Abstract: A digital holography device (1) which is capable of measuring a subject with high accuracy by correcting intensity unevenness by accurately removing zeroth-order diffracted light, includes: a hologram generating section (26) for generating a first hologram and a second hologram each obtained by extracting components identical in phase shift amount from a polarizer array hologram which is recorded in an image capturing device (7) mounted with a polarizer array (6); a dividing section (3) for dividing the first hologram into a plurality of first regions, and dividing the second hologram into a plurality of second regions; a comparing section (4) for comparing a first average value of an intensity in a first region of the first hologram and a second average value of an intensity in a second region of the second hologram which region corresponds to the first region; and a correcting section (5) for, in a case where the first average value and the second average value differ, correcting at least one of the first a

Abstract: A flip-flop circuit (FF 10) of the present invention includes master latch circuits (LAT 11 and LAT 12), slave latch circuits (LAT 13 and LAT 14), C-element circuits (CE 11, CE 12, CE 13, and CE 14), and inverter circuits (INV 11, INV 12, INV 13, and INV 14). The inverter circuits (INV 11 and INV 12) are interconnected to each other between the C-element circuit (CE 11) and the C-element circuit (CE 12). The inverter circuits (INV 13 and INV 14) are interconnected to each other between the C-element circuit (CE 13) and the C-element circuit (CE 14).

Abstract: A SMC sheet includes: a sheet material body made of a resin compound containing uncured thermosetting resin; and a fiber sheet embedded as an intermediate layer in the sheet material body and impregnated with the thermosetting resin of the sheet material body. Short fiber is distributed on at least one side of the fiber sheet in the sheet material body.

Abstract: Cypoviruses and baculoviruses are notoriously difficult to eradicate because the virus particles are embedded in micron-sized protein crystals called polyhedra. The remarkable stability of polyhedra means that like bacterial spores these insect viruses remain infectious for years in soil. Although these unique in vivo protein crystals have been extensively characterized since the early 1900s, their atomic organization remains elusive. Here we describe the 2 crystal structure of both recombinant and infectious silkworm cypovirus polyhedra determined using 5-12 micron crystals purified from insect cells. These are the smallest crystals yet used for de novo X-ray protein structure determination. It was found that polyhedra are made of trimers of the viral polyhedrin protein and contain nucleotides. Although the shape of these building blocks is reminiscent of some capsid trimers, polyhedrin has a new fold and has evolved to assemble in vivo into 3-D cubic crystals rather than icosahedral shells.

Abstract: A photocatalyst material and a photocatalyst device capable of generating hydrogen from water by radiation of sunlight at high efficiency. The photocatalyst material according to the present invention includes a nitride-based compound semiconductor obtained by replacement of part of Ga and/or Al by a 3d-transition metal. The nitride-based compound semiconductor has one or more impurity bands. A light absorption coefficient of the nitride-based compound semiconductor is 1,000 cm?1 or more in an entire wavelength region of 1,500 nm or less and 300 nm or more. Further, the photocatalyst material satisfies the following conditions: the energy level of the bottom of the conduction band is more negative than the redox potential of H+/H2; the energy level of the top of the valence band is more positive than the redox potential of O2/H2O; and there is no or little degradation of a material even when the material is irradiated with light underwater.

Abstract: A polarization imaging apparatus includes a laser light source and an image pickup element. Object light and reference light each include a first polarized-light component polarized in a first direction and a second polarized-light component polarized in a second direction that is different from the first direction. The image pickup element simultaneously captures an image of an interference pattern including (i) a first interference figure, (ii) a second interference figure, (iii) a third interference figure, and (iv) a fourth interference figure. The polarization imaging apparatus includes a reconstructing section generating respective reconstructed images of the object in regard to the first and second polarized-light components, from the first to fourth interference figures, and a polarized-light-image-calculating section obtaining polarized-light images from the reconstructed images.

Abstract: In the diagnosis of a structure, at least one electromechanical transducer is fixed to a structure as an object of diagnosis and is driven with an alternating voltage of a constant amplitude, and a current flowing through the at least one electromechanical transducer is measured. Next, high frequency components around a driving frequency of the electromechanical transducer are separated from a signal of the current. Next, modulation information due to a damage is extracted from amplitude and/or phase demodulation of the high frequency components. Then a damage index is evaluated based on the modulation information. Thus, structural health can be diagnosed with use of at least one electromechanical transducer, without baseline data, in one measurement.

Abstract: A new light-absorbing material which can increase the conversion efficiency of a solar cell and a photoelectric conversion element using same are provided. The light-absorbing material of the present invention comprises a nitride-based compound semiconductor obtained by replacement of part of Al and/or Ga in a compound semiconductor expressed by a general formula Al1?yGayN (0?y?1) by at least one kind of 3d-transition metals, the nitride-based compound semiconductor having one or more impurity bands between a valence band and a conduction band, and whose light absorption coefficient over an overall wavelength region of not longer than 1500 nm and not shorter than 300 being not lower than 1000 cm?1.

Abstract: A transmission line microwave apparatus includes at least one nonreciprocal transmission line part, which includes a series branch circuit equivalently including a capacitive element and a shunt branch circuit equivalently including an inductive element. The nonreciprocal transmission line part has gyrotropic characteristic by being magnetized in a magnetization direction different from the propagation direction of a microwave, and has an asymmetric structure to a plane formed by the propagation direction and the magnetization direction. The nonreciprocal transmission line part has a propagation constant and an operating frequency set in a dispersion curve that represents a relation between the propagation constant and the operating frequency so that the propagation constant in the forward direction and the propagation constant in the backward direction have nonreciprocal phase characteristics different from each other.

Abstract: A stress measurement device is arranged such that image processing is carried out with respect to each of a plurality of particles dispersed in an RP model to which light is emitted, movement directions and movement amounts of the respective plurality of particles in the RP model are found, and a three-dimensional stress occurring in the RP model is measured by use of a result of the finding. The stress measurement device includes: a retaining section which retains the RP model while soaking the RP model in a refractive index matching solution having a refractive index that matches a refractive index of the RP model; and a load application mechanism and a load application mechanism which apply a load to the RP model retained by the retaining section.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention includes: a step of setting a piece of a plant containing moisture inside a pressurizing apparatus and hermetically closing the internal space of the pressurizing apparatus; a step of applying a heat and a pressure to the piece of the plant; and a step of (i) enabling ventilation between the inside of the pressurizing apparatus and outside thereof after the piece of the plant reaches a predetermined molding temperature, (ii) retaining the pressure and the temperature for a predetermined period, (iii) cooling a molded article, and (iv) taking out the molded article from the pressurizing apparatus. This realizes a method for processing a plant which method makes it possible to mold a piece of a plant into a desired shape without reducing the piece of the plant into powder and without using an adhesive.

Abstract: A sensor and sensing method are provided in which a ghost which significantly occurs when only higher frequencies are present can be reduced, and a high directivity which is not obtained when only lower frequencies are present can be obtained. A sensor 100 for detecting a direction of an object to be sensed (target), includes a sensing section 102 configured to sense wave motions having a plurality of frequencies which come from the target 2, an information acquisition section 106 configured to acquire information about incoming directions of the wave motions, and a determination section configured to determine the direction of the target 2. The sensing section 102 senses at least a first wave motion having a first one of the plurality of frequencies and a second wave motion having a second one of the plurality of frequencies.

Abstract: A computerized tomography apparatus and program for obtaining a cross-sectional image corresponding to projections are provided in which, for a temporary cross-sectional image f(x, y) obtained in some manner, an evaluation function E is defined which includes differences between projections calculated from f(x, y) and measured projections, and f(x, y) is changed in a manner which substantially decreases E. The computerized tomography apparatus and program are characterized in which a back projection operation, which is required by conventional computerized tomography, is not essentially required. The computerized tomography apparatus and program are particularly effective in removal or reduction of metal artifacts, aliasing artifacts and the like.

Abstract: A tactile sensor unit is provided, which includes a substrate; a coat formed on the substrate; and a cantilever beam structure having one end fixed to the substrate and curved to rise in such a direction that the other end of the cantilever beam structure is farther from the substrate than the one end. The tactile sensor unit detects a load applied to the coat. The cantilever beam structure is capable of resonating at a first resonant frequency and a second resonant frequency which is different from the first resonant frequency. The tactile sensor unit further includes a computation section for calculating a directional component of the load based on a change ratio of the first resonant frequency obtained in accordance with a change in the load and a change ratio of the second resonant frequency obtained in accordance with the change in the load.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention realizes an interference measurement apparatus which can obtain an interference image to be used for obtaining three-dimensional information of a subject which dynamically changes.

Abstract: A method of particle detection includes a shock wave generating step of irradiating a dispersion liquid having dispersed first particles having a first diameter and second particles having a second diameter larger than the first diameter, with a pulse laser, and generating a shock wave in the dispersion liquid, a migration speed difference imparting step of migrating and accelerating the first particles at a first acceleration speed, and the second particles at a second acceleration speed higher than the first acceleration speed, by the shock wave generated at the shock wave generating step, and a detecting step of detecting the first or second particles.

Abstract: A spiral membrane module where membrane elements are easily connected to each other and the connection thereof is prevented from being loosened. The spiral membrane elements (20) are each formed in multiple layers by winding membranes and channel materials around a center tube (3) having holes and are received in a pressure vessel (10) such that they are connected in series with connection mechanisms (J) placed between the membrane elements (20). Each connection mechanism (J) has a movable member (M) installed at either the upstream side end part or the downstream side end part of each membrane element (20) and having an engagement part (9d) engageable with the other of the upstream side end or the downstream side end. The movable member (M) has a contact part (9c) coming into contact with the inner wall (10a) of the pressure vessel (10) and locking the engagement by the engagement part (9d).

Abstract: A composite resin molded product has a molded product body made of a resin and a fiber sheet material inserted on the surface of the molded product body. The fiber sheet material is formed of a knitted fabric, and the rear surface of the knitted fabric faces the molded product. The surfaces of fiber yarns of the knitted fabric are integrated with the molded product body by melting and solidifying.

Abstract: The present invention provides thermoplastic resin molding fiber that is reinforced with natural fiber. The natural fiber is linen fiber to be twisted into spun yarns, and the spun yarns are pulled parallel in at least one direction and are molded integrally with a thermoplastic resin. The linen fiber is flax yarn (linen) fiber molded into the fiber thermoplastic resin molding by a film-stacking method in which a thermoplastic resin film is melted and compressed while having an equilibrium moisture regain. Consequently, the thermoplastic resin molding reinforced with a plant fiber of the present application poses no environmental problem, has a high strength, and has a uniform physical property.

Abstract: The object is to provide a brush which does not easily damage metal during contact therewith. The present invention can provide a brush formed using polyacetal-containing filaments, in which the flexural rigidity per filament is 1 to 100 ?g·m2/yarn.