Abstract: A method and apparatus for alerting a plurality of groups of telephone stations in sequence in response to receipt of a pilot directory number in a first telephone switching system first switch alerting a group of telephones; if none of the first group of telephones answers establishing a connection via a second pilot directory number to a second switch for accessing a second group of telephones and alerting the members of the second group. Advantageously, this arrangement allows a telephone call to be completed to a first preferred group of telephones before attempting to complete the call to a second group of telephones.

Abstract: A Packet Voice Gateway (PVG) system and related method are disclosed wherein a single ATM circuit emulation board performs conversion of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) formatted cells received from an ATM packet network to a Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) format for delivery to a circuit switched network, including AAL 1/2 bearer cells, AAL 3/4 data cells, AAL5 signaling cells, and raw AAL0 cells. In particular, as ATM cells are received from the ATM packet network, their cell headers are translated according to a predetermined translation scheme. The ATM cells are then processed according to their translated cell headers, which allows the cells to be handled according to their payload type.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for calculating in-place pat metric addressing far a trellis processing arrangement are provided. An arrangement of cascaded multiplexers and stores receives a known input sequence of path metrics. The input sequence of path metrics is manipulated such that certain of the path metrics are delayed in the stores by a clock cycle, whilst the remaining path metrics are presented to the cascaded banks of multiplexers. In this manner, the input sequence of path metrics is continuously processed to produce a desired output sequence of path metrics. Advantageously, embodiments of the apparatus and method may be practiced on either a forward trellis or a reverse trellis.

Abstract: A scalable system and method for locating a closest server in response to a client request via an interactive distribution network, such as the Internet, are provided. A closest content server is defined as having the least round trip time for responding to a client request. The system including a plurality of content servers; and a local server in communication with a plurality of clients, the local server acting as a proxy for communicating client requests from clients to a redirection server. Client network distance and load information is periodically collected at each content server in the network from clients communicating with each of the respective content servers. The redirection server periodically aggregates the network distance and load information from each content server to create client clusters from both current and previously aggregated network distance and load information. Each client cluster represents a division or partition of the total IP address space.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for wireless communication in systems such as omni-beam and narrow-beam fixed wireless loop (FWL) systems. In a first technique in accordance with the invention, referred to as code division duplex (CDD) time-slotted CDMA, uplink and downlink portions of the system are separated using code division duplexing, while the users within a given cell are also separated using codes, e.g., using time-slotted CDMA. In a second technique in accordance with the invention, referred to as time division duplex (TDD) time-slotted CDMA, uplink and downlink portions of the system are separated using time division duplexing, e.g., time slots, while the users in a given cell are separated using codes, e.g., time-slotted CDMA. Both the CDD and TDD techniques may make use of an electronically-steered beam which is designed to provide simultaneous coverage within a given cell for two or more users separated by codes.

Abstract: A high power multi-frequency laser includes a laser cavity defined by reflective elements, a frequency routing device in the cavity comprising a plurality of frequency selective pathways, a first set of optical amplifiers optically coupled to a first end of the frequency routing device, and a second set of optical amplifiers optically coupling a second end of the frequency routing device and a first one of the reflective elements. The high power multi-frequency laser further includes a power combiner. The power combiner is optically coupled to the first set of optical amplifiers and a second one of the reflective elements and combines the outputs of the first set of optical amplifiers such that a common output for the multi-frequency laser is provided. The common output of the present invention provides a single output from the multi-frequency laser having a high output coupling efficiency.

Abstract: A method of forward error control in which a transmitter receives data from an input device and creates one or more original codewords that are transmitted onto each of two physically distinct telecommunications channels. Two copies of the original codeword are transmitted to the receiver via physically distinct channels to increase the robustness of the telecommunications channel between the transmitter and the receiver and to minimize the elapsed time between when the transmitter transmits the original codeword and when receiver has a final estimate of the original codeword available for output.

Abstract: One example of symbol or bit error probability estimation in a communication system using soft decision information determines soft decision metric(s) for each symbol that is received over a communication channel and employs the soft decision metric(s) to obtain an estimate of symbol or bit error probability.

Abstract: The Impedance Product Operator can be implemented in a number of embodiments to produce a new non-reciprocal (n+1)-port network element with the distinguishing property that if n 2-termial impedances, Z2, . . . Zn+1 are connected at ports 2, . . . , n+1 of an Impedance Product Operator, the input impedance offered by this loaded multi-port at port 1 is Z ( 1 ) = ? k = 2 n + 1 ? ? Z k . As a single network element, the Impedance Product Operator offers a direct yet general mechanism for multiplication of 2-terminal impedance functions. This network element allows simpler and more direct synthesis of driving point impedance functions.

Abstract: An optical transmission fiber including a core having a first index of refraction, a cladding material located around the core and having a second index of refraction less than the first index of refraction, a first coating material located around a first portion of the cladding material and having a third index of refraction greater than the second index of refraction, and a second coating material located around a second portion of the cladding material and having a fourth index of refraction less than the second index of refraction.

Abstract: A wireless telecommunication system receives information from a wireless mobile unit and determines that the wireless mobile unit is within a designated region. Information specific to the designated region is received at a centrally located location-based message server. As the traveler enters the designated region, the wireless mobile unit then receives information specific to the designated region such as information relating to traffic problems or desired locations within the region. Alternatively, a problem is identified and designated as relating to a particular region, and wireless mobile units within the designated region are then identified so that information relating to the problem can be output thereto. As such, information specific to a region occupied to a traveler is received.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a 911 emergency voice/data telecommunication network are provided. In one embodiment, the telecommunication network includes: a caller device originating a 911 emergency call having a voice portion, and a data portion, a local service interface, a public voice network, a public data network, and an ESN, wherein the ESN determines the appropriate emergency service organization to receive the 911 emergency call and dispatches the voice portion and data portion thereto. In another embodiment, the telecommunication network includes: a BS, MSC, MPC, and PDE. In another embodiment, the 911 emergency call includes a 911 origination service option. In another aspect of the invention, a method for communicating a mobile-originated 911 emergency call to an appropriate PSAP is provided. In still another aspect of the invention, a caller device for originating the 911 emergency call is provided. The caller device includes: a microphone, a camera, and a 911 button.

Abstract: An integrated network element includes the functions of multiple Ring add-drop-multiplexers and a digital cross connect. A user may provision cross connections between input and output path-level units of bandwidth referred to herein as “logical tributaries.” Each port within the integrated network element may be combined with one or more other ports to form a user-provisioned association of optical interface ports that is used for line protection (or SDH multiplex section protection) in a particular type of network configuration, referred to as a “port protection group”. Each port within a port protection group may have a plurality of logical tributaries associated with it.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for analyzing the operation of one or more network gateways, such as firewalls or routers, that perform a packet filtering function in a network environment. Given a user query, the disclosed firewall analysis tool simulates the behavior of the various firewalls, taking into account the topology of the network environment, and determines which portions of the services or machines specified in the original query would manage to reach from the source to the destination. The relevant packet-filtering configuration files are collected and an internal representation of the implied security policy is derived. A graph data structure is used to represent the network topology. A gateway-zone graph permits the firewall analysis tool to determine where given packets will travel in the network, and which gateways will be encountered along those paths.

Abstract: Improved arrangement for interfacing between a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), and a telephone network and data network. A Low-Pass Filter is mounted together with a POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) interface circuit to reduce the number of connections to a Main Distributing Frame (MDF). Other arrangements are disclosed for mounting blocking capacitors to isolate a data network test access from the POTS service provision. Advantageously, reliable DSL service is provided at lower operations and apparatus cost.

Abstract: A mobile telephone network provides a network operator domain in which the output from a radio network controller (RAN) is processed by a voice capable serving GPRS support mode (VC-SGSN). The VC-SGSN consists of the combination of a voice service box (VSB) and a service GPRS support node (SGSN). The VSB and the SGSN can jointly access the same home location register). The output of the SGSN can be forwarded to the internet via a gateway GPRS support node while the output of the VSB can be forwarded to the public switched telephone network (PSTN).

Abstract: In an event monitor associated with an information processing system, data values corresponding to monitored events are processed using a set of parameters characterizing a reference distribution of the data values. From a given one of the data values a corresponding probability value is computed utilizing the set of parameters. A thresholding operation is then performed on the probability value, and alarm information is generated based on the result of the thresholding operation. The set of parameters are periodically updated to take into account one or more of the data values.

Abstract: JTAG operations are carried out remotely over a network interface. The host processor includes a JTAG interpreter and a host side JTAG driver. A target device includes a target side JTAG driver. The interpreter processes and translates JTAG design files. The host side JTAG driver generates messages for the target side JTAG driver based on the translation. The host JTAG driver delivers the messages to a host network interface. The host network interface is connected via a network link to a target network interface. The target network interface is connected to the target side JTAG driver. The target side JTAG driver communicates with a target boundary scan chain. The target side JTAG driver and host side JTAG driver communicate over the network link. Network overhead is reduced by buffering messages until a message requiring a return of test data is ready for transmission.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transferring an ATM call. A first ATM call (124) is established between a first party (120) and a second party (116) and a second ATM call (128) is established between the second party (116) and a third party (118). The first and second ATM calls both include a plurality of segments (124a–d, 128a–d) or connections that are coupled to a plurality of ATM switches (208, 210, 212, 214) over ATM facilities to provide virtual connections. The transfer is accomplished by sending a message to the ATM switch over the ATM facility (109) to request the transfer of the first party to the third party. The message identifies the first ATM call and the second ATM call. The switch makes a new connection (220) between the first ATM call and the second ATM call and releases the segments of the first and second ATM calls that connect the ATM switch to the second party. As a result, the first party and the third party are connected for communication.

Abstract: An optical device for discretionary treatment of channels of an optical beam, the optical device comprising: (a) a port for at least transmitting or receiving a first beam having a plurality of channels; (b) a wavelength discriminating device optically coupled to the port, the wavelength discriminating device adapted for at least one of receiving the first beam and diffracting the beam into a plurality of channel beams or receiving a plurality of channel beams and combining the channel beams into the first beam; and (c) an array of reflective elements, the reflective elements exceeding the number of channels, at least a portion of the reflective elements being optically coupled to the wavelength discriminating device to reflect the channel beams, at least two reflective elements of the portion corresponding to a particular channel beam, the at least two reflective elements being controllable to effect a desired output of the particular channel beam.