Abstract: An optically active (2S,5R)-7-oxo-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acid compound defined by the following formula (F): wherein R1 represents CO2R, CO2M, or CONH2, wherein R represents an allyl group or a benzyl group, and M represents a hydrogen atom, an inorganic cation, or an organic cation; and R2 represents a benzyl group or an allyl group.

Abstract: A dysphagia improving composition characterized in that a substance having an inhibitory action on an angiotensin converting enzyme, which is a degrading enzyme of substance P, is administered locally in a dosage not influencing blood pressure, and a pharmaceutical for improving dysphagia containing the composition.

Abstract: What is aimed at is provision of an inexpensive and efficient saccharification method for lignocellulose using a thermostable xylanase and provision of a mutant xylanase that has a substitute amino acid residue, and that exhibits stable activity even under severe conditions in which enzymes easily inactivate, and that provides an initial rate of reaction not significantly reduced as compared to a wild-type xylanase corresponding to the mutant xylanase. Provided is a method of producing a saccharified product of lignocellulose, including contacting a lignocellulosic raw material with a thermostable xylanase, and a mutant xylanase that provides an initial rate of reaction that is at least 70% of that provided by a wild-type xylanase corresponding thereto, that has a xylanase activity after heat treatment at 50° C. for 24 hours that is at least 50% of its xylanase activity before the heat treatment, and that has a substitute amino acid residue.

Abstract: A method for producing a compound represented by formula (I) comprises the steps of: acylating an amino group at position 2 of a compound represented by formula (A) by use of trifluoroacetic acid as an acylating agent to thereby produce a compound represented by formula (B); and further alkylating a nitrogen atom at position 1 of the compound represented by formula (B), as follows

Abstract: What is aimed at is provision of an inexpensive and efficient saccharification method for lignocellulose using a thermostable xylanase and provision of a mutant xylanase that has a substitute amino acid residue, and that exhibits stable activity even under severe conditions in which enzymes easily inactivate, and that provides an initial rate of reaction not significantly reduced as compared to a wild-type xylanase corresponding to the mutant xylanase. Provided is a method of producing a saccharified product of lignocellulose, including contacting a lignocellulosic raw material with a thermostable xylanase, and a mutant xylanase that provides an initial rate of reaction that is at least 70% of that provided by a wild-type xylanase corresponding thereto, that has a xylanase activity after heat treatment at 50° C. for 24 hours that is at least 50% of its xylanase activity before the heat treatment, and that has a substitute amino acid residue.

Abstract: A modified polynucleotide has a different base sequence in at least one codon from a wild-type base sequence encoding a horseradish peroxidase polypeptide. The usage frequency of the modified codon of the polynucleotide corresponds to the codon usage frequencies of three filamentous fungal species in Humicola, Aspergillus, and Trichoderma. The polynucleotide is capable of expressing the polypeptide to be encoded in a filamentous fungus.

Abstract: The invention provides aqueous liquid pharmaceutical compositions comprising arbekacin and chloride ions. The compositions are well tolerable for use in a method for treatment or prevention of a disease of the upper or lower respiratory tract, wherein the composition is aerosolized and inhaled by the patient. Furthermore, the invention provides arbekacin hydrochloride.

Abstract: An object is to efficiently produce thermostable catalase at low cost by expressing it as a recombinant protein in large quantity. A recombinant microorganism capable of efficiently expressing thermostable catalase can be provided by obtaining a DNA necessary for efficiently producing it as a recombinant protein, and the thermostable catalase can be efficiently produced at low cost by cultivating the obtained recombinant microorganism. Hydrogen peroxide can be efficiently decomposed at low cost, even at high temperature, by treating a solution containing hydrogen peroxide with the thermostable catalase of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous suspended agricultural chemical composition comprising an agricultural chemical active ingredient, an alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formalin condensate and one or two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkyl sulfate, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate, an alkyl phosphoric acid and a salt thereof, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphoric acid and a salt thereof, and a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether acetic acid and a salt thereof. The aqueous suspended agricultural chemical composition suppresses the crystal growth of the agricultural chemical active ingredient, and has an excellent effect on pest control and an excellent storage stability.

Abstract: A crystalline form of a diazabicyclooctane derivative represented by the following Formula (VII), and processes for producing the same:

Abstract: A process for producing a diazabicyclooctane derivative represented by Formula (IV) and intermediates thereof by carrying out the following steps: wherein P is an NH protecting group capable of being removed with acid; R1 is 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl, 1,3-dioxo-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindol-2(3H)-yl, 1,3-dioxohexahydro-1H-isoindol-2(3H)-yl, or 3,5-dioxo-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.02.6]dec-8-en-4-yl; R2 is hydrogen, ClCO— or Cl3COCO—; R3 is C1-6 alkyl or heterocyclyl, or forms a 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring together with the —O—NH— to which it is attached; and OBn is benzyloxy.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds that are utilizable as systemic insecticides and possess excellent systemic properties. Compounds represented by formula (1) have excellent systemic insecticidal activity. Accordingly, a composition comprising as an active ingredient the compound of formula (1) or salt thereof is useful as a systemic insecticide.

Abstract: To supply a derivative having a 2-acyliminopyridine structure and being represented by the following formula (I) in an amount required as a pest control agent stably and at a low cost, provided is a method comprising the steps of: acylating an amino group at position 2 of a compound represented by formula (A) by use of an acylating agent, to thereby produce a compound represented by formula (B); and further alkylating a nitrogen atom at position 1 of the compound represented by formula (B): [where Ar represents a phenyl group or a 5- to 6-membered heterocycle, R1 represents a C1-6 alkyl group, and Y represents a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; a hydroxyl group; a C1-6 alkyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom; a C1-6 alkyloxy group which may be substituted with a halogen atom; a cyano group; a formyl group; or a nitro group].

Abstract: To provide a production method capable of mass production of UK-2 at low cost, the genomic DNA of Streptoverticillium sp. 3-7, which produces UK-2, was analyzed to identify a region expected to be a UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster. Moreover, by colony hybridization, DNAs in the region were successfully isolated. Further, the DNAs were used to prepare a strain in which the genes present in the region were disrupted. The strain was found not to produce UK-2. It was verified that the genomic region was the UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster. Furthermore, Streptoverticillium sp. 3-7 was transformed by introduction of a vector in which the isolated UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster was inserted. It was also found out that the UK-2 productivity by the transformant was improved about 10 to 60 times or more in comparison with that of the parental strain. Moreover, it was revealed that 2 copies of the UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster were present per cell in these transformants, respectively.

Abstract: A compound of formula (Ie?): wherein Ar?, R1, R4c and Y are as defined herein and a method of controlling pests using the compound.

Abstract: What is aimed at is provision of an inexpensive and efficient saccharification method for lignocellulose using a thermostable xylanase and provision of a mutant xylanase that has a substitute amino acid residue, and that exhibits stable activity even under severe conditions in which enzymes easily inactivate, and that provides an initial rate of reaction not significantly reduced as compared to a wild-type xylanase corresponding to the mutant xylanase. Provided is a method of producing a saccharified product of lignocellulose, including contacting a lignocellulosic raw material with a thermostable xylanase, and a mutant xylanase that provides an initial rate of reaction that is at least 70% of that provided by a wild-type xylanase corresponding thereto, that has a xylanase activity after heat treatment at 50° C. for 24 hours that is at least 50% of its xylanase activity before the heat treatment, and that has a substitute amino acid residue.

Abstract: It has been found that a main effect (immunosuppressive activity) of an S1P1 receptor agonist correlates with the selectivity for cells expressing a combination of an S1P1 receptor with G?i2 or G?i3, and that an adverse effect (cardiotoxicity) of an S1P1 receptor agonist correlates with the selectivity for cells expressing a combination of an S1P1 receptor with G?i1.

Abstract: What is aimed at is provision of an inexpensive and efficient saccharification method for lignocellulose using a thermostable xylanase and provision of a mutant xylanase that has a substitute amino acid residue, and that exhibits stable activity even under severe conditions in which enzymes easily inactivate, and that provides an initial rate of reaction not significantly reduced as compared to a wild-type xylanase corresponding to the mutant xylanase. Provided is a method of producing a saccharified product of lignocellulose, including contacting a lignocellulosic raw material with a thermostable xylanase, and a mutant xylanase that provides an initial rate of reaction that is at least 70% of that provided by a wild-type xylanase corresponding thereto, that has a xylanase activity after heat treatment at 50° C. for 24 hours that is at least 50% of its xylanase activity before the heat treatment, and that has a substitute amino acid residue.

Abstract: Provided is a pest control composition containing a novel iminopyridine derivative and other pest control agents. Provided is a pest control composition containing an iminopyridine derivative represented by the following Formula (I) and at least one of other pest control agents: [in the formula (I), Ar represents a 5- to 6-membered heterocycle which may be substituted, A represents a heterocycle having a 5- to 10-membered unsaturated bond including one or more nitrogen atoms, and has an imino group substituted with an R group at a position adjacent to the nitrogen atom present on the cycle, Y represents hydrogen, halogen and the like, and R represents any one of groups represented by the following Formulae (a) to (e), (y) or (z)].

Abstract: The genomic DNA of Streptoverticillium sp. 3-7, which produces UK-2, was analyzed to identify a region expected to be a UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster. Moreover, by colony hybridization, DNAs in the region were successfully isolated. Further, the DNAs were used to prepare a strain in which the genes present in the region were disrupted. The strain was found not to produce UK-2. It was verified that the genomic region was the UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster. Furthermore, Streptoverticillium sp. 3-7 was transformed by introduction of a vector in which the isolated UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster was inserted. It was also found out that the UK-2 productivity by the transformant was improved about 10 to 60 times or more in comparison with that of the parental strain. Moreover, it was revealed that 2 copies of the UK-2 biosynthetic gene cluster were present per cell in these transformants, respectively.