Abstract: Ground bottom ash, a waste material derived from combustion of coal, which presents a disposal problem, replaces part of the cement in a cementitious material useful in concretes and mortars and provides compressive strengths in concretes comparable with or better than corresponding cements in which there is no replacement of cement by ground bottom ash and cements containing fly ash.

Abstract: An industrial floor, comprising at least one covering layer on a new or existing concrete base, said covering being not bound to the concrete base and obtained from a composition based on at least one hydraulic binder, said floor further comprising, between the concrete base and the covering layer, from the upper face of the concrete base: (a) a smoothing layer enabling the flatness/roughness of said upper face to be less than 2 mm under a 2 meter rule; (b) on the smoothing layer, at least one separating layer for preventing the first covering layer from adhering to the smoothing layer on the base; (c) on the separating layer, at least one covering layer having a maximum of 30 mm.

Abstract: Contaminated coal ash, for example flyash contaminated with carbon is introduced to hot clinker in a cooler downstream of a cement kiln; the carbon is combusted in the cooler to provide a cement clinker having an effective content of flyash free of carbon; this permits use of flyash contaminated with carbon without the need for separate special steps for carbon removal; volatile contaminants or contaminants having a volatile component, for example adsorbed ammonia are similarly removed in the cooler by volatilization.

Abstract: A feeding apparatus for feeding whole tires into a cement kiln comprising a feed opening in the shell of the kiln, a passageway including a sleeve extending within and outside the kiln, an arcuate sector valve device for closing the passageway and timed to open so as to allow the tires to fall into the kiln through the passageway. The sector valve having an outer perforated wall and an inner wall, the perforated wall allowing ambient air to circulate between the outer and inner wall to keep the outer wall cool for contact with the tires. A transfer device is provided for transferring the tires onto the feeding apparatus wherein the transfer device includes fingers while the feeding apparatus includes a fork receiving tray interdigitated with the fingers to pick up the tires as the kiln rotates.

Abstract: A cement mix based on an inorganic hydraulic cement, for example, Portland Cement, an air-cooled blast furnace slag and silica fume produces concretes having strength characteristics superior to those achieved by the cement alone; furthermore this cement mix is superior to a corresponding mix based on the inorganic hydraulic cement, and the air-cooled slag without the silica fume, and to a corresponding mix based on the cement and silica fume without the slag; additionally a cost saving in the expensive Portland Cement is achieved by use of the air-cooled slag which is a waste material and cheaper than granulated or pelletized slag.

Abstract: Setting and hardening accelerating agent for siliceous hydraulic binders wherein: a) it is obtained by hydration, in the usual pressure and temperature conditions, and grinding of a siliceous hydraulic binder aqueous suspension; b) the suspension particles are sufficiently fine for the agent to meet the following test requirements: an aqueous suspension in a sedimentation specimen at 20.degree. C., containing 10 grams (dry weight) of the accelerating agent in 100 ml of water, must have a sedimentation deposit height at least equal to 50% of the initial height at the end of two days; c) it is in the form of an aqueous suspension.

Abstract: Process for protecting articles from shock comprising encasing such articles in a plurality of molded blocks of a composition capable of progressively and irreversibly deforming in response to such shocks, said composition comprising cellulosic fibers dispersed in a matrix of at least one non-hydrated hydraulic binder, wherein from 2.5 to 75 parts by weight of the cellulosic fibers are dispersed per 100 parts by weight of said binder, said composition, upon curing and drying, exhibiting a density between 0.15 and 0.60.

Abstract: A drain tank for installation underground has a longer life than steel and fibreglass tanks and has a leak detection system to identify leaks. The drain tank comprises a sealed concrete chamber having at least one opening at the top thereof with a collar integral therewith, a manway connected to the collar extending upwards, the manway having a top lid with a vent and pump out exit. Inside the concrete chamber is an impervious bag liner which is sealed to the collar; an entry pipe passes through the chamber side wall and the liner and a leak detector tube passes down into the chamber to a location at the base between the chamber and the liner having an intermediate gap spacing arranged therein for an insertion tube to pass therethrough thereby facilitating the task of leak detection when interconnecting such insertion tube with a vacuum means and a suction reservoir.

Abstract: A source of free lime is introduced into a cooling zone of a cement kiln in an amount to elevate the free lime content to a content of 0.6 to 2.0%, by weight. This addition is made without altering the normal or standard process operating parameters of the kiln for cement clinker production. The free lime content of 0.6 to 2.0%, by weight, provides advantageous characteristics in cement produced with the cement clinker.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment method for urban waste incineration residues in a finely divided form, in which the residues to be treated are homogenized and their composition is subjected to a chemical analysis. Then, the residues are mixed with water and a reagent containing active alumina in proportions determined in relation to the chemical analysis of the residues, in order to generate complex aluminates, whereas active alumina is in excess.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the purification of a polluted aqueous effluent to obtain an overall reduction in its chemical oxygen demand. The aqueous effluent is introduced into a reactor. Added to the reactor is a reagent comprising an agent supplying active alumina and lime. The reaction forms mineral sludge and an effluent. The mineral sludge and supernatant effluent are then extracted by decantation or filtration.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the treatment of incineration residues of urban or industrial wastes comprising the following steps;a first step of chemical analysis of the incineration residues of urban or industrial wastes in order to determine:their water-soluble sulfate content,the overall retarding or accelerating action of the water-soluble ions which are liable to hinder the setting or hardening of a Portland cement,a second step in which the urban or industrial waste incineration residues are mixed or crushed, with a hydraulic binder and additives, followed by granulation with water of the mixture obtained with the granules then left to harden, the nature and proportion of said hydraulic binder and said additives having been selected in order to allow both the physical and/or chemical neutralization of the harmful elements for setting or hardening of a Portland cement present in the wastes, as well as the production of granules with low porosity and low permeability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the purification of aqueous solutions polluted by nitrate ions. This process is characterised in that it consists in precipitating hydrated double or mixed calcium nitroaluminates, such as, in particular, hydrated calcium mononitroaluminate, by adding at least one agent supplying the element aluminium and at least one agent supplying the element calcium to the solutions to be treated, the overall mole ratio of the element aluminium to nitrate, Al/NO3, being superior to 1 and the overall mole ratio of calcium to nitrate, Ca/NO3, being superior to 2, and in that the precipitation reaction is performed with stirring and at a basic pH, preferably above 10.5.The process according to the invention is intende, in particular, to the treatment of polluted waters such as municipal waste water and factory effluents and to the treatment of liquid manure.

Abstract: A process for the preparation in an aqueous medium of purified calcium sulfate, with high whiteness, characterized in that it comprises:a) the formation of an aqueous solution by dissolution of impure hemihydrated calcium sulfate, at a concentration at most of 13.0 grams per liter (expressed in dissolved CaSO.sub.4) and at a pH of at least 5.

Abstract: Method for analysis of the content of certain elements in a continuous flow of bulk materials by neutron bombardment and measurement of the gamma radiation emitted by such elements, which makes it possible to distinguish between the capture radiation and the activation radiation. The neutron source is a neutron-generating tube which is activated periodically. The signals from a single gamma radiation detector are considered only after neutron emission has ceased, during distinct intervals corresponding to the phenomena of capture and radiation of the activated elements, respectively. The respective signals are treated in two distinct measurement routes, and the measurements are then combined automatically. A third measurements route can be provided for gamma radiation resulting from inelastic collisions. The source and the detector are positioned in a probe lodged in a polyethylene protective tube within the flow of the materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cement-based injection grout for filling-in and consolidating fine cracks.According to the invention, the injection grout is produced from a finely ground Portland cement with removal of all the particles of sizes greater than 30 microns, the said cement having added to it a water-reducing plasticizer or thinner in a proportion not exceeding 2% and being mixed with water, the weight ratio of the quantity of water to the quantity of cement not exceeding 0.6.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and a composition for accelerating the setting of Portland cement, shortening the migration phase of calcium ions into the liquid phase and complexing the lime of the Portland cement, whereby the said composition is essentially formed from the following constituents: a calcium aluminates- and trihydrated alumina-based material.

Abstract: Pollen suppressants of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z represents a divalent organic radical of the formula --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.N--, --CH.dbd.CH--N.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--NH--, --CH.dbd.CH--O--, or --CH.dbd.CH--S-- or said radical in which an H of Z is replaced with a halogen atom with the proviso that no more than three H of Z are replaced by fluorine; a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanoyl, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, or trihalomethyl group; or a group of the formula --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; Y is Y.sup.1 R.sup.3 or NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 wherein Y.sup.1 is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.3 hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxyalkyl, cyclohexylmethyl, halogenated C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl, or benzyl; and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Pollen suppressants of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z represents a divalent organic radical of the formula --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.N--, --CH.dbd.CH--N.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--NH--, --CH.dbd.CH--O, or --CH.dbd.CH--S-- or said radical in which an H of Z is replaced with a halogen atom with the proviso that no more than three H of Z are replaced by fluorine; a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanoyl, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, or trihalomethyl group; or a group of the formula --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; Y is Y.sup.1 R.sup.3 or NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 wherein Y.sup.1 is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkynyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxyalkyl, cyclohexylmethyl, halogenated C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl, or benzyl; and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.

Abstract: Pollen suppressants of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z represents a divalent organic radical of the formula --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.N--, --CH.dbd.CH--N.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--NH--, --CH.dbd.CH--O--, or --CH.dbd.CH--S-- or said radical in which an H of Z is replaced with a halogen atom with the proviso that no more than three H or Z are replaced by fluorine; a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanoyl, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, or trihalomethyl group; or a group of the formula --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; Y is Y.sup.1 R.sup.3 or NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 wherein Y.sup.1 is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxyalkyl, cyclohexylmethyl, halogenated C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl, or benzyl; and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.