Abstract: An apparatus is used for automatic insertion and alignment of freight units, such as pallets or containers, into mobile cargo compartments. The apparatus includes a pivotal guide lever with a hold-down member arranged at an entry guide in the region of an opening into the mobile cargo compartment. For moving the freight into the cargo compartment, the guide lever is displaced by an adjustment lever extending upwardly from the bottom of the cargo compartment. The adjustment lever can be displaced from the path of on-coming freight units so that the freight unit passes over the adjustment lever.

Abstract: A spring element for connecting two components, the two components having substantially the same direction of extension, where one component is fixed relative to the other component, with the latter component having angle of rotation mobility relative to the fixed component. In the component extension direction, a T-shaped sectional piece is provided having a base section extending in the component extension direction and a section extending substantially perpendicularly from the base section. The section extending from the base section has a connecting device for connecting this section to the component with angle of rotation mobility. The base section has torsional flexibility and includes a connnecting device at each end for connecting the base section to the fixed component. The connecting devices for connecting the base section to the fixed component are limited to both ends of the base section.

Abstract: In order to attain a cost-effective manufacturing, suitable for large-scale production, in the case of a rail wheel, and, at the same time, a high degree of structural strength, whereby the wheel disk, which rigidly joins the wheel hub (4) with the wheel tire in a fibrous composite type of construction, is made of two external fibrous composite surface layers and a characteristically light inner core, which transmits shearing force, arranged between them, the inner core is composed, according to the invention, of ring segment-shaped, foam plastic-filled fibrous composite hollow cases (22), each consisting of web portions (28), running radially between the wheel hub and the wheel tire, arranged perpendicularly to the surface layers, with an intersecting fibrous orientation, slanted at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the sections, as well as profile side walls (30), formed in one piece, on the longitudinal edges of the web portions, with a continuous fibrous structure, each evenly bonded with the inne

Abstract: A control propulsion unit with a solid propellant (4) and a discharge nozzle, through which the propellant gases emerge into the open air, especially to exert transverse forces on a missile. To be able to precisely, quantitatively regulate the transverse forces, in accordance with the invention, it is proposed to extinguish the propellant in a controlled operation by reducing the clamping of the control propulsion unit, for example, by enlarging the discharge port for the propellant gases.

Abstract: A circuit for converting analog velocity and acceleration signals into digital signals for further digital processing is disclosed. An integration stage using the register accumulation process replaces the charging capacitor used on analog systems and is much more accurate.

Abstract: A suspension device for vehicles between a spring-mounted passenger car and a chassis with at least one flexible spring and a damping element connected in parallel to the spring. The damping element is an active damping element with a controllable damping ratio, which features an hydraulic piston, a first bypass with constant throttle action and a second bypass with a throttle valve, whereby the throttle valve is connected to a controlling device, which opens or closes the throttle valve, as a function of the excursion rate of the flexible spring or of the lateral acceleration values of the passenger car and of the chassis.

Abstract: A rotor, in particular a helicopter rotor, whereby the movement of the pitch angle of the rotor blade relative to a rotor hub is provided either by a blade neck with torsional flexibility disposed between a blade root and a blade wing or by a blade connection on a rotor hub arm with torsional flexibility. The pitch angle control for the blade is provided by a steering rod coupled to a torsionally stiff blade control casing extending coaxially without making contact along the blade neck or the rotor hub arm up to the blade wing or to the blade root. The control casing is supported on the blade root or rotor hub by at least one brace, which brace, in the longitudinal direction of the blade, has a T-shape. The vertical section of the T-shape is coupled to the blade control casing and the T-base is coupled with torsional flexibility to the blade root or the rotor hub arm, whereby the connection to the base is limited to both of the extremities of the base.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a ranging gun (1a to 1f) for a mass (17, 18) which is to be accelerated. The ranging gun comprises a coaxial system as acceleration system, which coaxial system consists of an outer conductor (2) and an inner conductor (3) which are electrically connected with one another by means of a short-circuit bridge (9) which terminates the coaxial system. In the coaxial system, a strong current pulse is fed at one side. Next, an explosive charge, which is aligned along the coaxial system, is ignited at the feed location so that the outer and inner conductors (2, 3) contact and a closed hollow space (10) is formed. The front termination is formed by a plasma bridge (11) which has formed from the short-circuit bridge (9) by means of the vaporization of the bridge material after feeding the strong current pulse.

Abstract: A warhead for use against fortified or armored targets has an axially extending common housing. A forward hollow charge is located in the housing adjacent the forward end. A follow-up projectile is located in the housing between the hollow charge and the rearward end. When the housing strikes a target an ignition system is activated first igniting the follow-up projectile and then igniting the hollow charge, so that the hollow charge opens a hole in the target and then is followed by the follow-up projectile aligned with the hole.

Abstract: A fluid distributor with a body of revolution, which is arranged around an axis of rotation and has a fluid passage communicating with a fluid source, as well as an exhaust passage, which is connected to this fluid passage and emerges from the side wall of the body of revolution, and fluid flows out of this exhaust passage as a fluid jet, in a direction which does not intersect the axis of rotation of the body of revolution, such that the body of revolution is set into rotation. To enable a back and forth motion of the body of revolution, with such an arrangement, between two stops, a jet baffle is provided, which is not connected to the body of revolution and which, when the body of revolution contacts the second stop, diverts the major portion of the fluid jet emerging from the exhaust passage in the direction of rotation, so that the fluid jet then acts on a supporting surface provided on the body of revolution to reverse the direction of rotation.

Abstract: A missile having a rotor ring, which has at least one adjustable fin actuated by the relative rotation between the rotor ring and the missile. At least one motor is arranged between the rotor ring and the missile, and a control device is provided which allows the motor to work as a generator and performs the fin adjustment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for process control in both the production of uniform material layers using vapor deposition, sputtering, chemical deposition, etc. and the treating of material layers. In particular, the process and apparatus are particularly useful in semiconductor fabrication where ion implantation or diffusion is used. A brief test signal of preset shape, frequency spectrum, or frequency sequence is applied at given time intervals to the material layer whose production characteristics need to be monitored. The measuring signal is applied to a digital evaluation circuit in a process control computer. The signal has various components whose time constants and/or conductivities are different from one another and which together are characteristics of the current flowing through the layer being monitored. In particular, the current flowing over the surface layer i.sub.1, the current flowing through particle houndary areas i.sub.3, and the current through homogeneous material ranges i.sub.

Abstract: A detector device for the directionalized detection of laser radiation has a plurality of individual optics, which together can measure radiation throughout a defined total angle of detection. Each individual optical system comprises a fiber optic guide with a corresponding light concentrator, which has a generally funnel-shaped, dynamically balanced design, tapered towards the end of the fiber optic guide. The funnel wall reflects inwardly and is shaped, so that the following condition is fulfilled:A.sub.K sin.sup.2 .theta..sub.max >A.sub.F sin.sup.2 .theta..sub.g.

Abstract: A method for crystallizing substances, which are dissolved in a liquid at zero-gravity. In order to limit the extent of lattice defects occuring in the crystallized monocrystals as much as possible, it is provided, that the liquid during the crystallization is held as a quasi freely suspended liquid sphere and the substance in the liquid is crystallized using methods known per se. The liquid sphere is expediently held suspended within a space, which is limited from the outside by retaining elements. In a corresponding device, the retaining elements can be placed on the interior walls of a container.

Abstract: A nonlinear frequency domain filter serving for the suppression of unwanted signals which are superposed on a wanted signal variable in a given frequency range. The frequency domain filter comprises linear transmission members and a dead-zone member. With the filter, the zero point of the dead-zone member, to which the input signal to be filtered is supplied, follows proportionally the output signal of a pass-band filter connected in parallel with the dead-zone member. Further, the output signal of the pass-band filter is added to the output signal of the dead-zone member.

Abstract: An optical-fiber gyroscope of the Sagnac type consists of a fiber-optic loop and a 3.times.3 coupler, composed of three optically coupled fiber-optic guides, whereby a first fiber-optic guide of the 3.times.3 coupler is coupled to an optical radiation source and the two other fiber-optic guides of the 3.times.3 coupler are coupled on one end to one end of the fiber-optic loop and, on the other end, to a radiation detecting instrument. The first fiber-optic guide of the 3.times.3 coupler features a radiation detecting instrument on the end opposite the radiation source, with which interference-related variations in the light source, as well as in the 3.times.3 coupler, can be detected.

Abstract: A position-resolving sensor for detecting individual light flashes with a multiplicity of adjacent light-receiving elements and an evaluating circuit which determines the light-receiving element which is struck by a light flash. The sensor comprises light-receiving elements subdivided into a plurality of groups such that each light-receiving element is exclusively adjacent to light-receiving elements belonging to other groups. Each group of light-receiving elements is associated with a row of light detectors and at least one optical connecting element establishes a light-conducting connection between each individual light-receiving element and light detectors which are selected in accordance with a given code from the assigned row of light detectors. A high solid-angle resolution can be achieved with few light detectors. In addition, that order number of the light-receiving element is read out which has registered the light flash, directly in a digital code.

Abstract: The determination of the orientation parameters of a missile by means of a three-line scanner requires the generation of scanning traces which are oriented at a specific angle with respect to the direction of flight. In the present invention the scanning traces are produced with a two or four part scanning prism, whose reflecting surfaces are arranged at a specific angel .beta. with respect to the axis of rotation of the scanning prism.

Abstract: An apparatus for the fragmentation of a solid body surrounded by a fluid, in particular in a living being, by means of acoustic shock waves which are induced by the light of a laser. A reflector for acoustic waves focuses the shock waves onto the body. In the region of the reflector, an element is provided which consists of a material absorbing the laser light, and onto which the laser light is directed, so that the plasma state triggering the acoustic shock wave develops at the surface of the element. The apparatus thus has the advantage that even under unfavorable conditions acoustic shock waves can be generated with certainty at every laser pulse.

Abstract: A safety device for use in low-speed aerodynamic bodies. The pressure conditions at the outer contour of the flying equipment are used for obtaining an arming criterion of a fuse. A slide is movable from a safe to an armed position. In the safe position, slide pickup ports are within the internal contour of the body. In the armed position, the slide pickup ports are exposed to the air stream outside the external contour of the body for creating a pressure difference for arming the fuse.