Abstract: The present invention provides a system of computers where one is active and processing data while the others standby. Data generated by the system is stored on at least two external, shared storage devices. The states of the computers are managed by a software system manager. This provides for a quick transition of a standby computer to an active computer when the system manager detects a need for a state change.

Abstract: Overhead is reduced and packet transport efficiency is increased for a flow of switched packets from a router by identifying a plurality of packets having a common destination node within a network and transmitting at least one control message to establish the flow of switched packets; the at least one control message including: (i) a label mapping message corresponding to the flow of switched packets and (ii) a header removal field. Packet headers corresponding to packets of a switched packet flow are not parsed, therefore either the entire header, or a portion of the header, may be removed from each packet assigned a label. A header removal field is shared among routers while signaling to establish a labeled flow. The header removal field is used to provide header structure information to those routers which will be utilized for transport of the subsequent labeled flow. Packet transport densities are monitored at individual routers.

Abstract: A computer implemented method and apparatus for enhancing access to a file and communicating a file over a communications network using an indirect link. An indirect link is a logical hyperlink identifying a file to be retrieved, not by its electronic address, but by a logical representation. The link may denote the server on which the file exists, but does not identify the file's full address. Rather, the server or a proxy machine uses a look-up table which relates a logical link to an actual electronic address. This system helps minimize broken links, since a file can still be located on the server and accessed even if it has been relocated on the server since the link was established.

Abstract: An arrangement for displaying message screens on a telephone terminal provides easy access to messages received by the telephone terminal from a service provider. The arrangement allows users to seamlessly and intuitively view header and body information of a message without the need for any unnecessary key presses.

Abstract: A method of interactively sharing information between at least two devices in a computer network, each device having a respective browser associated therewith for handling the information, includes retrieving information from an information source in the network for storage in response to receipt of a retrieval request from a first browser associated with a first device. The method further includes sending the stored information to at least a second browser of at least a second device in response to receipt of a similar request therefrom, the second device receiving the request from the first device, such that the devices can share the information retrieved from the information source in response to the single request made to the source. Preferably, a surrogate is established in at least the first device for informing the second device of the request made such that the browser of the second device can make the similar request.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for mounting optical elements onto an optical device are described. A mounting structure is produced out of a carrier substrate. The mounting structure includes one or more walls defining a well and surrounding a plurality of protrusions. The well defined by the walls is filled with an adhesive material system, such as epoxy. An optical device is lowered into contact with the epoxy, and then into contact with the protrusions. The displaced epoxy is displaced through one or more conduits into one or more reservoirs. A plurality of such mounting structures enables one to align a plurality of optical elements together in a single plane.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method for providing roaming service to a telecommunications station which can act as a cellular station or if plugged into a jack connected to a land-line switch, can act like a land-line telephone. When such a Universal Main Station (UMS) is plugged into a jack connected to a land-line switch, the station calls a server system which obtains the directory number corresponding to the jack into which the UMS was plugged. The server notifies a home switch of said UMS to forward calls to that directory number. When the UMS subsequently unplugs from the jack, the UMS registers as a mobile station and the home switch is notified to forward calls to the UMS, acting as a mobile station and identified by a secret directory number, identified in the course of the registration.

Abstract: A network management system (NMS) and method is arranged for monitoring, controlling and managing a network that includes a set of interconnected network elements (NEs). A management agent in each NE interacts with the NMS on behalf of the NE. The system and method utilizes (a) a behavior transition model based on NE status or “health” indicators for passive monitoring, (b) a status updating mechanism with adjustable or “tunable” parameters based on operating conditions, (c) a derivation procedure for correlating ripple effects, and (d) an early-warning model for proactive management.

Abstract: An invention for use in electrical or optical communications for generating UNRZ data from URZ data is disclosed. The method of the invention transmits URZ data at the transmitter and receives UNRZ data at the receiver. The invention takes advantage of transmitting URZ data and eliminates the drawbacks of receiving URZ data. The invention also takes advantage of receiving UNRZ data and eliminates the drawbacks of transmitting UNRZ data. The net bandwidth requirement of a communications system implemented according to the method of the invention, with URZ and URZd data transmitted via a transmission medium and converted to UNRZ coding at a receiver location, is the same as that of a system that transmits and receives UNRZ data.

Abstract: An inexpensive, easy to assemble patch antenna is disclosed where unwanted polarizations in the transmitted RF energy are minimized. A feedboard, spacer and resonator are held in a compressed relationship by two halves of the antenna housing. The spacer is a thermo-formed sheet with semi-spherical spacers. The spacers have a height that provides the desired spacing between the feedboard and the resonator.

Abstract: Signaling information is communicated over an ATM link or other packet-based communication link using packet headers. The information may be, for example, telephony signaling information such as an on-hook/off-hook indicator, a ring/no-ring indicator, or any other type of information used in establishing, maintaining, terminating or otherwise configuring a telephony-based communication. In an illustrative embodiment, a single bit of signaling information is incorporated into a low order bit of a packet type indicator field in a header of an ATM user data cell. This low order bit, which is generally used as an End of Message (EOM) indicator in a cell which is part of a multi-cell message, can be used to transmit the signaling information in packets corresponding to single-cell messages.

Abstract: An interconnection system is shown that enables an optical circuit board 300, having a number of optical devices 400, 500, to be easily connected to and disconnected from a backplane 100. The optical devices are positioned along a side edge 311 of a printed wiring board 310 and are adapted to interconnect with a like number of optical connectors 200 that are arrayed on the backplane in a row or column. Each optical plug is held in a holder 120, which is retained in backplane 100 by a clip 110. Each of the optical connectors is a plug that includes a ferrule 24, which encloses an optical fiber and projects from one end of the plug. Each of the edge-mounted optical devices includes a jack receptacle 410, 510 at its front end and has a cavity 401, 501 that is shaped to receive the optical plug. All of the jack receptacles are similarly shaped. Each cavity further includes a boss 421, 521 for receiving the ferrule. The plugs and jack receptacles are arranged to engage, but not interlock with, each other.

Abstract: A magnetic device and a method of manufacture therefor. In one embodiment, the magnetic device includes: (1) a bobbin having a winding guide and molded-in margins proximate opposing inside flanges of the bobbin, each of the opposing inside flanges having at least one notch formed in an inside face of each of said opposing inside flanges; (2) an inner winding wound about the winding guide and between the molded-in margins; (3) an outer winding wound about the inner winding and the winding guide and between the flanges; and (4) an insulating plate, provided in the at least one notch and interposed between the inner and outer windings, a thickness of the insulating plate providing a predetermined creepage distance between at least one lead of the inner winding and the outer winding.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polishing apparatus comprising a carrier head, rigid members coupled to the carrier head at different points on the carrier head, and a controller coupled to each of the rigid members wherein the controller is configured to regulate forces applied against the carrier head through each of the rigid members.

Abstract: A method is described for partitioning the mobile stations occupying each of a plurality of cells of a wireless communication network between an overlay and an underlay. Within each cell, each of that cell's mobile stations is assigned to the overlay if the mobile station's corresponding path loss exceeds a path-loss threshold, and to the underlay if its corresponding path loss lies below the path-loss threshold. The path-loss threshold for each cell is determined according to a procedure that seeks to drive network capacity up while satisfying a rule that relates to intercell interference.

Abstract: A wireless terminal is disclosed that is capable of establishing a communications channel with either a public wireless network or a private wireless network on existing IS-95 CDMA facilities without changing the air interface or requiring the existence of independent private network facilities. Furthermore, a wireless terminal is disclosed that enables a user of a wireless terminal to affect which private wireless network the wireless terminal accesses, again on existing IS-95 facilities and without changing the air interface. The wireless terminal comprises two or more lists of SID/NID signals: a default list and at least one override list. Both the default list and the override list provide a different preference for which public or private network the wireless terminal accesses when a call is placed from the wireless terminal. A switch in the wireless terminal advantageously causes the wireless terminal to use either the default list of SID/NID signals or one of the override lists of SID/NID signals.

Abstract: The software amplification system conveniently transforms design information stored in a database into desired software products. The system transforms the database in a manner specified by a control file. The control file is essentially a parameterized sample of the desired output, interspersed with control instructions that instruct how to manipulate the design data and create the desired object.

Abstract: An audio information bit stream including audio control bits and audio data bits is processed for transmission in a communication system. The audio data bits are first separated into n classes based on error sensitivity, that is, the impact of errors in particular audio data bits on perceived quality of an audio signal reconstructed from the transmission. Each of the n different classes of audio data bits is then provided with a corresponding one of n different levels of error protection, where n is greater than or equal to two. The invention thereby matches error protection for the audio data bits to source and channel error sensitivity. The audio control bits may be transmitted independently of the audio data bits, using an additional level of error protection higher than that used for any of the n classes of the audio data bits. Alternatively, the control bits may be combined with one of the n classes of audio data bits and provided with the highest of the n levels of error protection.

Abstract: A data streaming transmission method and system is disclosed having a network server connected to client device through a communication network with one or more of caching servers. The network server has a data streaming application and a memory for storing data. A series of connections, each using a data streaming arrangement, is formed in the path between the source network and client device by the caching servers. Each caching server can absorb network congestion in its downstream connection by utilizing an expandable buffer for storing additional segments of the streamed data and varying the transmission data rate in the down stream connection.

Abstract: A method for making an integrated circuit includes forming spaced-apart trenches on a surface of a single crystal silicon substrate, lining the trenches with a silicon oxide layer, forming a first polysilicon layer over the silicon oxide layer, forming a second polysilicon layer over the first polysilicon layer, and removing a thickness of the single crystal silicon substrate to expose tubs of single crystal silicon in the second polysilicon layer.