Abstract: A coupled data network which ensures in sequence delivery of messages is disclosed. The copuled data network includes a foreign network and a home network. The foreign network includes a foreign mobile switching center and a base station, the base station including an access hub with a serving inter-working function. The home network includes a home mobile switching center, the home mobile switching center including a home inter-working function. A roaming end system is a subscriber to the home network and operates within the foreign network, a message being transportable between the roaming end system and the home inter-working function through the serving inter-working function using a protocol that ensures in sequence delivery of data packets.

Abstract: The geolocation of a wireless terminal is determined by performing a time/frequency analysis on incoming signals received at a plurality of locations, where each incoming signal includes at least one multipath component of a signal transmitted by the wireless terminal during, for example, regular communications. The time/frequency analysis involves the analysis of the frequency components of the transmitted signal at given instants in time to identify the time-of-arrival of the multipath components of the incoming signal. The time-of-arrival identified for the line-of-sight component of the incoming signal at a plurality of locations can then be processed to determine the geolocation of the wireless terminal.

Abstract: A wireless communications system and method, as well as a dual personality mobile, enable direct communication between subscribers of a wireless communications network. During a call between mobiles, which are suitably situated for direct communication, one mobile assumes a base station personality to establish a mobile-to-mobile traffic link. During a base station emulating mode, the mobile receives/transmits traffic signals at frequencies in the base station receive/transmit band. At least one of the. mobiles monitors the quality of the mobile-to-mobile traffic link, and reports such quality measurements back to a serving base station. When the quality measurements received by the serving base station indicate that the mobile-to-mobile traffic link has deteriorated below an acceptable threshold, the base station emulating mobile is instructed to hand off traffic transmission to the serving base station and resume normal operation.

Abstract: An arrangement for dynamically varying how space on a small display is allocated for presentation of various types of user information is provided. The arrangement optimizes utilization of space on small displays by dynamically allocating lines on the display for presentation of status or header-type information as well as menu item-type information. The arrangement configures the display such that lines therein are dedicatable in any combination to displaying these two types of information.

Abstract: Hardware-software co-synthesis is the process of partitioning an embedded system specification into hardware and software modules to meet performance, power, and cost goals. Embedded systems are generally specified in terms of a set of acyclic task graphs. According to one embodiment, a co-synthesis algorithm, called CRUSADE, starts with periodic task graphs with real-time constraints and produces a low-cost heterogeneous distributed embedded system architecture meeting these constraints. CRUSADE addresses the co-synthesis of dynamically reconfigurable architectures. Fault-tolerant distributed embedded systems can offer high performance as well as dependability (reliability) and availability to meet the needs of critical real-time applications. The present invention can be easily extended to address the needs of fault-tolerant systems.

Abstract: A wireless communications system and method controls network load by selectively scaling aggregate base station transmit signals. In one implementation, aggregate in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) channel transmit signals are multiplied by a scaling coefficient output by an aggregate overload controller based on load levels relative to a threshold. By scaling aggregate I- and Q-channel transmit signals when load level measurements indicate a high load situation, handoff control measurements made at mobile subscriber terminals, such as received signal strength from the base station, bit/frame error rates, and signal-to-noise ratio, will be affected, thereby prompting mobile subscriber terminals at the cell/sector boundaries to request handoff to an adjacent cell/sector. Thus, load is balanced between a number of cells/sector to increase network capacity and prevent overload without relying on a call admission/blocking scheme.

Abstract: A system for handling special number calls in a telecommunication network. The network includes an array of switches, junctions, communication channels, customer-operated communication devices and telecommunication service providing stations connected to facilitate communication among a plurality of stations using a plurality of communication milieux. The system comprises: (a) at least one special number call processing center connected with the network; (b) at least one special number answering station connected with the special number call processing center; and (c) at least one special number action station connected with the special number answering station. The special number action station is configured for selective connection with a plurality of action agencies. Selected of the telecommunication service providing stations are connected with at least one of the at least one special number processing center.

Abstract: An optical communications system employs a plurality of optical nodes interconnected in a ring configuration by at least two optical transmission media, for example, optical fiber. The at least two optical transmission media, in this example, provide optical service transmission capacity and optical protection transmission capacity. Efficient restoration of optical communications between optical nodes in the ring, after an optical transmission media failure, is realized by employing a relatively simple and efficient optical switch matrix having a first number of possible switching states and, then, by utilizing only a second number of the switching states fewer than the first number to switch optically from the optical service transmission capacity of the failed or faulted optical transmission media to the optical protection transmission capacity of another optical transmission media.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for protecting the stored information on an integrated circuit from being compromised through reverse engineering. To do so, the method and apparatus splits the functionality of an integrated circuit into two separate integrated circuits, which are then connected in an interlocking manner. A detection circuit monitors the interconnection of the two separate integrated circuits. Upon detection of a break in the interconnection of the two circuits, the detection circuit destroys the data stored in the two separate integrated circuits. The two integrated circuits are connected in a flip-chip fashion, thereby preventing access to the underlying conduction paths and charge storage sites which are normally used in reverse engineering an integrated circuit.

Abstract: A dual mode transmitter/receiver adds two-way radio functionality to a frequency division duplex mobile phone. The dual mode transmitter/receiver allows short-range and low-power communication between similarly equipped phones. In the two-way radio mode, the dual mode mobile phone transmits and receives at a frequency between the normal mobile transmit and receive frequency bands so that a number of transmitter/receiver components are utilized for both normal and two-way radio communication.

Abstract: It is desirable to be able to recognize data calls so that different charges can be applied to such calls and that vertical services, such as the use of special transmission facilities, may be offered to data callers. This recognition is accomplished by attaching a tone detector to a call in order to detect the special tones characteristic of a data call. Advantageously, this permits different charges to be imposed on data calls.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating and maintaining a regression test case set directly and automatically from requirements models. A user operating the invention generates a representation of a system which captures temporal, functional, life cycle or other relationships between requirements. These relationships specify the circumstances under which a requirement applies and places the requirement in the context of other requirements. Selection techniques applied to the representation generates test cases. A regression test case set is a set of test cases that are used by the user to verify functionality in view of modifications or additions to the system. As the features of the system are adjusted over the life cycle of the system, the method of the invention automatically provides a regression test case set that affords optical coverage with respect to all features of the system. Any regression test cases that fail are automatically detected and graphically displayed.

Abstract: An integrated network element includes the functions of multiple Ring add-drop-multiplexers and a digital cross connect. A user may provision cross connections between input and output path-level units of bandwidth referred to herein as “logical tributaries.” Each port within the integrated network element may be combined with one or more other ports to form a user-provisioned association of optical interface ports that is used for line protection (or SDH multiplex section protection) in a particular type of network configuration, referred to as a “port protection group”. Each port within a port protection group may have a plurality of logical tributaries associated with it.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system are provided for an intermediate reliability protocol for network message transmission and reception, and are particularly suited for real time applications, such as internet telephony. The preferred system embodiment includes a plurality of servers, connected to each other over a plurality of networks, such as over two ethernets. A first server, when operative, includes program instructions to transmit a message. A second server, which is coupled to the first server over the networks, when operative, includes program instructions to receive the message. Under typical circumstances, the received message will be delivered locally on the second server, to a designated local process. Under other circumstances, the second server will resynchronize to the received message, dropping stored messages and avoiding further delay in message delivery.

Abstract: A control system comprising an electrical circuit that produces distortion where the electrical circuit has a frequency band of operation. A pilot modulated carrier signal is frequency hopped about the frequency band of operation. The hopping pilot modulated carrier signal does not interfere with any signal applied to or generated by the electrical circuit as it is not at any time located within the frequency band of operation. Information obtained from the hopping pilot modulated carrier is provided to the control system which uses such information to cancel the distortion produced by the electrical circuit.

Abstract: A distortion analyzer for generating a distortion signal based on an input signal. For example, the distortion signal may be generated by adding a first signal corresponding to the entire spectrum of the input signal to a second signal corresponding to a low-frequency component of the input signal and then subtracting from the result of addition a third signal corresponding to a specific frequency band of the input signal. The effect of polarization mode dispersion that an optical signal experiences as it propagates through an optical transmission fiber may be compensated for at a receiver using a birefringent compensator, in which the distortion analyzer continuously examines the signal outputted by the compensator and supplies the distortion signal to the compensator, which causes the compensator to reduce the effect of such polarization mode dispersion based on the level of the distortion signal.

Abstract: In a communications arrangement where services requested by users are provided over a network, communication flow arising from the services are shared by multiple links in the network. The users are required to pay for use of the links to realize the respective services. A target operating point defining the desired amount of communication flow on each link is established. A pricing scheme in accordance with the invention is used to price each link on a per unit of flow basis. Each user elects use of the capacity of those relatively inexpensive links to fulfil the requested service to minimize the cost. Such optimization actions by the individual users give rise to a “routing game” leading to a Nash equilibrium which coincides with the target operating point. Thus, with the inventive pricing scheme, the target operating point is attained over time by virtue of the users' cost optimization actions.

Abstract: The invention provides a perceptually-based system for pattern retrieval and matching, suitable for use in a wide variety of information processing applications. An illustrative embodiment of the system uses a predetermined vocabulary comprising one or more dimensions to extract color and texture information from an information signal, e.g., an image, selected by a user. The system then generates a distance measure characterizing the relationship of the selected image to another image stored in a database, by applying a grammar, comprising a set of predetermined rules, to the color and texture information extracted from the selected image and corresponding color and texture information associated with the stored image. The vocabulary may include dimensions such as overall color, directionality and orientation, regularity and placement, color purity, and pattern complexity and heaviness.

Abstract: Control data is communicated utilizing a multi-frame format that consists of individual frames each having a number of rows and columns. As each row is received from a transmitting unit, the data and position of the row within a frame is verified by use of a checksum and is immediately utilized by the receiving unit. This reduces the amount of storage that must be provided by the receiving unit for the reception of control information to that of a single row. In addition to verifying the row identification, the identity of each frame within the multi-frame is also verified before an individual row is utilized. In a first embodiment, the operation of generating the checksum is seeded with the current row number. In a second embodiment, the operation of generating the checksum is seeded with the result of an Exclusive OR operation of the current row number and frame number.

Abstract: A method for conveying information in a new format structure for a wireless communication system in which users convey information on a time slot basis. The new format structure is made compatible with the system's existing format by partitioning system time slots into subslots.