Abstract: A position transmitter which determines the point of incidence of a light or particle beam on a sensor array, and the output signal of which gives the point of incidence in a digital code. The position transmitter comprises a sensor array having diodes which are arranged on a substrate and are connected at least partly to each other as well as to a digital bus, of which a part of the array generates electron-hole pairs if the light or particle beam strikes, and another part of the diode array arranged in accordance with the desired code is switched off in its function.

Abstract: An unfoldable and refoldable antenna reflector having support ribs which are linked to a support body, the support ribs being spaced from the latter approximately radially in the unfolded condition, for carrying a reflector screen or a reflector foil and which can be tilted up for refolding, folding elements being attached between adjacent support ribs which extend substantially transversely to the support ribs and are fastened at predeterminable spacings to the reflector screen or to the reflector foil, the spacings between the fastening points being shortened during refolding.

Abstract: In a method for the wet grinding of explosive, a homogeneous suspension with a given ratio of water to explosive of e.g. 4:1 is produced in a vessel with an agitator. The level in the vessel (10) is adjusted as the suspension is being supplied to the mill in such a way that it does fall below the level of the blades of the agitator.

Abstract: A method for controlling a magnetic suspension vehicle which is guided by means of levitation and guidance magnets (magnetic wheels) along a track by means of individual magnet controls for each magnetic wheel. The controller signals (U.sub.R) or at least portions (U.sub.Su) of these signals are stochastically falsified for the individual magnet controls during standstill suspension or at low travel velocities of the magnetic suspension vehicle independently of each other. Thereby, the central interference possibilities of the track to the system vehicle/track are decentralized and asynchronized, so that all controls act independently of each other and the magnetic suspension vehicle or the dynamic overall system can be kept stable also at standstill and at low travel velocities.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for the transmission of data, in digital form, in a bus system, which includes a central unit, several stations, as well as a bus line or data bus. During operation, the following different transmission phases take place: An initiation phase, in which the central control unit queries all of the stations and prepares a request phase; the request phase, in which the individual stations report a required bus access; an allocation phase, in which each station obtains a time slot in response to its request; and a data phase, for transmission of the data. The central unit includes a phase control, a request collector, a time slot allocator, and a register. A number of the stations are provided with a request generator in such a way that the latter can signal a need to the bus access. Thus, an optimum utilization of the transmission capacity is achieved, possibly by switching stations off. However, a rapid bus access is possible at any time for important stations.

Abstract: A process for producing an integrated system of thin-film solar cells (14, 15) connected in series, wherein a first electrode layer is initially large-area deposited on a substrate and subsequently a photosensitive layer composed of sublayers is applied. Before structuring of the layers, for the purpose of series connecting, a second electrode layer is large-area applied on the photosensitive layer. Predetermined areas are then removed from the three layers to permit connection (12) of the now insulated individual solar cells (14, 15). This technique, overall, is particularly economical.

Abstract: An apparatus for recognizing relative extrema in a dispersive digital data word sequence which includes relatively few, simple component elements specifically including a comparator which generates a positive or zero logic signal depending on the sign of the word comparison between two successive words, a counter operating within a limited numerical range for counting the comparator output signals upward or downward, and a threshold detector responding when a given counter status is exceeded or fallen short of for maximum or minimum indication, and which due to its structurally and operatively simple design ensures real-time processing of scattering data word sequences with a high word frequency, e.g., 500 MHz.

Abstract: A light guide, particularly for medical instruments with a light guide fiber, which is surrounded, if needed, by a protective jacket, a sleeve which surrounds the light guide fiber at a distance therefrom and consists of one or several tubes and a feeding unit on one side of the light guide for the feeding of light radiation into the light guide fiber. The light guide fiber and a tube of the sleeve are mounted in the feeding unit, while the other end of the light guide fiber is mounted in the tube of the sleeve. A length compensating element that can change its length axially but is largely not expandable radially, is set in the sleeve to prevent stresses acting longitudinally on the sleeve and light guide fiber due to bending, especially during the coiling of the light guide fiber.

Abstract: An emergency supply system for maintaining the emergency flight control of a high-performance aircraft of aerodynamically unstable design having three energy systems, namely, two identical hydraulic systems, connected in parallel for redundancy, for actuation of the control surfaces of the aircraft required for its ability to fly, and an electric on-board system having at least one generator, a rechargeable battery and a non-rechargeable emergency battery, the three energy systems being interconnectible in terms of energy by a power transmission unit, and wherein the two hydraulic systems are divided into subsystems associated with single or several rudder functions which, if necessary, can be disconnected singly.

Abstract: To brake a sabot accelerated in a launcher of a recoiless rifle tube a mandrel shaped braking sleeve is disposed in the tube and an intermediate space is provided between a tapered surface of the mandrel and the tube into which the material of the front edge of the sabot expanded. In this way when the sabot is accelerated against the mandrel, its front edge slides along the tapered surface, radially outwardly into the intermediate space. This functions to deform and positively stop the movement of the sabot before it leaves the tube.

Abstract: A device for reducing the frictional drag inherent in flow mechanics in airborne, waterborne and space vehicles in which the surface of a body in a flowing medium is provided with an asymmetrical microstructure in the form of grooved profiles whose dimensions do not essentially exceed the average free travel length of the molecules of the medium.

Abstract: In the disclosed device, a lens arrangement focuses light upon a detecting sensor arrangement as a vehicle passes over an object, such as the ground, whose surface is to be determined. An optical device slews the path of light to the lens arrangement from left to right relative to the direction of vehicle movement. In one embodiment, a four-part prism rotating on an axis along the direction of vehicle movement passes light through three lenses angled down, for, and aft the vertical and separate radiation detectors simultaneously sense radiation from the earth's surface. In another embodiment, a rotating hexagonal prism has outer reflecting surfaces skewed normal, for, and aft, so that a single lens views sequential signals and applies them to a radiation detector. The signals are sampled, held, digitally converted, recorded, and stored.

Abstract: A method for determining the earth's magnetic field and, selectively, additionally, for determining a satellite orientation as a premise for the attitude control of an earth satellite in a known orbit. The satellite is equipped with magnetic coils 5, 6, and 7, gyros, sun sensors and reaction and/or flywheels 1, 2, 3, 4. The x-axis of a coordinate system integral with the satellite is continuously oriented towards the sun. The satellite can be rotated through a variable angle of rotation .alpha. around the x-axis. At three instants t.sub.0, t.sub.1, t.sub.2, spaced from each other by small time intervals, respective angular momentum components H.sub.y, H.sub.z are measured. Herein, a constant magnetic moment M.sub.x is generated throughout the second time interval. From these domains, the components of the earth's magnetic field B.sub.y, B.sub.z are calculated for t.sub.0. From this, subsequently, the angle of rotation .alpha. can be determined.

Abstract: A star sensor arrangement for a satellite which on its orbit and/or during transfer into the orbit rotates at least with a part about an axis of rotation fixed with respect to the satellite, and which is equipped with a star sensor looking in the direction of the axis of rotation and likewise rotating about the axis of rotation, having a co-rotating mirror arranged in the viewing direction of the star sensor which is set obliquely with respect to said direction.

Abstract: An arrangement switches from a defective device of a multi-device system to a redundant duplicate device by assigning a non-volatile memory to each device. Each memory has a single read line to a logic circuit that turns on a device or its duplicate depending upon the memory status. An error detector monitors the devices to activate appropriate memory circuits and logic circuits upon detection of a defect in a particular device.

Abstract: A method and a device for angle coding a guided smooth-tube projectile, by which the roll position existing at the launching can be coded irreversibly for any insertion position of the projectile in the launching tube.

Abstract: A method and system is used for detecting the presence of measuring the distance to and producing an image of, objects which, while being strongly absorbing or reflecting themselves, are hid from sight in a medium which is strongly dampening due to light dispersion, such as submersed submarines. The method provides, in addition to detecting the reflection from the surface of the object, a full acquisition of the variation of the backscatter of scanning laser pulses by the medium surrounding the object, with laser pulse transmitters operating with a much larger pulse duration, being usable for this purpose.

Abstract: Sensing apparatus for determining the relative position between two bodies located at a distance from one another with respect to a predetermined relative position wherein one of the bodies is provided with a camera having an areal matrix of photosensitive elements arranged in the image plane of the camera and wherein the other of the bodies is provided with a shading member projecting from the surface thereof and with an optically clearly distinguishable reference pattern in the area of the base of the shading member, the reference pattern being formed by means of light sources which emit light patterns which are as punctiform as possible. The reference pattern is partially covered in an asymmetric manner by the shading member during deviation from the reference position and this deviation is sensed by the photosensitive elements in the camera.

Abstract: A stereophotogrammetric surveying and evaluation method is presented. A camera is carried over the terrain of interest, the camera having three sensor lines arranged transversely or obliquely to the line of flight. From the resulting three overlapping line image strips both elevational terrain data and camera orientation data are statistically obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus to compensate for the thermal expansion of a component inserted between two elements, particularly an explosive member placed between a lining, and a cover plate in a shaped charge, comprises two rings that are in contact with one another through conical inner and outer surfaces. The ring with the conical outer surface is made of a material that has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the ring with the conical inner surface. So that the apparatus expands upon reduction in temperature and contracts upon increase in temperature to compensate for respective contraction and expansion of the component.