Abstract: The invention comprises an electrical system apparatus for processing three-phase power, comprising: a first, second, and third inductor connected on a first end to a first common magnetic field carrying plate and connected on a second end to a second common magnetic field carrying plate, where the three inductors are equidistant from each other and/or equidistance from a central axis, which yields an equal coupling common mode inductor-capacitor based filtering apparatus. Generally, inductor placement symmetry and/or equal magnetic field permeabilities between each pair of the three inductors balances magnetic fields within each inductor at each point of time, where each of the three inductors is connected to a single phase of three-phase power, the three phases offset from each other by one-third of a period.

Abstract: The invention comprises an inductor, such as used in processing transmission of a 3-phase power system. The inductor comprises a flat/rectangular winding with a narrow edge of the flat winding wound around a core, where the width of the winding exceeds three times the height of the inductor facing edge of the winding. The inductor optionally comprises a distributed gap particle core and/or is wound in parallel with multiple windings. Optionally, the inductor is used as part of an equal coupling common mode electrical system for processing the 3-phase transmission and/or a high frequency inverter comprising a switching device, such as a silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

Abstract: A method of monitoring an enclosed environment includes disposing a sensor assembly in an environment enclosed by an enclosure, where the sensor assembly includes a transmitter configured to communicate using near-field magnetic induction. A receiver is disposed outside the enclosure and configured to communicate with the transmitter using near-field magnetic induction. The receiver is to a communications device. The sensor assembly detects a sensed condition of the environment enclosed by the enclosure. The transmitter communicates the sensed condition to the receiver using near-field magnetic induction. After receiving the sensed condition from the receiver, the communications device communicates the sensed condition to a user.

Abstract: The axial rotation of a honing tool head and the radial advance of the co-rotating honing stones are accomplished simultaneously by a magnetic coupling. The magnetic coupling connects an inner and drive axle that are driven independently. When the inner axial is driven at a differential speed than the drive axle, a connected pinion gear mechanism is engaged to transfer torque and radially displace the honing stones in response to the speed difference.

Abstract: A method of collecting location data from objects moving within a specified site includes providing at least one tag reader and a plurality of tags each configured to communicate via near-field magnetic induction across an open-air gap of at least two meters. The tag reader listens for a tag signal transmitted by any one or more of the tags. Each tag transmits a tag signal containing a unique identifier that is received at a tag reader. The tag signal is demodulated to determine the unique identifier associated with the particular tag. Also disclosed is a system for monitoring a condition within a shielded environment using a tag and a tag reader that communicate using near-field magnetic induction.

Abstract: A transceiver antenna has a transmit antenna coil defining a substantially closed transmit coil geometry circumscribing a transmit coil inner area. The transmit antenna coil is configured to conduct a current to generate a magnetic field. One or more receive antenna coils each define a closed receive coil geometry with a number of coil turns. The receive antenna coils are positioned to define one or more inner areas located within the transmit antenna coil inner area and one or more outer areas located outside of the transmit antenna coil. The inner areas and the outer areas of the receive antenna coil(s) are configured so that a first voltage induced by the transmit magnetic field into the outer areas of the receive antenna coils is attenuated by a second voltage induced by the transmit magnetic field into the inner areas of the receive antenna due to phase cancellation.

Abstract: The invention is the production of magnetosome-like structures in cells. The invention provides in vitro and in vivo diagnostic and therapeutic methods using eukaryotic cells expressing magnetosome-like structures that act as contrast agents.

Abstract: A method of collecting location data from objects moving within a specified site includes providing at least one tag reader and a plurality of tags each configured to communicate via near-field magnetic induction across an open-air gap of at least two meters. The tag reader listens for a tag signal transmitted by any one or more of the tags. Each tag transmits a tag signal containing a unique identifier that is received at a tag reader. The tag signal is demodulated to determine the unique identifier associated with the particular tag. Also disclosed is a system for monitoring a condition within a shielded environment using a tag and a tag reader that communicate using near-field magnetic induction.

Abstract: A transceiver antenna has a transmit antenna coil defining a substantially closed transmit coil geometry circumscribing a transmit coil inner area. The transmit antenna coil is configured to conduct a current to generate a magnetic field. One or more receive antenna coils each define a closed receive coil geometry with a number of coil turns. The receive antenna coils are positioned to define one or more inner areas located within the transmit antenna coil inner area and one or more outer areas located outside of the transmit antenna coil. The inner areas and the outer areas of the receive antenna coil(s) are configured so that a first voltage induced by the transmit magnetic field into the outer areas of the receive antenna coils is attenuated by a second voltage induced by the transmit magnetic field into the inner areas of the receive antenna due to phase cancellation.

Abstract: A high frequency inductor filter apparatus and method of use thereof is described. In one embodiment, an inductor is used to filter/invert/convert power, where the inductor comprises a distributed gap core and/or a powdered core material. The inductor core is wound with one or more turns, where multiple turns are optionally electrically wired in parallel. In one example, the minimum carrier frequency is above that usable by an iron-steel inductor, such as greater than ten kiloHertz at fifty or more amperes. Optionally, the inductor is used in an inverter/converter apparatus, where output power has a carrier frequency, modulated by a fundamental frequency, and a set of harmonic frequencies, in conjunction with a notched low-pass filter, a low pass filter combined with a notch filter and a high frequency roll off filter, and/or one or more of a silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, and/or gallium nitride based transistor.

Abstract: A high frequency inductor filter cooling apparatus and method of use thereof is described. In one embodiment, an inductor is potted in an epoxy-silica mixture to facilitate thermal transfer from the inductor. The inductor is optionally used to filter/invert/convert power. The inductor comprises a distributed gap core and/or a powdered core material. In one example, the minimum carrier frequency is above that usable by an iron-steel inductor, such as greater than ten kiloHertz at fifty or more amperes. Optionally, the inductor is used in an inverter/converter apparatus, where output power has a carrier frequency, modulated by a fundamental frequency, and a set of harmonic frequencies, in conjunction with a notched low-pass filter, a low pass filter combined with a notch filter and a high frequency roll off filter, and/or one or more of a silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, and/or gallium nitride based transistor.

Abstract: The invention is an incrementally actuated eddy current braking system. The system comprises first and second primary members, which further comprise arrays of permanent magnets arranged in alternating polarity. The respective magnets of the arrays face one another. A means for incremental displacement is drivingly connected to at least one of the primary members enabling the movement of said members relative to one another.

Abstract: A high frequency inductor filter cooling apparatus, method of manufacture, and method of use thereof is described. In one embodiment, an inductor is potted in an epoxy-silica mixture to facilitate thermal transfer from the inductor. The inductor is optionally used with a capacitor to filter/invert/convert power. The inductor optionally comprises a distributed gap core and/or a powdered core material. In one example, a minimum carrier frequency used with the filter is above that usable by a traditional wound iron-steel inductor, such as greater than seven hundred or ten thousand Hertz at fifty or more amperes. Optionally, the inductor is used in an inverter/converter apparatus in conjunction with a notched low-pass filter, a low pass filter combined with a notch filter and a high frequency roll off filter, and/or one or more of a silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, and/or gallium nitride based transistor.

Abstract: The invention comprises an inverter/converter yielding high frequency harmonics and/or non-sixty Hertz output coupled to a high frequency inductor-capacitor filter apparatus. For example, an inverter/converter apparatus is provided that uses a silicon carbide transistor to output power having a carrier frequency modulated by a fundamental frequency and a set of harmonic frequencies, where the minimum carrier frequency is above that usable by an iron-steel inductor, such as greater than ten kiloHertz at fifty or more amperes. An inductor-capacitor filter, comprising an inductor having a distributed gap core material, receives power output from the inverter/converter and processes the power by passing the fundamental frequency while reducing amplitude of the harmonic frequencies.

Abstract: A transaction and proximity cards having an improved construction and systems for utilizing such cards. The card system includes a card having only one top ply and only one bottom ply and a layer of high elongation adhesive between each of the only one top ply and the only one bottom ply. In one card embodiment, the card further includes at least one inlay between the only one top ply and the only one bottom ply and a layer of high elongation adhesive between each of the only one top ply and the only one bottom ply and the at least one inlay. In addition, the card system includes card dispensers adapted to dispense the cards.

Abstract: This invention relates to acoustic drivers with stationary and moving coils. Time varying signals are applied to the moving and stationary coils to control the movement of a diaphragm, which produces audible sound. The time varying signals correspond to an input audio signal such that the sound corresponds to the input audio signal. Some of the described embodiments include multiple moving coils, multiple stationary coils or both. Some embodiments include feedback for adjusting one or more of the signals based on a characteristic of the acoustic driver. Various compensation and other features of the invention are also described in relation to various embodiments.

Abstract: The invention comprises a high frequency inductor filter apparatus and method of use thereof. In one embodiment, an inductor is used to filter/convert power, where the inductor comprises a distributed gap core and/or a powdered core material. The inductor core is wound with one or more turns, where multiple turns are optionally electrically wired in parallel. In one example, the minimum carrier frequency is above that usable by an iron-steel inductor, such as greater than ten kiloHertz at fifty or more amperes. The core is optionally an annular core, solid rod core, or a core used for multiple phases, such as a ‘C’ or ‘E’ core. Optionally, the inductor is used in an inductor/converter apparatus, where output power has a carrier frequency, modulated by a fundamental frequency, and a set of harmonic frequencies, in conjunction with one or more of a silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, and/or gallium nitride based transistor.

Abstract: An access control system includes a transmitter initiator that has a magnetic flux antenna constructed and arranged to direct magnetic energy in an angular direction, a plurality of RF tone detectors, a microcontroller, and a plurality of RF burst generators. The system includes at least one receiver responder that has a magnetic flux antenna, a plurality of RF tone detectors, a microcontroller, and a RF burst generator. The transmitter initiator's magnetic flux antenna and the receiver responder's magnetic flux antenna define an open-air gap therebetween. The transmitter initiator's magnetic flux antenna has a paramagnetic housing, electromagnetic windings within the paramagnetic housing, and at least one ferromagnetic element disposed within the open air gap. The paramagnetic housing and the ferromagnetic element are constructed and arranged to direct a magnetic field across the open air gap. The system is configured for wireless communication via near-field magnetic induction.

Abstract: The invention comprises a high frequency inductor filter apparatus coupled with an inverter yielding high frequency harmonics and/or non-sixty Hertz output. For example, an inductor/converter apparatus is provided that uses a silicon carbide transistor to output power having a carrier frequency, modulated by a fundamental frequency, and a set of harmonic frequencies. A filter, comprising an inductor having a distributed gap core material and optional magnet wires, receives power output from the inverter/converter and processes the power by passing the fundamental frequency while reducing amplitude of the harmonic frequencies.

Abstract: The invention comprises a high frequency inductor filter apparatus coupled with an inverter yielding high frequency harmonics and/or non-sixty Hertz output. For example, an inductor/converter apparatus is provided that uses a silicon carbide transistor to output power having a carrier frequency, modulated by a fundamental frequency, and a set of harmonic frequencies. A filter, comprising an inductor having a distributed gap core material and optional magnet wires, receives power output from the inverter/converter and processes the power by passing the fundamental frequency while reducing amplitude of the harmonic frequencies.