Abstract: The present invention provides a method for conveying information over a communication network such as a Digital Loop Carrier (DLC) network free of in-band signaling information for at least a portion of an established communication between at least two users so as to reduce the information error rate associated with the established communication. For communication links that support robbed-bit signaling (RBS), the RBS signaling is disabled to allow the communication link to be operated in a clear channel mode. When appropriate, operations can be switch from the clear channel mode back to the RBS mode. Embodiments are described for one-stage DLC systems having a local digital switch (LDS) connected to a remote terminal (RT) by a communication link conforming to either the TR-303 protocol or the TR-008 protocol. In addition, embodiments are described for two-stage DLC systems that also have a distance terminal (DT) connected to the RT by a second communication link.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a MEMS device, an integrated circuit having a plurality of MEMS devices and drivers, a method of operating the drive circuit and a method of manufacturing the integrated circuit. In one embodiment, the drive circuit includes: (1) an electrode driver and (2) a switching network, coupled to an output of said electrode driver that: (a) in a first configuration, couples said output to a first electrode of an axis of said MEMS device and grounds an opposing second electrode of said axis of said MEMS device and (b) in a second configuration, couples said output to said second electrode and grounds said first electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for warm starting a system where the system includes region(s) of software code incapable of warm starting. More particularly, the invention is directed to a warm starting routine that includes determining in which of a plurality of regions of the software code that the code was being executed when an initiation of a warm start routine occurred. The determination is based, in a preferred embodiment, on the status of flags associated with the regions of the software code. Based on the results of the determination, the method of the present invention proceeds in a variety of defined manners to return the system to normal operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for maintaining and distributing configuration information for a given service by the configured service itself. The configured service controls the creation of its own configuration information, as well as updates and access thereto. Any valid and authorized updates to the configuration information may be implemented by the configured service immediately. The configured service can maintain the configuration information as a synthetic file in a hierarchical file system, for access by authorized end-users (clients). The information recorded in the configuration file can be presented, maintained and updated in the same manner as a dynamic file. Access control features of the file system can be utilized to restrict access to the configuration files and the editing tools can be used to update the configuration information. All end-users can access the same configuration information using the same dynamic file.

Abstract: A method, controller, system, and computer program for generating data points by measuring the power of the transmitted/received signal while each antenna element is rotated through a series of phase angles. Thereafter, a pairwise comparison of these data points is performed in order to determine the phase and amplitude corrections needed for each antenna element. This pairwise analysis uses as few as three signal measurements for each antenna element, made at sparse, arbitrarily spaced phase angles. Further, the method includes smart data selection to ignore bad data points resulting from anomalies or noise bursts.

Abstract: A router in accordance with the principles of the present invention employs explicit routing protocols to establish a plurality of explicitly routed label switched paths between source and sink routers. The sink router selects one of these explicitly routed paths as a primary path and communicates along that path. Upon a failure in a path selected as a primary path, a secondary path is instantaneously selected as the new primary path. Since the new route has already been established, there is no need to re-compute the path at the time of a failure. Consequently, a new path is rapidly established in response to the failure of a path. One of the new routers may employ physical level maintenance information, such as loss of signal (LOS) or loss of pointer (LOP), for example, to detect such path failures. Additionally, the new router may employ provisioned flow information to propagate path failure alarms.

Abstract: A system and method of cache replacement for streaming multimedia is provided. A network system includes a content provider connected to local service providers via an interactive distribution network, such as the Internet. The local service providers facilitate delivery of the content from the content provider to multiple subscribers. For each of the data blocks which make up the multimedia stream requested by a subscriber, the local service provider receiving the request determines whether the request can be serviced locally or whether the requested data blocks must be retrieved from the content provider. In the case where the portion of the requested stream must be retrieved from the content provider, the local service provider attempts to cache the requested blocks in its local cache in addition to streaming the data blocks to the requesting subscriber.

Abstract: A sound discriminator (107, 207) in accordance with the invention distinguishes or emphasis a specific audio signal or class or audio signals. The sound discriminator is employed in a digital audio encoding and/or decoding process. A comparator (110, 210) within the sound discriminator compares a received representation of an audio signal with a stored representation (112, 212) of a desired signal. An error between the two signals is determined and if the error is within an acceptable range, the stored representation of the desired signal replaces the actual received representation of the audio signal in an encoded or decoded stream of data. In this manner, a desired signal within an encoded or decoded signal is discriminated.

Abstract: A network interface architecture includes a processor having an associated program memory, and a programmable logic device coupled to the processor. A connection port of the logic device is adapted to be coupled to a medium of a selected network having a defined network protocol, and the logic device has an associated configuration memory. A data communication path is coupled to the processor and the logic device, and is arranged to connect with a host device for transferring data between the host device and a network to which the logic device is coupled. The processor responds to information identifying a selected network by loading corresponding network protocol data from the configuration memory and the program memory into the logic device and the processor. The host device may include, without limitation, a personal, lap top, desk top or hand-held computer, a network appliance, file server, printer, vending machine, cell phone or the like.

Abstract: Duplicate processing at network operators is avoided by applying once-only processing at operators which are adjacent to either the source or destination host of a data packet. An operator is adjacent to a host if there exists a path between the operator and the host containing no other operators. In one embodiment, an operator determines that it is adjacent to a host if it receives a special broadcast data packet from the host. To ensure that no other operators receive the special broadcast data packet, the adjacent operator drops the packet. In another embodiment, operators determine whether they are adjacent to identified hosts by transmitting special ping packets to the hosts. If an operator receives a ping response from the host, the operator determines that it is adjacent to the host. To ensure that only adjacent operators receive ping responses, intervening operators drop special ping packets received from other operators.

Abstract: A method is described for solving traffic engineering problems in a network. In one aspect, the invention is used in a network that has at least one QoS service class and at least one class of service that is not a QoS class. Bandwidth is allocated to service routes in the QoS service class so as to optimize a figure of merit such as network revenue. Then a new allocation is made so as to minimize network usage without departing too far from the optimal value of the figure of merit. A residual network consists of that bandwidth that remains unallocated, on each link of the network. Bandwidth for non-QoS traffic is allocated to routes on the residual network. In a second aspect, the invention involves the use of optimization techniques to allocate bandwidth among service routes in one or more service classes in response to a set of demands in each class.

Abstract: In a cable network for delivering a personal communications service (PCS) and cable television (CATV) service, return service applications, e.g., a pay per view service, are also provided on a return cable band provided by the cable network. In accordance with the invention, the return service applications utilize subbands unused by the PCS in the return cable band, thereby unaffecting the PCS. The broadband noise in the subbands normally accompanied by the PCS is filtered out using a tunable filter whose passband is adjustable to coincide with one of many PCS signal bands being used in the return cable band.

Abstract: An optical transmission system formed from a plurality of nodes interconnected in a ring configuration via at least two transmission media provides protection capacity for each optical channel. If a channel signal does not meet predetermined criteria, then a loss of signal indication is declared for the channel and one of a plurality of protection switching states is invoked to re-route service traffic carried by the impaired channel to its destination via corresponding protection capacity. The switching states include particular transmission states and at least “keep-alive” and “protection access” states.

Abstract: Efficient transmission and fairness guarantees for upstream traffic in ATM-PONs are achieved using a partial back pressure (PBP) technique for traffic generated from user network interface (UNI) cards, e.g. Ethernet UNI cards or other network interface cards for non-constant bit rate sources. The PBP technique utilizes a feedback flow control mechanism between priority queues and UNI cards in a customer-side interface device, e.g. an Optical Network Termination unit, to achieve improved transmission efficiency and fairness guarantees of incoming traffic. The peak upstream rate of the UNI cards is dynamically controlled based on feedback information from the interface device where a queue status monitor observes the traffic level in the priority queue. Upon reaching a designated threshold level in the priority queue, the status monitor triggers activation of rate controllers in the upstream output of the UNI cards. The rate controllers reduce the peak output of the UNI cards to a controlled peak rate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to perform a real-time drift correction of a local oscillator in a wireless device such as a cordless telephone, and/or to perform software-based frequency tracking of the local oscillator. With respect to the real-time drift correction, the remote handset periodically wakes from a sleep mode and goes into a normal link verification mode. Once in the link verification mode, the remote handset enters a time division duplexing (TDD) mode and attempts to establish a link with a base unit based on the timing of the TDD data frame. After the remote handset establishes a link with the base unit, the remote handset requests a security word from the base unit. Upon receiving the requested security word, the remote handset determines if the requested security word matches a security word of the remote handset. The remote handset implements a software frequency adjustment of its local oscillator.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for printing images intended to appear to be of solid uniform color and intensity while conserving the amount of image-generating medium used to form the image. The method and apparatus form such images by continually reducing the amount of an image-generating medium deposited in a first portion of the image from a predetermined amount at an outer edge of the portion to a lesser amount at an inner edge of the first portion.

Abstract: This invention is an algorithm that restores routing in a link-state network after a link failure without flooding the entire routing area with new routing information. The algorithm operates only in the local neighborhood of the failed link and informs the minimum number of routers about the failure.

Abstract: A system and method comprises an emergency server for storing pre-provisioned emergency information for a subscriber position and embedding the information in an emergency call delivered to a public safety answering position terminal.

Abstract: The present invention bills a call in accordance with a measured quality of service (QoS) level afforded by the call and specified in a service level agreement. The measured quality of service is determined from a collection of measurements associated with the call. An adjustment factor is determined by a subscriber class of service and the measured quality of service. The adjustment factor is utilized by a billing processor in rating the call.

Abstract: In an environment where databases are shared, it is important that the information contained within the databases be consistent among databases containing the respective information. Thus, there is a need for a method and apparatus for synchronizing databases containing related information comprising the steps of detecting a change to at least one database record in any of a first plurality of databases based on a first set of parameters; notifying a controller of the change; and updating, according to the detected change, each of a second plurality of databases containing the respective database record in response to a determination that the change falls within a second parameter.