Abstract: A mobile telephone system is provided with a new architecture for dealing with voice internet protocol traffic. Real time traffic from mobile stations (22) is routed by a public land mobile telephone network internet protocol core (20) directly to one of two media gateways (28,32) respectively serving a plain switched telecommunication network/integrated services digital network (26) and an internet protocol backbone (30) without passing through the usual general packet radio system (GPRS) specific gateway.

Abstract: A view multiplexer, a viewing infrastructure and a method of multiplexing a view for use with a service application. In one embodiment, the viewing infrastructure includes a service application, a communications network coupled to the service application, a plurality of viewers coupled to the network and a view multiplexer coupled to both the service application and the communications network. A service coordinator of the view multiplexer simulates a single representative viewer from the plurality of viewers to the service application. A state collaborator, which is coupled to the service coordinator of the view multiplexer, provides a network state to the plurality of viewers.

Abstract: A method and device are disclosed which receives packets streamed over a packet network, decodes the packets received to generate a decoded signal stream and filters the decoded signal stream to generate a pulse code modulated (PCM) signal stream. The PCM signal stream may be tailored to conform to the target destination transport requirements, including call channels established over circuit-switched networks, whether wired or wireless, without modifying the capabilities associated with the network infrastructure or the client phone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interactive language instruction is provided that displays text files for processing, provide key features and functions for interactive learning, displays facial animation, and provides a workspace for language building functions. The system includes a stored set of language rules as part of the text-to-speech sub-system, as well as another stored set of rules as applied to the process of learning a language. The method implemented by the system includes digitally converting text to audible speech, providing the audible speech to a user or student (with the aid of an animated image in selected circumstances), prompting the student to replicate the audible speech, comparing the student's replication with the audible speech provided by the system, and providing feedback and reinforcement to the student by, for example, selectively recording or playing back the audible speech and the student's replication.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a monitoring system configured to monitor output wavelengths, power, and channel switching of tunable lasers employed in an optical transmitter and provide feedback to those lasers, e.g., to lock on the wavelengths corresponding to optical channels in the transmitter. The monitoring system has a monitoring switch fabric, such as an optical waveguide grating (AWG), and one or more photodetector arrays coupled to the transmitter. Optical channels in the monitoring AWG may be offset relative to the optical channels in the transmitter and shaped to allow more sensitive monitoring of, e.g., wavelength drifting of the tunable lasers. The monitoring system may track the lasers in a non-disruptive continuous manner while data is transmitted through the transmitter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for selectively pretuning and updating a phase lock loop, deployed in an integrated circuit including an agile radio, such as a wideband or an ultra wideband frequency agile radio in a telecommunication system, for example, a reconfigurable multiband and/or multistandard mobile communication system. In one embodiment, a phase lock loop may comprise a digital storage having a first desired frequency. An oscillator may provide an oscillator frequency and a frequency generator circuit capable of producing at least one control signal may cause the oscillator to adapt the oscillator frequency based on the first desired frequency in response to a trigger signal. A pretune unit may apply a pretune voltage to a tuning element to cause the oscillator to calibrate the oscillator frequency to the first desired frequency.

Abstract: A flexible Boundary Scan test system is disclosed. The system includes an interpreter module operable to execute a program element selected from a plurality of program elements that include at least one instruction type having an interface to identify and execute selected functions wherein each of the selected functions has associated therewith at least one data information item. In one aspect of the invention, selected ones of the functions are composed of a plurality of functions. In another aspect of the invention, the instruction includes parameters and adornments for determining the selected function execution.

Abstract: A telecommunication network and method of billing a first subscriber associated with a first party to a call for variable call charges normally billed to a second subscriber associated with a second party is provided. The method includes: providing a charge-all mode, connecting the call between the first and second parties, determining whether charge-all mode has been arranged for the first subscriber, determining whether charge-all mode has been arranged for the second subscriber, and, if charge-all mode has been arranged for at least one, but not both, of the first and second subscribers, billing the subscriber associated with the at least one subscriber for variable charges associated with the call. The telecommunication network includes a first network serving the first party and adapted to provide charge-all mode to the first subscriber and a second network serving the second party and adapted to provide charge-all mode to the second subscriber.

Abstract: Techniques are provided by which a device that performs private key operations (e.g., signatures or decryptions) in networked applications, and whose local private key is activated with, for example, a password or PIN, can be immunized to offline dictionary attacks in case the device is captured. The techniques do not assume tamper resistance of the device, but rather exploit the networked nature of the device, in that the device's private key operations are performed using a simple interaction with a remote server. This server, however, is untrusted, i.e., its compromise does not reduce the security of the device's private key unless the device is also captured, and need not have a prior relationship with the device. Techniques are also provided for supporting key disabling, by which the rightful owner of a stolen device can disable the device's private key even if the attacker already knows the user's password.

Abstract: An orthogonal heterodyne in-band optical signal-to-noise-ratio (OSNR) monitoring method and apparatus that use the polarization characteristics of two narrow bandwidth filtered optical spectral components which is not only insensitive to the effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and inter-channel cross-phase modulation (XPM) induced nonlinear polarization scattering, but also independent of bit rate and modulation format. The monitoring method is demonstrated for both linear and nonlinear systems.

Abstract: In the method of determining an airlink modulation and coding scheme, at least one link quality indicator is compensated, and a modulation and coding scheme is read from a table using the compensated link quality indicator. In one embodiment, the at least one link quality indicator includes bit error probability (BEP).

Abstract: A pointing device is provided for use with a computer, including a tracking device adapted to generate a signal for use by a processor in moving a pointer on screen, and a selecting device adapted generate a selection signal for use by the processor to determine operations to execute. The tracking device and the selecting device are respectively incorporated into at least two distinct apparatuses that are separately operable by different and multiple user body parts. In exemplary embodiments of the invention, the improved pointing device may be operated at least in part by, for example, several of a user's fingers, by a foot, or by a user's eyes. The pointing device thus distributes conventional mouse functions in a way that allows them to be executed by multiple body parts, thereby reducing repeated stress to any single user appendage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for managing a firewall. The disclosed firewall manager facilitates the generation of a security policy for a particular network environment, and automatically generates the firewall-specific configuration files from the security policy simultaneously for multiple gateways. The security policy is separated from the vendor-specific rule syntax and semantics and from the actual network topology. Thus, the security administrator can focus on designing an appropriate policy without worrying about firewall rule complexity, rule ordering, and other low-level configuration issues. In addition, the administrator can maintain a consistent policy in the presence of intranet topology changes. The disclosed firewall manager utilizes a model definition language (MDL) and an associated parser to produce an entity relationship model. A model compiler translates the entity-relationship model into the appropriate firewall configuration files.

Abstract: An improved method for packet transmission scheduling and an improved packet transmission scheduling system in mobile telecommunication systems. Both the improved method and the system especially adapted to be used for UMTS systems.

Abstract: A base station for mobile telecommunications comprises a main body and an antenna assembly mounted in a position at a distance from the main body. The antenna assembly comprises at least one antenna for transmission to and reception of signals from mobile user terminals. The antenna assembly further comprises a receiver for determining position from satellite signals so as to determine the location of the antenna assembly.

Abstract: The planes of chips in a flip-chip arrangement, when at least one of the chips has an insulating layer running through it, may be electrically connected together by incorporating into the top chip a flexible metalized structure which is pinned to the top layer of the bottom chip using a wire bond ball which is connected to a wire that is attached to a pad on the top layer of the upper chip. A single connection connects both layers of the top chip to the layer on the bottom chip. The flexible structure may be similar to a collapsible cup with a hole in the middle or it may be a tiltable micro mirror.

Abstract: A security bar providing improved security from breach is obtained with the use of a plurality of free rolling inner bars. Illustratively, three inner rolling bars, arranged in a triangular relationship, are provided inside a cylindrically hollowed out outer bar, thereby ensuring that no inner bar can be attacked simultaneously from opposing sides thereof. The inner bars may be surrounded with a ring of ball bearings to provide for their ability to roll freely in place with respect to the outer bar. Electronic monitoring of the security bar identifies attempts to breach the security bar.

Abstract: There is disclosed in a packet switched network a method of encoding speech packets into blocks, each speech packet including a speech header and a payload comprised of a speech frame, wherein at least two speech frames are encoded into a single block. Each speech frame may be associated with a different user. An EDGE network utilizes such a method.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a back out routine for a failed programmable hardware update is provided. In one embodiment, the method includes: a) storing a new software image for the programmable device associated with the hardware update, b) storing a previous software image for the programmable device, c) programming the programmable device to operate according to the new software image, d) determining if there is a failure associated with the programming step, and e) if a failure is identified, programming the programmable device to operate according to the previous software image, otherwise the hardware update to the programmable device was successful. In one aspect, the back out routine is provided for a program load failure. In another aspect, the back out routine is provided for a programmable device failure.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus and associated methods for providing access to and switching of information in a packet data network. More particularly, the invention is directed to a platform facilitating both packet switching capabilities and associated access interface functions in a single system.