shield directly engages a portion of the surface between the web and the surface so that where the shield extends between the moving web and the surface there is generally no transfer of the liquid from the surface to the moving web. Formations on the shield conduct the liquid away from edges of the shield.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a film web made of thermoplastic material in which the thermoplastic material is extruded in at least one layer as plastic melt from a wide-slit nozzle in an extrusion direction and subsequently led away over at least roller, wherein tensile forces are exerted in the extrusion direction and transversely to the extrusion direction in order to stretch the film web longitudinally and transversely, wherein during application of the tensile forces in and transversely to the extrusion direction the film web has a temperature at least corresponding to the melting temperature of the same.

Abstract: A device for producing multi-layer composites made of thermoplastic materials, including a coextrusion adapter through which the thermoplastic materials can flow. The adapter has an inlet opening and an outlet opening, in which the thermoplastic materials are combined in layers. The coextrusion adapter has a modular design including a plurality of housings stacked on top of each other in a modular manner, each having a central channel arranged in the housing and at least one coextrusion channel opening into the respective central channel. The central channels of the housings stacked on top of each other continue one another, and the thermoplastic materials can flow through the central channel and the coextrusion channels in the direction of the outlet opening.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a film that is provided with markings and is based on a thermoplastic plastic. The thermoplastic plastic is melted in an extruder and emerges from an extrusion die in the form of a melt web. The melt web is conveyed away over a surface of at least one cooling roller and cooled to produce the film. In subregions of the surface of the at least one cooling roller corresponding to the markings, the melt web and/or the film being produced from it is acted on with a different cooling action than in a remainder of the surface.