Abstract: A method and system for parallel processing multi-antenna calibration by applying a Hadamard code on top of the network-affected Zadoff-Chu sequence, which allows simultaneous antennas to be AC injected. The Hadamard code that is applied on the parallel injecting multi-antennas converts the ZC sequence to P orthogonal ZC-Hadamard sequences that are decodable and separable from the captured combined sequence.

Abstract: A method for optimizing coexistence of low latency, low loss and scalable throughput (L4S) traffic and non-L4S traffic in a 5G wireless system is provided, which method includes one of: a) performing one of i) a flow control between a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), or ii) radio resource management at the DU, to reduce latency experienced by the L4S traffic; or b) performing one of iii) a flow control between the CU and the DU to facilitate greater frequency of transmission of non-L4S traffic from CU-user plane (CU-UP) to the DU, or iv) radio resource management at the DU, to reduce a scheduling priority metric of a logical channel for the L4S traffic relative to a scheduling priority metric of a logical channel for the non-L4S traffic. To reduce latency of the L4S traffic, the L4S traffic scheduling priority is increased relative to the non-L4S traffic.

Abstract: A method for optimizing Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) sweep by a gNodeB in a 5G wireless system includes: sweeping, by a gNB, SSBs and collecting a user equipment (UE)-specific beam direction history; determining, by at least one of an artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) engine, an optimal number of SSB beams and optimal set of beam directions based on the UE-specific beam direction history, and a complementary set of beam directions for the optimal set of beam directions; transmitting, by the at least one of the AI and ML engine, both the optimal set and the complementary set of SSB beam directions to the gNB; and transmitting, by the gNB, i) at every t1 milliseconds (ms), SSBs in the optimal beam directions, and ii) at every t2 ms, SSBs in the optimal directions as well as the complementary directions, wherein t2>t1 and t1, t2?{5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160} ms.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided for optimizing application of timing advance command (TAC) mechanism in a Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) non-terrestrial network (NTN) system utilizes a timing advance (TA) estimation restriction duration. After one operation of a timing advance (TA) estimation resulting in issuing of an initial TAC, the gNB ignores the results of new TA estimations until specified X seconds after the initial TAC is sent. TA estimation restriction duration refers to the time duration between the initial TA estimation and X seconds after the initial TAC. The value of X is specified such that X represents the minimum duration starting from the transmission of the first TAC in which any received NPUSCH within this duration is not based on a new TAC. By applying the TA estimation restriction duration, multiple corrections of the same TA error are prevented.

Abstract: A zero-touch provision Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (DU) server for a remote cell site that uses a Network Interface Card (NIC) to function temporarily as a Cell Site Router (CSR) to establish a connection with a central database to download BIOS/Operating System to boot the DU server, wherein once the DU server is booted, software executes that boots up a virtual CSR (vCSR). Once the vCSR is up and running, the vCSR reprograms the NIC to perform offloading networking tasks from the DU server CPU to a network processing unit (NPU) on the NIC. The NPU is designed to handle networking tasks such as packet encryption, packet classification, packet filtering, load balancing, and security features.

Abstract: System and methods for Distributed Unit (DU) or Centralized Unit (CU) flow control optimizations for highly scalable cellular systems. A DU is configured to indicate to CU if a specific Data Radio Bearer (DRB) is not getting adequate latency or throughput. Frequency of Downlink Data Delivery Status (DDDS) is increased for some such DRBs and can be decreased for other DRBs if needed. A buffer management method module is configured to improve scalability of a Base Station. Implementations of these operations can be configured for and located at a Radio Access Network Intelligent Controller.

Abstract: Systems and methods to allocate PUCCH resources such as Scheduling Request (SR) and Channel State Information (CSI) to RRC-Connected UEs in the 4G and 5G radio access network (RAN).

Abstract: Described are implementations of base station Control Plane (CU-CP) of a gNB-CU or an eNB-CU-CP configured to request a Distributed Unit (DU) to remove a System Information Block 1 (SIB1) or broadcast a minimal SIB1 for a network gateway—and Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) or a 4G Mobility Management Entity/Serving Gateway (MME/S-GW). At a disconnection of the network gateway, the CU Control Plane of the base station sends a request to the DU of the base station to remove the SIB1, or to broadcast a minimal transmission of the SIB1.

Abstract: A method for implementing automated testing of an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) system in the cloud includes: hosting, in the cloud, the O-RAN test system; triggering an automation suite of an automation framework to execute a pre-defined set of test cases on the O-RAN test system; and transmitting test results including key performance indicators (KPIs) to at least a results repository hosted in the cloud; wherein the automation framework comprises i) a front end module hosted on a public cloud, and ii) a back end module hosted on one of a private cloud and the public cloud, and wherein the front end module and the back end module communicate via an application programming interface. The O-RAN test system comprises at least one of simulated radio units (RUs) and simulated user equipments (UEs) simulated by a test software, and the O-RAN test system is hosted on the public cloud.

Abstract: A Radio Access Network (RAN) system includes a group of cell sites where each cell site includes multiple sectors, and each sector communicates with UE, the system including a Radio Resource Controller (RRC) in Central Unit (CU) controlling PUCCH resources for the sectors, and a Media Access Control (MAC) Scheduler in each sector allocating resources for PUCCH HARQ transmissions in an orthogonal manner separated in time or frequency or cyclic shift to minimize the inter-carrier interference across the sectors to improve system throughput.

Abstract: Systems and methods for updating a UL split threshold for a 4G leg and 5G leg for split Data Radio Bearers (DRBs). A dynamic splitting solution can be implemented at 5G CU-UP, 5G DU, 4G DU, or other equivalent nodes. An interleaving approach at CU-UP minimizes Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) reordering at CU-UP. A Near-RT RIC-based approach for an exchange of relevant parameters via an E2 interface can be run at a Near-RT RIC server.

Abstract: Systems and methods for classifying and assigning User Equipment (UE) traffic to multiple classes of pods. Pods are classified into critical traffic and non-critical traffic pods. UE can then be assigned and reassigned to pods based on service requirements.

Abstract: Described are systems and methods for updating a UL split threshold for a 4G leg and 5G leg for a number of split Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) using a Near-Real Time RIC or 5G Central Unit. A Near-Real Time RIC or 5G Central Unit subscribes to receive UL split threshold parameters from a gNB or eNB E2 node to determine whether to change the values of UL split threshold parameters for UL split DRBs. If so, the UL split threshold parameters are updated at the E2 node and communicated to the UE.

Abstract: A Radio Access Network Intelligent Controller determines an appropriate RB allocation policy based on a cell state using a plurality of parameters, where the plurality of RB allocation policies include at least one random RB allocation policy. The policies reduce inter-cell interference in cellular networks.

Abstract: A method of operating a wireless cellular communication system includes: operating one of an eNB or gNB communicating with a set of user equipments (UEs); and scheduling, using a scheduler, uplink (UL) auto-grants to the set of the UEs when selected resources are available, the selected resources including Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) resource, Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resource and scheduler capacity. The scheduler determines at least two UEs in RRC-connected mode and having zero UL buffer count, at least one of the two UEs with downlink (DL) traffic present and at least one of the two UEs without DL traffic present. The scheduler selects a set of RRC-connected UEs with zero UL buffer count for which UL auto-grants can be scheduled with a designated number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) and designated Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS).

Abstract: A system for optimizing Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) Format 3 resource assignment in 4G Radio Access Network (RAN) includes: a Layer 3 (L3) Radio Resource Control (RRC) module configured to selectively configure four PUCCH Format 3 resources for each one of user equipments (UEs) which attach or hand-in to a serving cell of the RAN, the L3 RRC module configuring the four PUCCH Format 3 resources from a PUCCH Format 3 UE-configuration lookup table structured to balance the number of assignments to each of ten PUCCH Format 3 resources; and a Layer 2 (L2) Media Access Control (MAC) Scheduler configured to selectively reserve one of PUCCH Format 1 resource or PUCCH Format 3 resource depending on buffer occupancy (BO), the selective reservation of PUCCH Format 3 resource being accompanied by updating an L2 Format 3 Reserved bitmap to track the PUCCH Format 3 resources in a Bundling Period.

Abstract: A system for optimizing a 4G or 5G Radio Access Network (RAN) including multiple cell sites each having multiple sectors, and at least one of the cell sites in communication with a user equipment (UE), the system including i) a downlink (DL) medium access control (MAC) layer including a DL MAC Scheduler configured to schedule at least one of Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) message 2, PRACH message 4, Radio Resource Control (RRC) Release and Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) of other traffic, in each sector in at least one of frequency and time, in the downlink direction; and ii) an uplink (UL) MAC layer including a UL MAC scheduler configured to schedule at least one of PRACH message 3, RRC Setup Complete and Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) of other traffic, in each sector in at least one of frequency and time, in the uplink direction.

Abstract: A system and method for providing messaging between an Open Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (O-DU) and an Open Radio Access Network Radio Unit (O-RU) for on-demand non-delay-managed Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) transfer and improving beamforming. An O-DU sending a request message with Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) configuration information to an O-RU, and the O-RU extracts non-port-reduced DMRS data and transmits it in a non-delay managed manner to the O-DU. The O-DU identifies one or more users that need an improved update rate of channel state information and triggers the non-port-reduced DMRS transfer based on at least a doppler speed of the user and/or an inter-cell interference level due to user density.

Abstract: Minimizing signaling traffic between a User Plane (UP) and a Control Plane (CP), where Policy and Charging Function/Policy and Charging Rule Function (PCF/PCRF) software transmits a first and a second Policy and Charging Control rule (PCCRule1 and PCCRule2) to CP equipment. The CP equipment installs both PCCRule1 and PCCRule2 on UP equipment as UPRule1 and UPRule2 respectively, where UPRule1 is set as active during a first time period and the UPRule2 set as active during a second time period. User Plane Function (UPF) software matching data traffic with a Packet Detection Rule (PDR) to generate identified traffic during the first and second time periods and automatically redirecting data traffic to a predetermined location at the expiration of the first and second time periods respectively. UPRule1 and UPRule2 are automatically enabled and disabled alternatively after expiration of their respective timers by the UPF software.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for increasing a peak data rate achieved in HARQ feedback-disabled User Equipment (UE) in a Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) non-terrestrial network (NTN) system where NB-IoT devices are connected to the gNodeB (gNB) through a satellite where a Downlink Control Information (DCI) N0 is received at the UE and the UE checks a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) process number field to confirm the HARQ feedback is disabled, where the system determines an actual number of scheduled Transmission Blocks (TB) in an Uplink based on a New Data Indicator field and a Number of Scheduled TBs for Unicast field in the DCI N0. The actual number of scheduled TBs being greater than two without adding new bits to the DCI N0.