Abstract: Precursor for ruthenium film deposition, comprising ruthenium tetroxide dissolved in at least one non-flammable solvent, preferably a fluorinated solvent having the general formula CxHyFzOtNu wherein: 2x+2?y+z and 2?x?15 and z>y and t+u?1 (t+u preferably equal to 1) x, y, and z being positive integers equal to or greater than 1, t and u being integers greater than or equal to zero.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for welding at least one, preferably two metal parts to each other, by a laser beam consisting in using a laser beam (10), a first gas flow and a welding nozzle provided with an output orifice which is passed through by the laser beam and the first gas flow and in welding the part(s) by melting the metal thereof at a point of the laser beam impact with said weldable part(s) in such a way that a capillary (11) or a key hole (12) filled with metal vapour is formed. During welding, the first gas flow is directed only to the aperture of the metal vapour capillary in a direction perpendicular to the weldable part(s) in such a way that a dynamic gas pressure is produced.

Abstract: Xe exhaled from a patient is recovered with a polymeric membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for low-NOx combustion with at least one burner (5) using fuel and oxidizing agent and/or furnace off-gases and/or carbon dioxide and/or steam. The low-NOx combustion according to the invention can be used in conventional melting and holding furnaces, in particular in aluminum holding furnaces or rotary drum furnaces and glass-melting furnaces, with the potential for considerable economies to be made.

Abstract: An arc welding process using a consumable electrode, in which welding cycles follow one after another over the course of time, each comprising an arc period and a short-circuit period in which the liquid metal establishes a short-circuit between the end of the electrode and the workpiece or workpieces. Each cycle comprises the steps of: maintaining an arc current I2 at the same time as the consumable electrode is moved towards the workpiece; reducing the current so as to reach a minimum current I1 at the start of the short-circuit; reducing the speed of the consumable wire electrode; increasing the current over the short-circuit period in order to reach a maximum value I4; and then reducing the current over the short-circuit period in order to reach a minimum value I1.

Abstract: A polyimide MMC membrane useful for the production of oxygen-enriched air or nitrogen-enriched-air, for the separation of carbon dioxide from hydrocarbons or nitrogen, and the separation of helium or hydrogen from various streams. Membranes of polyimide polymers, such as polyimide polymers sold under the tradename P-84, are mixed with molecular sieve materials, such as SSZ-13, to make MMC membranes. The MMC membranes of the invention provide improved membrane performance compared to polymer only membranes, particularly when used to form asymmetric film membranes or hollow fiber membranes. The MMC films exhibit consistent permeation performance as dense film or asymmetric membranes, and do not interact with components of the process streams, such as organic solvents. The membranes of the invention exhibit particularly surprisingly good selectivity for the fluids of interest.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid distributor for a material and heat exchange column, comprising a series of adjacent parallel vertical walls (11) which define alternate gas and liquid volumes, whereby some of the vertical walls are separated by horizontal bottom walls, provided with a line of holes and at least one section of each vertical wall is provided with a line of openings (12, 12A), formed in the upper part of the vertical wall and whereby first openings (12) have a first length towards the horizontal wall and second openings (12A) have a second length towards the horizontal wall, the second length being greater than the first.

Abstract: Integrated air separation units with a petrochemical process. This invention provides an integrated process and gas treatment process wherein at least one first pressurized gas derived from a first process at a first site is expanded. Using the work generated by the expansion of at least one pressurized gas, a first gas compressor at the first site is driven, operates, and removes compressed gas from the first gas compressor. At least part of the compressed gas from the first gas compressor is sent to a gas treatment unit located at a remote second site. At least part of the compressed gas sent from the first site to the second site is treated in the gas treatment unit. At least one fluid from the gas treatment unit is removed and at least part of the fluid removed from the gas treatment unit is sent to the first site.

Abstract: The inventive method for filling a pressure gas container from a gas source pressure with a high pressure for a predetermined filling time selected or calculated prior to filling and at a determined temperature consists in forming a connection in the form of a fluid passage between the source and container, in carrying out a plurality of the passage opening-closing sequences during predetermined sub-intervals of the predetermined filling time, wherein the curve of a current pressure in the container follows, according to a time, a theoretical straight line linking the pressure measured prior to filling and after thereof during the filling time, the predetermined filling time is subdivided into a number of the time sub-intervals ranging from two to several hundreds and having respective determined duration, preferably ranging from 5 and 20 seconds.

Abstract: Method for fabricating a fluid connector for fuel cell system: (a) a thermoplastic parison (19) is extruded, (b) the parison is placed in a mould (10a, 10b), (c) an intermediate zone is created, in which the two walls of the parison are joined in a gastight manner, (d) a gas is blown inside the parison into each cavity of the mould, and (e) the mould is opened.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a reservoir, in particular a cryogenic reservoir, provided with two concentric envelops (1, 3), i.e. the internal (1) and external (3), respectively, defining an interwall space (2) therebetween, wherein said internal space (2) is exposable to a reduced operational pressure and the internal envelop (1) is exposable to an internal positive process.

Abstract: Apparatus for respiratory anaesthesia of a patient by administration of a gas containing gaseous xenon, with a main gas circuit which is open or closed and has an inhalation branch and an exhalation branch, means for supply of gaseous xenon to the inhalation branch of the main circuit, and means for determining the xenon concentration. The means for determining the xenon concentration comprise at least one hot-wire sensor having at least one electrically conducting wire in direct contact with the gaseous flow containing the xenon, calculating means that cooperate with the hot-wire sensor(s) in order to determine the xenon concentration (Xe %) in the flow, means for generating an electrical current in order to generate a current in at least one hot wire, and means for voltage measurement that can measure at least one voltage value at the terminal of at least one hot wire or at least one resistance arranged in series with at least one hot wire.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for air separation by cryogenic distillation in a double or triple air separation column. The column in the system with the highest operating pressure is said to be operating at medium pressure. All the air to be distilled is pressurized to a high pressure, which is about 5 bar greater than the medium pressure. The air is purified at this high pressure, and a portion of the purified air is cooled in a heat exchange line, while another portion is expanded in a turbine. Part of the cooled air is drawn from the exchange line with a cold booster, which is mechanically coupled to at least one turbine. An energy dissipation device is also provided which is coupled to the turbine not coupled to the cold booster. The energy dissipation device is either another booster, an oil break system, or an electrical generator.

Abstract: A process for depositing a tellurium-containing film on a substrate is disclosed, including (a) providing a substrate in a reactor; (b) introducing into the reactor at least one tellurium-containing precursor having the formula TeLn or cyclic LTe(-L-)2TeL, wherein at least one L contains a N bonded to one said Te, “n” is between 2-6, inclusive, and each “L,” is independently selected from certain alkyl and aryl groups. The process further includes (c) optionally, introducing at least one M-containing source, wherein M is Si, Ge, Sb, Sn, Pb, Bi, In, Ag or Se, or a combination of any of those; (d) optionally, introducing a hydrogen-containing fluid; (e) optionally, introducing an oxygen-containing fluid; (f) optionally, introducing a nitrogen-containing fluid; (g) reacting the precursor(s) and M-containing source(s), if any, in the reactor with the hydrogen-, oxygen- and/or nitrogen-containing fluid, if any; and (h) depositing a tellurium-containing film onto the substrate.

Abstract: A method of forming a silicon-containing film comprising providing a substrate in a reaction chamber, injecting into the reaction chamber at least one silicon-containing compound; injecting into the reaction chamber at least one co-reactant in the gaseous form; and reacting the substrate, silicon-containing compound, and co-reactant in the gaseous form at a temperature equal to or less than 550° C. to obtain a silicon-containing film deposited onto the substrate. A method of preparing a silicon nitride film comprising introducing a silicon wafer to a reaction chamber; introducing a silicon-containing compound to the reaction chamber; purging the reaction chamber with an inert gas; and introducing a nitrogen-containing co-reactant in gaseous form to the reaction chamber under conditions suitable for the formation of a monomolecular layer of a silicon nitride film on the silicon wafer.

Abstract: A method for filling a compressed-gas container, in particular a compressed gas container in an airbag system, with a gas or gas mixture, or for producing a gas mixture in a compressed gas container. The filling is accomplished by introducing a gas mixture, or at least one gaseous component of the gas mixture, into a cooled compressed-gas container in the form of a gas or liquid-cooled gas.

Abstract: Production plants for treating gas mixtures and methods of their operation. The plant's treatment unit is operated in periods when the cost of electricity is either above a first level or below a second level. At some point when the cost is below the second level, part of the fluid is stored in a storage tank. This stored liquid is supplied to the customer when the cost is above the first level. When the cost is below the second level, a fluid with predefined properties is produced by the treatment unit. When the cost is above the first level, the power consumption of the treatment unit is reduced and a less ideal fluid is produced.

Abstract: Methods for treating a gas mixture of at least propylene and propane, in order to separate the propylene from the propane. The gas mixture is brought into contact with a membrane enables the selective permeation of the propylene with respect to the propane. A propylene-enriched permeate and a propane-enriched retentate is formed. The propylene concentration of the permeate in the membrane is then reduced with a sweeping gas.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for optimization of integrated air separation systems. In an integrated process for the compression, cooling, and purification of air, an adiabatic compressor compresses an air stream to produce a compressed air stream. The compressed air stream is used to warm a first pressurized stream at a first pressure and a second pressurized stream at a second pressure. The produced streams include a first warmed pressurized stream, a second warmed pressurized stream, and a cooled compressed air stream. The first warmed pressurized stream is gaseous and is expanded in a turbine. At least part of the work produced by the turbine is used to power the adiabatic compressor. The cooled compressed air stream is further cooled by a cooling unit by heat exchange with water, and then purified in a purifying unit using a TSA process.