Abstract: An induction heating type fixing apparatus comprises a fixing sleeve formed of a flexible thin electrically conductive magnetic material, a coil for producing an induced eddy current in the fixing sleeve to generate heat therein, a holder adapted to retain the coil and disposed stationarily in the fixing sleeve, and a pressing roller pressed against the holder through the fixing sleeve. A sheet carrying thereon an unfixed toner is conveyed as nipped between the fixing sleeve and the pressing roller. The toner on the sheet is melted by the heat of the sleeve itself and exposed to the pressure exerted between the holder and the pressing roller and fixed on the sheet. The holder is provided with a separating member adapted to effect the curvature separation of the sheet from the fixing sleeve. The holder is further provided with a heat-diffusing member made of a material with good thermal conductivity characteristics and non-magnetic properties.

Abstract: A compact film player has a picture reproducing unit and an information reading unit capable of reading a photographing information on each frame of the film. When a developed film is fed in an inlet of the picture reproducing unit in a prescribed direction, a scan mirror scans a picture provided on the film perpendicularly to the feed direction, so that a line sensor takes the picture every line. The line sensor and the scan mirror read two-dimensional pictures provided on the film. When the picture of the frame previously read is on display, the scan of the next frame is effected.

Abstract: A CPU in the main body of the apparatus reads out data for smoothing processing from a ROM in an image cartridge for output to a smoothing circuit. The smoothing circuit performs a prescribed smoothing processing based on the data for smoothing processing and outputs the smoothed image data through an input/output control circuit and a printer engine interface circuit to a printer engine which forms an image. As a result, an optimum image processing suitable for any development characteristic can be performed for an image cartridge which is not compatible with the data for image processing of the main body, and a good quality image can be formed.

Abstract: Image compression is accomplished by dividing an image into blocks which are encoded and compressed by finding similarities among the blocks. Image quality and speed are increased through several mechanisms such as varying the size of the blocks when image edges or test is present, by comparing the image blocks to prestored image patterns rather than other portions of the image, using raw data rather than compressed data under certain conditions and the use of inspection areas to increase the possibility of finding the most similar area quickly.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which includes a document transporting device for sequentially transporting a group of original documents to a predetermined position on a document platen one by one. The group of original documents includes main body pages and partition pages which have a dimension different from the dimension of the main body pages. The image forming apparatus also includes an image forming device for forming an image of each of the original documents on a respective copy sheet in synchronization with an operation of the document transportation device. Sheet supplying means which have a plurality of supply portions and which feed copy sheets one at a time from the supply portions to the image forming device are also included.

Abstract: Carrier particles for electrostatic latent image development comprising first particles comprising a binder resin and a magnetic powder dispersed therein and second particles comprising a binder resin and a magnetic powder dispersed therein, said second particles having an average particle size smaller than said first particles, said magnetic powder contained in the first particles has a residual magnetization smaller than that of said magnetic powder contained in the second particles.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring a glow center of a display device is provided with: an image pickup device which includes a sensing surface defined by a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements arranged in a two-dimensional manner at a specified pitch and picks up a light image to produce image data; an optical system which transmits a light image displayed on a display device to the sensing surface of the image pickup device; an optical system controller which controls the optical system to transmit the light image to the sensing surface in such a manner that the maximum spatial frequency of the light image at the sensing surface of the image pickup device is smaller than the reciprocal of the pitch of the photoelectric conversion element arrangement; and a calculator which calculates a glow center of the light image on the display device based on image data produced by the image pickup device.

Abstract: A waveguide input/output device for input and output of laser light L into a thin-film waveguide 2 via an input grating or prism 7 and an output or emission grating 8. The height of the emission grating 8 is gradually increased in a travel direction of a light advancing through the waveguide and either the height of the input grating 7 or the height of the output grating 8 is gradually increased in the direction of propagation of the service elastic waves in the waveguide 3 generated by a transducer element 3.

Abstract: The image reading apparatus is able to execute two image density controls. In one image density control, the image density of the document is detected and adjusted based on the detection, and in the other image density control, the document height is detected and the image density of the document is adjusted based on the detected height. Either of the two image density controls is selected based on the type or the shape of the document for execution of the density control.

Abstract: A photographed image reproducing apparatus is used to reproduce photographic images recorded on successive frames of a film having magnetic tracks on which information is writable for each frame. The apparatus includes a read/write device for reading or writing frame information on the magnetic track. The frame information is read or written in one transporting direction while the image is sensed in the other transporting direction. Also, an information reader is provided at an upstream portion while the information writer is provided at a downstream portion to enable the reading and writing to be executed at the same time. The apparatus considerably reduces the reproduction time.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus which reproduces halftone by using variable area toning method. The image forming apparatus stores a reference pattern data for adjusting bias voltage of developing device. The image forming apparatus also stores density toning data used for printout. An image of the reference pattern data has a dot pattern of which the optical density is more sensitive to environmental fluctuation than that of density toning data.

Abstract: In a digital copying machine, a ground in a document image is removed according to the type of document by referring to a histogram of reflectance data on a document image prepared for each line. A ground peak or a gradation level having the largest frequency in the histogram is determined. Further, frequencies are obtained in three windows appropriate for extracting characteristic quantities for ground, background and characters. A window for the ground quantity is determined according to the ground peak, and a ground range for removing the ground is determined by using the ground peak and the three frequencies. Then, the gradation data are corrected according to the ground range, and an image is formed on a sheet of paper according to the corrected gradation data. Thus, a ground can be removed by analyzing the histogram without a prescan.

Abstract: A copying machine is provided capable of readily and conveniently setting a User's Choice value for an additionally set division. In the copying machine, the User's Choice value of the system which is set for each division is stored in a rewritable storage, such as a hard disc, a back-up memory or the like. The User's Choice of the system is changed in a control unit of the copying machine. The User's Choice value of the system is used as default in registering a new division, and it is thus not necessary to conventionally set a new User's Choice value based on the User's Choice value of the system which is stored in a ROM and thus cannot be changed. Thus, setting User's Choice values is no longer cumbersome for users, and the users can readily and conveniently set User's Choice values for an additionally set divisions.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a backup memory for storing data on image forming in a memory. When the power supply of the apparatus is turned off due to a trouble, a controller reproduces a status just before the power supply is turned off according to the data stored in the backup device if a predetermined time passes after the power supply is turned on again. However, new image forming is started if a preparation operation for new image forming is detected within the predetermined time. Further, if the power supply is turned off while a document is read, the controller reproduces the status just before the power supply is turned off when the power supply is turned on again.

Abstract: A belt-type fixing device includes a rotatably supported endless belt and a outer roller arranged outside the belt in contact therewith. Arranged inside the belt are a heater and an inner roller which are forced at respective pressures to the outer roller through the belt. Pressure of the inner roller to the outer roller is adjusted to be greater than that of the heater to the outer roller.

Abstract: A single-lens reflex camera comprises a taking lens having a zooming optical system, a finder whose angle of view is determined according to a focal length of the taking lens, and an operation member which is manually operated. In the single-lens reflex camera, the focal length of the taking lens is changed by driving the zooming optical system, and the zooming operation is controlled in response to an operation of the operation member so that the focal length of the taking lens is changed in the wide-angle direction by a predetermined amount. An angle of view corresponding to that which is seen before the focal length is changed is displayed within the finder.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus which reads document surfaces of open book-like documents placed on a document platen in a face upward condition and detects height of the document to control an image reading operation. An image reader reads the document platen on which the document is placed and outputs image data. A height detector detects height distribution of the document, and a discrimination device determines whether or not abnormalities occur in the height distribution of the document. A memory stores the height distribution of the document, and a update device updates the height distribution of the document stored in the memory when the abnormalities do not occur in the height distribution of the document. A correcting device corrects distortion of the image data caused by the height of the document in accordance with the height distribution of the document stored in the memory.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus having an auto power-off function, the durability of a roller of a heat fusing member or the like is improved. Before a lapse of a specified time .DELTA.t from a time T at which an auto power-off timer stops time counting, a fusing roller is driven for the time .DELTA.t. By this operation, the fusing roller is consistently driven within the set time of the auto power-off timer, thereby reducing a continuous stress in a nip portion of the fusing roller.

Abstract: A camera comprises an angular velocity sensor for detecting camera-shake. The angular velocity sensor takes a certain time to be stabilized after its operation is started. When correction of camera-shake is required during the certain period, it is displayed that correction of camera-shake is not possible.As a result, a photographer using the camera with the camera-shake detection sensor refrains from photographing when correction of camera-shake is not possible.

Abstract: Developer material remaining on an image bearing member after transfer are collected by a developer. A cleaning member is arranged between a charger and an exposure in contact with the image bearing member, for collecting the residual developer material. A bias controller controls biases to be applied to a cleaner, a charger, and a developer. During an image forming process, the biases are so determined that the residual toner on the image bearing member is collected by the cleaner. While the image forming process is not performed, the biases are so determined that the collected toner is removed from the cleaner to the image bearing member and then collected by the developer.