Abstract: A system for optimizing one of a 5G New Radio (NR) network or a 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) network operation, includes: an artificial intelligence (AI) engine configured to: a) implement at least one of the following: i) collection of raw training data set; ii) training of an AI agent; iii) inference generation triggered by UE; iv) using at least one of network key performance indicator (KPI) report and network operator inputs; and v) network KPI collection after application of inferences; and b) at least one of infer and apply at least one of i) network-wide optimal per-gNB or per transmission/reception point (TRP) Synchronization Signal (SS) burst set, and ii) associated channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) configurations for downlink (DL) reference signal transmissions, thereby enhancing at least one of network transmission power efficiency and spectral efficiency.

Abstract: There is provided a method for a session audit in a communication system having a first plane and a second plane. The method can be employed in a case in which the first plane is a control plane and the second plane is a user plane, or a case in which the first plane is a user plane and the second plane is a control plane. The first plane performs operations of (1) sending to the second plane, an association update request that contains a first vendor-specific information element (IE) having (a) a bit set to indicate a desire for a single control plane (CP) fully-qualified session identification (CP F-SEID), and (b) a CP F-SEID, and (2) receiving from the second plane, an association update response that contains a second vendor-specific IE having (a) the CP F-SEID, and (b) a mapped user plane (UP) fully-qualified session identification (UP F-SEID).

Abstract: There is provided, an open radio access network distributed unit (O-DU) having an electronic module that performs an FS-8 Radio Access Technology (RAT) functionality.

Abstract: A wireless communications system includes radio components (O-RU, O-DU, O-CU), an ORAN Non-Real-Time RAN Intelligent Controller (Non-RT RIC) framework, an O-RU Controller and a CBSD Controller interfacing with a Spectrum Access System (SAS) using the Wireless Innovation Forum (WINNF) CBSD-SAS Interface. An example of CBSD Controller is a Domain Proxy (DP) defined by WINNF. The CBSD Controller is disclosed as an application belonging to the Non-RT RIC. This application could be an rApp. The Non RT MC Framework operates as a broker to route information between the O-RU Controller and the CBSD Controller. Data types are defined to be exchanged over the R1 interface.

Abstract: A method for time sensitive network (TSN) operation includes: in the case of data traffic stoppage in a communication channel of TSN due to at least one of down time of a user plane (UP) connection and a reset of the UP connection, performing the following: generating, by a user plane function (UPF), an audit report about the at least one of the down time and the reset; sending, by the UPF, the audit report to a first element in control plane (CP), without waiting for communication from the CP; and determining, by one of the first element or a second element in the CP, survival time of the communication channel. The audit report is sent along with a report type indicating the down time of the UP connection due to connection fluctuation or a switch-over of the UP connection from a primary UPF to a back-up UPF.

Abstract: There is provided, an open radio access network distributed unit (O-DU) having an electronic module that performs an FS-8 Radio Access Technology (RAT) functionality such as frequency hopping, downlink (DL) carrier aggregation, uplink (UL) channelization, power control, and fast automatic gain control (AGC).

Abstract: There is provided an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) that includes a fronthaul interface over which an O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) and an O-RAN Radio Unit (O-RU) communicate with one another and exchange O-RAN standard defined user-plane (U-plane) packets and control-place (C-Plane) packets. The fronthaul interface carries control and management information via management-plane (M-Plane) message exchange, and timing synchronization is achieved in accordance with synchronization-plane (S-Plane) procedures, and the O-RAN accommodates communications via 2G and 3G based mobile networks.

Abstract: A method of operating an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) fronthaul interface between O-RAN radio unit (O-RU) and an O-RU controller for controlling the O-RU includes: sending, from the O-RU to the O-RU controller, a message informing whether the O-RU supports Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) operation; and if so, sending from the O-RU to the O-RU controller a report of capabilities of the O-RU including whether spectrum measurement is supported; if the O-RU supports spectrum measurement, providing an indication the O-RU supports either measurement without grant or measurement with gram from a Spectrum Access System (SAS); and sending from the O-RU to the O-RU controller a Federal Communications Commission certification identification (FCC ID) for the O-RU, Citizens Broadband Radio Service Device (CBSD) category for the O-RU, user registration identification (userId) for CBRS, installation parameters, grouping parameters, and/or a call sign device identifier provided by the FCC.

Abstract: A method of Narrow-band Internet of Things physical random-access channel (NPRACH) communication includes: transmitting, from a user equipment (UE), a Narrow-band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) symbol using a transmit inverse fast Fourier transform (Tx-IFFT) having a first length; processing, at lower physical layer (LPHY) of a baseband unit (BBU), the NB-IoT OFDMA symbol using a receive fast Fourier transform (Rx-FFT) having a second length different from the first length to generate an Rx-FFT output; sending, from the LPHY of the BBU to upper physical layer (UPHY) of the BBU, a selected number of values of the Rx-FFT output corresponding to desired resources block in the NB-IoT OFDMA symbol; filtering, at the UPHY, intercarrier interference (ICI) from the selected number of values of the Rx-FFT output; and reconstructing, at the UPHY, the NB-IoT OFDMA symbol.

Abstract: There is provided a technique of decoding an uplink in a multiple input multiple output wireless communication system in an open radio access network having an open distributed unit (O-DU) and an open radio unit (O-RU). The O-DU (a) constructs a combining matrix for a resource block, and (b) sends the combining matrix to the O-RU. The O-RU (a) utilizes the combining matrix to compress signals on NR antennas per subcarrier into M values, where NR is a number of antennas, and M is less than NR, and (b) sends the M values per subcarrier to the O-DU.

Abstract: When a user equipment (UE) provides a new request to a serving gateway (S GW), the S GW augments domain name system (DNS) requests and provides them to a public DNS, with the augmentation providing indications of the requested function. The public DNS responds by providing the IP address of a simplified packet data network (PDN) gateway (P GW) close to the UE location. The P GW forwards communications to the nearest instance of an endpoint providing the requested service or function. In embodiments, some of the functions of the P GW are shifted to other devices in the mobile core, devices that are already local. The simplification of the P GW allows the P GW to be virtualized and moved to a general-purpose server location. Existing information present in the data path is used to provide encryption of portions of the General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol (GTP) connection, allowing the location of the P GW to be optimized in a virtual server data center, as the data path is now secure.

Abstract: A method of enabling a Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN)-compatible central unit (CU) to modify at least one dynamic Transport Network Layer Association (TNLA) in communication with a C-RAN-compatible distributed unit (DU) includes: generating, by the CU, a first TNLA distinct from an existing second TNLA; communicating, by the CU to the DU, assigned first and second weight factors associated with the first and second TNLAs, respectively, wherein i) the assigned first weight factor associated with the first TNLA indicates required selection, and ii) the assigned second weight factor for the second TNLA indicates required non-selection; establishing a new Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP) connection towards a gNB-CU IP address associated with the first TNLA; and automatically selecting, by the DU, the first TNLA for any new UE requiring service. The method can be performed using one of F1-C interface, Xn-C interface and E1 interface.

Abstract: A method of enabling enhanced Management Plane functions on the fronthaul interface between Open Radio Access Network Radio Unit (O-RU) and O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) includes: identifying four subfields within 16-bit Extended Antenna Carrier Id (Eaxc-ID) field using a first set of four specified bitmasks including DU_Port_ID bitmask, BandSector_ID bitmask, CC_ID bitmask, and RU_Port_ID bitmask; and providing a second set of specified bitmasks including at least one of band-bitmask, sector-bitmask, channel-type-bitmask, and layer-antenna-port-bitmask, wherein: i) band bitmask defines which bits within the BandSector_ID bitmask subfield are used to indicate band; ii) sector bitmask defines which bits within the BandSector_ID bitmask subfield are used to indicate sector-id; iii) channel-type bitmask defines which bits within the RU_Port_ID bitmask subfield are used to indicate channel type; and iv) layer-antenna-port bitmask defines which bits within the RU_Port_ID bitmask subfield are used to indicate one o

Abstract: There is provided a method of operating an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) having an O-RAN radio unit (O-RU) and an O-RU controller. The method includes sending, from the O-RU to the O-RU controller, (i) a message informing that the O-RU supports a feature such as (a) a plurality of delay management profiles, and/or (b) a plurality of transmission window sizes, and (ii) a report of capabilities of the O-RU, where the report includes a parameter such as (a) a quantity of supported delay management profiles, (b) supported window sizes for each of the plurality of delay management profiles, and/or (c) a supported window offset for each of the plurality of delay management profiles. The O-RU controller configures the O-RU based on the feature and the parameter.

Abstract: Use of available bits in the TEID field of the GTP header to hold information needed to recreate at least a partial state of the session, enough for it to be routed, without waiting for a full state update. The GTP PDU contains the IP Payload with the source and destination IP addresses. The embodiments use that information and the coded TEID bits to provide sufficient routing information so that the packet can be routed without the full state. The TEID is coded to include bits identifying the APN and bits identifying the QCI of the session. A bit can be used to indicate drop if the full state not available. The remaining bits are used to identify unique user sessions. Some of the TEID bits can be encoded with the charging ID. Because sufficient routing information is provided in each packet, a backup gateway does not need to checkpoint.

Abstract: Each UE in a mobile data network is assigned two different addresses, one a common IP address used downstream of the P-GW and the other a new IP address used upstream with the router and unique to the data processing node. The node changes the IP address of the UE in either direction as a packet passes through the P-GW. The use of an IP range unique to each node or data processing unit allows the upstream router to route downlink packets directly to the node containing the UE context, so that forwarding of packets between nodes is greatly reduced, if not eliminated. By getting rid of this inter-node forwarding, the data plane can scale to much greater limits.

Abstract: An intelligent system and a method in a packet network to utilize the radio network resource and the core network resource in an optimized way so that more high priority, critical devices are granted access to the network while throttling the low priority, non-critical devices with the same given resource. The system collects all the necessary information from the signaling exchange between the radio access network and the core network and takes the device subscription characteristics and statically or dynamically defined throttling behavior rules into consideration to choose the optimal behavior to handle the requests from devices at any given time including deciding to reject the requests for certain types of devices under certain network conditions while granting the requests for other types of devices.

Abstract: A method of performing CSFB in an IMS comprises receiving, at a TAS, an incoming voice call for a UE attached to an EPS; paging the UE by the first ICS GW; receiving, by a second ICS GW associated with a second CS RAN currently connected to the UE, a Location Update message from the UE, the Location Update message containing a first CSFB indicator; transmitting, by the second ICS GW, a Registration message to the TAS, the Registration message containing a second CSFB indicator in response to the first CSFB indicator in the Location Update message; transmitting, by the TAS, a Cancel message to the first ICS GW; and transmitting, by the TAS, an Invite message to the second ICS GW to complete the voice call with the UE.

Abstract: The solution introduces a method and system in a network node of a telecommunication network such as the MME. The method includes receiving, from an eNodeB, an attach request that originated from a UE, the attach request including an identifier associated with a subscriber of the UE; checking a UE blacklist to determine whether the identifier in the attach request is on the UE blacklist; in response to the UE identifier being on the UE blacklist: rejecting the attach request; updating a success rate metric to reflect the failed attach request; comparing the success rate metric to a threshold; and in response to a decrease in the success rate metric below the threshold, recognizing a malicious attack and taking mitigating steps.

Abstract: A system and an algorithm in a mobile core network to distribute the data load across multiple data processing entities. The system is seen as having one data plane entity to the external entities like routers; hence the system can scale without needing to update the external nodes. In general when a data plane processing entity is added or removed, a new distribution rule is provided to the remaining data plane processing entities. Only after some number of sessions have been migrated does the new distribution get provided to the data distribution entities. This delay allows sufficient sessions to be migrated to minimize the overall number of packets that have to be forwarded for processing. This benefit can be maximized by taking advantage of cellular network's idle mode behavior and by migrating the sessions while they are in idle mode.