Abstract: An improved method for making conductive metal patterns involving the steps of treating a substrate with a solution comprising a reducible salt of a non-noble metal and a light radiation sensitive reducing compound, exposing said substrate to light radiant energy, fixing with a solution comprised of a complexing agent followed by electroless deposition, the improvement comprising extending the bath life of said fixing solution by maintaining the concentration of the light sensitive reducing compound on the fixing solution so that it does not exceed 0.4 m moles/liter.

Abstract: A resinous protective coating useful in adhering plastics to metallic substrates. The protective coating is particularly useful as a solder mask and in the manufacture of printed circuit boards with circuit patterns having a resolution of at least 0.25 mm lines and spaces thereon. The protective coating comprises resins dissolved in solvents, wherein the coating, upon being subjected to heat, goes from a liquid or soft "gel-like" state into a solid phase without bleeding. The protective coating is resistant to copper, nickel and gold electroplating baths, adheres to insulating substrates, adhesive coated base materials as well as metallic substrates and is capable of withstanding the thermal shock of dip soldering.

Abstract: In a permanent magnet commutator type D.C. servomotor having a wound iron core armature and a permanent magnet stator, the stator includes a uniquely formed annular yoke. The unique yoke includes a central opening and a plurality of permanent magnet pole pieces, which are securely held to arcuate magnetic material projecting into the opening and which are spaced equally from and about the axis of the yoke. The magnets and arcuate magnetic material form boundaries to accommodate the armature and also form a relieved area between the magnets designed for reduced field distortion. The radial thickness of the magnet pole pieces, the arcuate members of magnetic material and the radial thickness of the yoke are proportioned relative to each other and to the I.D. of the pole pieces at prescribed values to maximize the motor performance.

Abstract: A resinous protective coating useful in the manufacture of printed circuit boards with circuit patterns having a resolution of at least 0.25 mm lines and spaces thereon. The protective coating comprises resins dissolved in solvents, wherein the coating upon being subjected to heat goes from a high viscosity solution to a gel and then to a solid or from a soft "gel-like" state into a solid. The protective coating is resistant to copper electroplating baths, adheres to insulating substrates, adhesive coated base materials as well as metallic substrates and is capable of withstanding the thermal shock of dip soldering.

Abstract: In an electric motor of the type having a permanent magnet rotor which is subject to cogging torque, a plurality of skewed reluctance notches are cut in the outer diameter of the rotor laminations. The rotor laminations have first and second sets of axial openings which are filled respectively with rare earth magnet material and non-ferrous casting material.

Abstract: A process for making substrates for interconnecting components in which a filament is applied and affixed to a base in a pre-programmed pattern, the base surface and applied filaments are coated with a coating and the coating is hardened to form a substantially flat surface over the base and filaments. The coated base is then positioned on a table movable along "x" and "y" axes and the coated base is positioned under a high energy beam at pre-programmed points on the applied filament pattern and access openings are formed in the coating on the base at such points to expose the filament at each such point so that the exposed filament can be interfaced with the exposed surface of the coated base and articles for mounting and interconnecting components formed thereby.

Abstract: A computer controlled apparatus and method for winding electro-magnetic members such as stators comprising a stator holder, motor means for rotating the stator holder, a wire dispensing cylinder, motor means for moving the dispensing means longitudinal of the member to be wound, motor means for feeding wire to the wire dispensing cylinder and means for controlling the wire feed speed of the wire feeding motor means relative to the speeds of the motors for rotating the stator holder and longitudinally moving the wire dispensing cylinder, respectively.

Abstract: In an improved motor control system for a pulse width modulated synchronous brushless motor, means for adaptively controlling the "torque angle", i.e. the angle between the rotating magnetic field created by the stator windings and the rotor field created by the permanent magnets on the rotor, is provided. The relationship between the two magnetic fields is controlled as a function of load and speed to provide the optimum operating point at all times. Controlling the torque angle effectively varies the back EMF constant K.sub.e (V/RPM), and the torque constant K.sub.+ (torque/ampere) of the motor.

Abstract: A hand held device with built-in motor for rotational drive of small tools. The hand held device includes an outer housing consisting of a larger diameter rear part which contains an electric driving motor, an intermediate part of small diameter which contains motion transmitting means, and a front part in which is mounted a holder for the tool to be driven. The electric driving motor is a brushless motor having a rotor encapsulated in a sealed insulating enclosure and includes permanent magnets covered with a layer of conducting metal and a stator made up of multi-phase winding coils embedded in a molded plastic material. The motion transmission means consists of non-contacting magnetic coupling means.

Abstract: A resinous protective coating useful in the manufacture of printed circuit boards with circuit patterns having a resolution of at least 0.25 mm lines and spaces thereon. The protective coating comprises resins dissolved in solvents, wherein the coating upon being subjected to heat goes from a high viscosity solution to a gel and then to a solid or from a soft "gel-like" state into a solid. The protective coating is resistant to copper electroplating baths, adheres to insulating substrates, adhesive coated base materials as well as metallic substrates and is capable of withstanding the thermal shock of dip soldering.

Abstract: A system for rapidly soldering wire to terminal pads of a printed circuit board. A soldering tool is heated to a high temperature above 1000 degrees F., and preferably between 1600 to 2000 degrees F., and has a predetermined effective mass for holding a quantum of heat just sufficient to make an effective solder joint over a broad range of terminal pad conditions.

Abstract: A brushless electric micromotor comprised of a rotor, a shaft and a tube-like part and permanent magnets rotatably mounted and hermetically sealed in a rotor housing, said shaft being supported in bearings. The permanent magnets have their co-axial surfaces coated with a layer of an electrically conductive metal. The micromotor further comprises a stator co-axially surrounding the rotor housing and comprising field windings regularly arranged with equal angular distances in the stator housing made of magnetic material.

Abstract: A brushless D.C. motor control system wherein a read-only memory is used to control the commutated winding energization via drive switching circuits. Position sensors detect the position of the rotor relative to the motor stator and principle digital signals which are used as address inputs for the read-only memory.

Abstract: A servo motor system including a position sensor located within the motor air gap to virtually eliminate mechanical compliance in the servo loop. The transducer is of a capacitive type including interleaved capacitive plates and is designed to be substantially insensitive to the magnetic field of the motor.

Abstract: A linear servo system including a linear motor with a moving permanent magnet the flux of which interacts with current flow through a stator winding. A position servo loop controls the position of the permanent magnet and preferably includes a position transducer located within the motor air gap. The servo system when used in combination with a disk drive preferably includes a coarse/fine positioning program to first move to the desired disk track area and to then move to the center of the disk track. The motor winding located in the air gap can be made of iron or copper clad iron to reduce the size of the effective air gap.

Abstract: A process for extending and fixing conductors to circuit board base surfaces between pre-established spaced points in straight paths and pre-established spaced points in inflected paths, the steps comprising, fixing the end of the conductor to a pad at the first of a pair of pre-selected points and, while feeding the conductor with a guide, moving the board and the guide relative to each other along a straight path to a pad at the second of the pair of pre-established points or to a pad at an inflection point, if the conductor is to be inflected, and then to said second pad. Severing said conductor at said second pad and affixing the conductor end to said second pad. Repeating the foregoing steps until the conductor has been affixed to the pre-established pairs of pads and to the pads at the inflection points.

Abstract: Surfaces of articles are sensitized for the deposition of adherent metal from electroless metal solutions in contact therewith by prior treatment with an activatable complex of copper in a liquid medium formed from a solution comprising a mixture of halogen, cuprous and cupric components and thereafter forming a deposit on the treated article surfaces of a water-insoluble derivative of the said complex. Such surface deposits are treated with a reducing agent or water to enhance their reception of metal in an electroless metal deposition bath.

Abstract: A motor control system wherein the motor windings are energized by sinusoidal excitation currents synthesized from prerecorded sine values. The frequency of the winding excitation currents is synchronous with the rotor movement and the phase is a function of the rotor position with respect to the stator. The phase of the winding excitation is additionally controllable as a function of speed or some other adequate system parameter. It has further been found that the total operational speed range of the system is substantially increased by further adjusting and controlling the phase of the excitation currents as a function of the desired speed.

Abstract: A circuit for driving an electrical load such as an electric motor, by a pulse width modulated current includes a saturable current driver connected to the load. The circuit includes a linear transconductance amplifier with current-sensing feedback for applying a pulse-width modulated control current to the driver. The feedback preserves the extent of saturation and of cut-off by providing current pulses which are invariant with respect to thermally induced changes in circuit parameters. Amplitude and offset control circuitry are also provided for setting the range of current values during the current pulsing to optimize the operation of the driver. In an alternative simplified circuit, a low-level switching circuit drives complementary output transistors operating in a linear fashion, and producing current pulses which are invariant with respect to the saturable driver parameters.

Abstract: A method for producing multiplane circuit boards in which a plurality of planar members, each having a plurality of connecting areas disposed in rows on the planar member, each connecting area having interlinking positions and interrupting positions, with such positions in predetermined locations, are prepared. A plurality of planar members, each having trains of conductors in parallel paths at predetermined locations are also prepared. Such planar members are then stacked, one on the other, with the connecting areas and conducting paths in predetermined position and the stacked planar members are then laminated together. Selected of the interlinking positions and selected of the interrupting positions are then interconnected by drilling the laminate to form the multiplane circuit board.