Abstract: Processes and systems for the production of ethylbenzene using a dilute ethylene feed and subsequent recovery of ethane in the alkylation vent gas.

Abstract: A process for producing olefins may include dehydrogenating a first alkane in a first reactor to produce a first effluent comprising at least one of a first n-olefin or a first diolefin; removing the first effluent from the first reactor; and regenerating the first reactor. The first reactor may include a first dehydrogenation catalyst and a first phase change material.

Abstract: Systems and processes for converting waste plastics and other waste materials to useful end products. The systems integrate a plastics pyrolysis reactor and a liquid phase thermal cracking reactor to advantageously process the waste plastics to form various hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: Processes and systems for converting a wide boiling hydrocarbon mixture to chemicals herein heating a hydrocarbon feedstock to form a heated hydrocarbon feedstock. The heated hydrocarbon feedstock is separated to recover a vaporized light portion and a remaining liquid portion. The vaporized light portion is superheated and thermally cracked to recover a first cracked effluent, and the remaining liquid portion is heated and stripped to recover a stripped vapor mixture and a residue liquid portion. The stripped vapor mixture is separated to recover a vapor comprising the stripping medium and a stream comprising volatilized hydrocarbons. The volatilized hydrocarbons are heated and mixed with hydrogen then hydroprocessed to form crackable heavy hydrocarbons. The hydroprocessed effluent is separated to recover a hydroprocessed liquid stream comprising crackable heavy hydrocarbons and a hydroprocessed vapor stream comprising unreacted hydrogen.

Abstract: A system may include a turbine and a recuperative heat exchanger system. The recuperative heat exchanger system is configured to receive exhaust gases from the turbine. The recuperative heat exchanger system may include a precool section to cool the exhaust gases, a major heating section to receive the cooled the exhaust gases, and a minor heating section to receive the cooled the exhaust gases.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing high purity methanol and isobutene from crude MTBE feed using multiple divided wall columns are provided. The methods can include purifying the MTBE, dissociating the MTBE to produce isobutene and methanol, purifying the isobutene and recovering/purifying methanol.

Abstract: Processes and systems for producing olefins from a crude oil include a steam cracking furnace having a radiant heating section and a convective heating section. One or more heating coils are disposed in the convective heating section for heating a heat transfer fluid. A first heat exchanger heats the crude oil with the heated heat transfer fluid, and the heated crude oil is desalted to form a desalted crude. A second heat exchanger heats the desalted crude with the heated heat transfer fluid to form a preheated desalted crude, which is separated in a first separator to recover a hydrocarbon vapor fraction and a hydrocarbon liquid fraction. A heating coil in the convective section superheats the hydrocarbon vapor fraction and a radiant heating coil in the radiant heating section thermally cracks the superheated vapor fraction to recover a first cracked effluent comprising olefins.

Abstract: Systems and processes for the efficient conversion of high concentration isoolefin streams to tertiary alkyl ethers are disclosed. The systems and processes may include a feed system to advantageously divide the high concentration isoolefin feed to multiple fixed bed reactors and a catalytic distillation reactor to control the reaction exotherm and achieve a high isoolefin conversion.

Abstract: A method of performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction to produce C2+ compounds using a low temperature gas mixture feed is provided. The method includes introducing a gas mixture feed containing methane, oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide at a temperature of less than or equal to 300° C. to an inlet of an OCM reactor, which contains a combustion catalyst and an OCM catalyst. At least a portion of the gas mixture feed is combusted using the combustion catalyst to generate a heated gas mixture having a temperature of at least 450° C. The heated gas mixture contacts the OCM catalyst to initiate an OCM reaction and produce an OCM effluent that includes C2+ compounds. A system for performing an OCM reaction using a low temperature feedstock gas mixture is also provided.

Abstract: A process for converting whole crudes and other heavy hydrocarbon streams to produce ethylene. The process includes feeding a hydroprocessed medium boiling fraction, a hydroprocessed residue fraction, or both, and a light boiling fraction to a steam cracker and recovering a light fraction. The light fraction is fed to a first separator and recovering a C1-C3 stream and a mixed C4 and C4+ stream, comprising isoolefins, olefins, and dienes and feeding the mixed C4 and C4+ stream to a second separator and recovering a mixed C4 stream comprising isoolefins, olefins, and a C4+ stream. A portion of the mixed C4 stream is dimerized in a dimerization unit to produce a dimerized product stream, hydrogenated in a total hydrogenation system, producing a hydrogenated dimer product stream, and cracking the hydrogenated dimer product stream in a thermal cracking reactor system, producing one or more of hydrogen, methane, ethylene, propylene, n-butenes, and isobutene.

Abstract: Processes herein may be used to thermally crack various hydrocarbon feeds, and may eliminate the refinery altogether while making the crude to chemicals process very flexible in terms of crude. In embodiments herein, crude is progressively separated into at least light and heavy fractions. Depending on the quality of the light and heavy fractions, these are routed to one of three upgrading operations, including a fixed bed hydroconversion unit, a fluidized catalytic conversion unit, or a residue hydrocracking unit that may utilize an ebullated bed reactor. Products from the upgrading operations may be used as feed to a steam cracker.

Abstract: Processes herein may be used to thermally crack various hydrocarbon feeds, and may eliminate the refinery altogether while making the crude to chemicals process very flexible in terms of crude. In embodiments herein, crude is progressively separated into at least light and heavy fractions. Depending on the quality of the light and heavy fractions, these are routed to one of three upgrading operations, including a fixed bed hydroconversion unit, a fluidized catalytic conversion unit, or a residue hydrocracking unit that may utilize an ebullated bed reactor. Products from the upgrading operations may be used as feed to a steam cracker.

Abstract: Processes herein may be used to thermally crack various hydrocarbon feeds, and may eliminate the refinery altogether while making the crude to chemicals process very flexible in terms of crude. In embodiments herein, crude is progressively separated into at least light and heavy fractions. Depending on the quality of the light and heavy fractions, these are routed to one of three upgrading operations, including a fixed bed hydroconversion unit, a solvent deasphalting unit, or an ebullated bed hydrocracking unit. Products from the upgrading operations may be used as feed to a steam cracker.

Abstract: A process including preheating a hydrocarbon feed in a first preheat zone of a convection section, recovering a preheated hydrocarbon stream; heating the preheated hydrocarbon stream in a secondary transferline exchanger, recovering a heated hydrocarbon stream; feeding the heated hydrocarbon stream to a second preheat zone of the convection section to vaporize a portion of heated hydrocarbon stream, recovering a cracking feedstream; cracking hydrocarbons in the cracking feedstream in one or more coils in a radiant section, recovering a cracked hydrocarbon product; and cooling the cracked hydrocarbon product in the secondary transferline exchanger in indirect heat exchange with the preheated hydrocarbon stream, recovering a cooled hydrocarbon product stream.

Abstract: Systems and processes for converting waste plastics and other waste materials to useful end products. The systems integrate a plastics pyrolysis reactor and a liquid phase thermal cracking reactor to advantageously process the waste plastics to form various hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: Apparatus and processes herein provide for converting hydrocarbon feeds to light olefins and other hydrocarbons. The processes and apparatus include, in some embodiments, feeding a hydrocarbon, a first catalyst and a second catalyst to a reactor, wherein the first catalyst has a smaller average particle size and is less dense than the second catalyst. A first portion of the second catalyst may be recovered as a bottoms product from the reactor, and a cracked hydrocarbon effluent, a second portion of the second catalyst, and the first catalyst may be recovered as an overhead product from the reactor. The second portion of the second catalyst may be separated from the overhead product, providing a first stream comprising the first catalyst and the hydrocarbon effluent and a second stream comprising the separated second catalyst, allowing return of the separated second catalyst in the second stream to the reactor.

Abstract: Systems and processes for cracking hydrocarbons to produce olefins herein includes heating a hydrocarbon feedstock or a mixture comprising steam and hydrocarbons to a first temperature to form a preheated feed, and also include electrically heating steam to a second, higher, temperature to form a superheated reaction steam. The preheated feed is then mixed with the superheated reaction steam to form a reaction mixture at a cracking temperature, thereby cracking the hydrocarbons to form olefins, producing a reaction effluent. The reaction effluent is then quenched and separated effluent to recover the olefins.

Abstract: A process and system for converting bio ethanol to high purity isobutene is provided. The system includes a dehydration unit configured to receive a bio ethanol containing stream, convert the bio ethanol to bio ethylene, and produce a bio ethylene containing stream, a dimerization unit configured to receive the bio ethylene stream, dimerize ethylene, and produce an n-butenes containing stream, a skeletal isomerization unit configured to receive the n-butenes containing stream, convert n-butenes to produce a skeletal isomerization stream comprising an isobutene, isobutane, n-butenes, and n-butane, and a catalytic separation unit configured to receive the skeletal isomerization stream, convert olefins and/or isoolefins contained therein to produce a converted skeletal isomerization reaction product, and to fractionate the skeletal isomerization reaction product and produce bio isobutene.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to solutions to maximize the recovery of ethylene, propylene and aromatics rich naphtha from crude oil processing. The schemes involve treating the effluent from Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) to remove metals like AsH3, PH3, Hg, as well as impurities such as NOx and oxygen, before mixing it with the steam cracker effluent. The combined effluent is then cooled in a cold box and sent to various fractionators for separating the ethylene, propylene, and aromatics rich naphtha.

Abstract: Processes for cracking hydrocarbons include contacting hydrocarbon feedstocks with conditioned cracking catalyst in a riser reactor to recover an effluent. The effluent is separated to recover a cracked hydrocarbon stream and a spent catalyst. The spent catalyst is contacted with steam, stripping residual hydrocarbons from the spent catalyst, and the stripped catalyst is fed to a catalyst regenerator and regenerated via combustion of coke contained in the spent catalyst, forming a regenerated catalyst and combustion products. The regenerated catalyst, containing entrained combustion products (e.g., NOx, SOx, and COx) including nitrogen from the regenerator, is fed to a catalyst standpipe hopper. The regenerated catalyst containing entrained combustion products is conditioned in the catalyst standpipe hopper by contacting the regenerated catalyst with steam to recover the conditioned catalyst and a vapor stream comprising steam and the combustion products.