Abstract: A fluoroacrylic polymer having a lubricating effect, which comprises at least one kind selected from units derived from a fluoroalkyl acrylate and units derived from a fluoroalkyl methacrylate as a part or all of structural units and a reducing viscosity .eta.Sp/C not higher than 2 as measured at 25.degree. C. with respect to a solution of 0.1 g of the polymer in 100 ml of chloroform. The fluoroacrylic polymer is incorporated into a thermoplastic resin for rendering an excellent lubricating property thereto.

Abstract: A methacrylimide-containing polymer comprising a polymer (A) comprised of 5-100 weight % of units represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is H or a C1-20 hydrocarbon group, and 0-95 weight % of units derived from an ethylenic monomer, wherein a polymer derived from at least one ethylenic monomer has been grafted onto the polymer (A). The methacrylimide-containing polymer is used as a blend with another thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: An air jet for producing a filter plug for cigarette comprising an imparting portion for propelling force to a tow-like fiber bundle and a beak portion, wherein said imparting portion is constructed by a trumpet (21) having a converged tip end region, a trumpet holder (23) coaxially and encirclingly assembled on the trumpet (21) so that a primary air chamber (26a) is formed between the bodies of the trumpet and the trumpet holder, and an annular slit (29) communicated with the primary air chamber (26a) is also formed between the tip end regions of the trumpet (21) and the trumpet holder (23). An inner tube (22) is disposed coaxially in front of the assembly of the trumpet (21) and the trumpet holder (23), whereby a fiber path through which the tow-like fiber bundle is fed to a tongue of a filter plug machine is formed through the air jet along the axis thereof; the fiber bundle being accelerated by a propelling force imparted by compressed air ejected from the annular slit (29) to the fiber path.

Abstract: A polyester resin for a toner capable of being stably prepared without an occurrence of an abrupt crosslinking reaction is provided. This polyester resin has a crosslinked structure and is derived from (a) at least one member selected from the group consisting of tribasic and tetrabasic carboxylic acid components and trihydric and tetrahydric alcohol components, (b) an aromatic or alicyclic diol component, at least one of the hydroxyl groups of which is a secondary hydroxyl group, (c) optionally other diol component, and (d) a dicarboxylic acid component, wherein the contents of the units of the component (a) and the units of the component (b) satisfy the requirement represented by the following formula (1):(8m+20n)a-(80m+80n).ltoreq.b.ltoreq.

Abstract: A polyester for electrophotography derived from(a) at least one component selected from tri- or tetra-basic acid components and tri- or tetra-hydric alcohols;(b) at least one component selected from dibasic carboxylic acids and lower alkyl esters thereof; and(c) at least one component selected from aromatic diols and alicyclic diolswherein the proportion of x (mole %) of component (a) to the whole acid components and the proportion y (mole %) of component (c) to the whole acid components satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2):y<(133m+51.5n) log x+(60m+25.43n) (1)y>(253m+170n) log x-(176m+162n) (2)wherein 0<y<100, 0.5<x<50 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.100, 0.5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.50, m is a proportion of the tetrabasic acid or alcohol in component (a) (mole %), n is a proportion of the tribasic acid or alcohol in component (a) (mole %), and m+n=1. The polyester possesses a good resistance to off-setting and good grinding characteristics.

Abstract: An image-reading device comprises a lens unit array comprising an array of distributed refractive index plastic cylindrical lens elements and plastic plates, adhering the distributed refractive index plastic cylindrical lens elements therebetween, and a plastic case containing and holding the lens unit array. The difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the plates of the lens unit array and the plastic case is 5.0.times.10.sup.-5 cm/cm/.degree. C. or below, or more preferably, 3.0.times.10.sup.-5 cm/cm/.degree. C. or below. The plastic case is formed by connecting, in a longitudinal arrangement, a plurality of case segments formed by an injection molding.

Abstract: A process for the production of a printed wiring board, which comprises preparing a copper-clad laminate having a through-hole formed by drilling; providing a first resist pattern on the surface of the copper-clad laminate so as to cover a portion to be formed as a conductor pattern; etching the copper-clad laminate; removing the first resist pattern; subjecting the whole laminate to an electroless copper plating; laminating a dry film resist on the copper-clad laminate; exposing and developing the dry film resist to form a second resist pattern in such a manner that the through-hole and a portion to be plated are exposed; subjecting the exposed portions to an electrolytic copper plating; removing the second resist pattern; and removing the exposed electroless copper plating through etching.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cladding composition suitable for a plastic clad silica or glass core optical fiber of a good light transmittance. The cladding composition comprises (A) a fluorinated monofunctional acrylate or .alpha.-fluoroacrylate composition, (B) a polyfunctional acrylate or .alpha.-fluoroacrylate having at least two acryloyl or .alpha.-fluoroacryloyl radicals in the molecule, (C) a photoinitiator, and if desired, (D) a stabilizer selected from thiodicarboxylic acid diesters and hindered phenols. The fluorinated monofunctional acrylate or .alpha.-fluoroacrylate comprises 1-60 weight % of a highly fluorinated acrylate or .alpha.-fluoroacrylate of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is H or F, X is H or F, l is 1 to 12 and n is 5 to 12, and 40-99 weight % of a lowly fluorinated acrylate or .alpha.-fluoroacrylate of the formula: ##STR2## wherein X and Y are as defined above, and m is 1 to 3.

Abstract: A methacrylimide group-containing polymer containing repeating units represented by the following general formulas, respectively. ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are preferably methyl, butyl and methyl ester group, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer composition comprising (I) 60 to 99.8 wt. % of an amorphous copolymer comprising (a) units derived from perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole and (b) units derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.3, and (II) 0.2 to 40 wt. % of a compound having a hydrocarbon group containing at least one fluorine atom and at least one functional group selected from --OH, --SR, --COOH, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CONH--, --COO--CO--, --CONHCO--, --COO--, --CN, --NCO, --CO--, --HCOO--, --NH.sub.2 --, --NH--, .dbd.N, --SO.sub.3 H, --NHNH.sub.2, --CONH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.CH--, (RO).sub.n X.sub.3-n Si--, wherein R is a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group, n is a number of 0 to 3, and X is halogen or a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group. The polymer composition is useful for a plastic cladding of an optical fiber.

Abstract: A process for producing a toner resin by a two-step suspension polymerization process, which entails preparing a polymer of high molecular weight having a weight average molecular weight of greater than about 350,000 from at least one monomer having a polymerizable vinyl group using a compound having at least three t-butyl peroxide groups in one molecule, as a polymerization initiator, and then preparing a low molecular weight polymer in the presence of the high molecular weight polymer. A toner having an excellent fixing property and offset resistance can be obtained from the above resin.

Abstract: Disclosed is an impact-resistant thermoplastic resin composition comprising (a) a graft copolymer (II) prepared by polymerizing a monomer or monomer mixture predominantly comprised of methyl methacrylate and/or styrene in the presence of an agglomerated rubber copolymer (I') latex, and (b) bent-resistant rigid thermoplastic resin (III) comprised of .alpha.-methylstyrene or a maleimide compound. The agglomerated rubber copolymer (I') is prepared by emulsion-polymerizing an alkyl acrylate/1,3-butadiene mixture, and then agglomerating the resulting rubbery copolymer. The agglomeration is effected by adding (a) an acid group-containing copolymer prepared by emulsion polymerizing an alkyl methacrylate/unsaturated monomer mixture, and/or (b) an oxy acid salt selected from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, zinc, nickel and aluminum salts of oxy acids having as the center element an element selected from elements belonging to the second and third periods of groups IIIA through VIA of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: A distributed refractive index type optical transmission plastic article has a circular cross section of a radius r.sub.0 between 0.4 and 0.6 mm. A refractive index distribution of the optical transmission article substantially approximates predetermined ideal refractive index distribution curve at least in a range of 0.25r.sub.0 to 0.70r.sub.0 extending from a center axis toward a peripheral face of the article. The article has a refractive index n.sub.0 between 1.4 and 1.6 for its central part, a refractive index distribution constant between 0.3 and 0.7 mm.sup.-1, and a modulation transfer function (MTF) of at least 55%. This optical transmission article is made from uncured liquid substances each having a viscosity between 10.sup.3 and 10.sup.8 poises and refractive indexes n of n.sub.1 >n.sub.2 >n.sub.3 . . . n.sub.N when cured. N (N.gtoreq.

Abstract: A synthetic resin molded article having a good antistatic property, includes a synthetic resin substrate and a film of an antistatic polymer formed on the surface of the substrate. The antistatic polymer is prepared by polymerizing an anionic monomer represented by the formula (I) or a mixture of the anionic monomer and a monomer copolymerizable therewith: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or --CH.sub.3, A.sub.1 ##STR2## or phenylene, X is N or P, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently represent an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group which may have a substituent, n is 0, 1 or 2, B is an alkylene, arylene or aralkylene group which may have an ester bond, and R.sub.6 is H or an alkyl group.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a synthetic resin-shaped article having good antistatic properties is provided, which entails a) polymerizing a monomer mixture containing monomers (A), (B) and (C) to form a first copolymer; b) subsequently polymerizing monomers (D) and (E) in the presence of the first polymer to prepare a second copolymer; forming a film of the second copolymer on the molding surface of a casting mold; and supplying a starting material capable of forming a synthetic resin into the casting mold and polymerizing the starting material to form the substrate in the casting mold, thereby transferring the film of the previous step to the surface of the substrate from the molding surface of the casting mold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a methacrylic resin cast plate which is comprised of 100 parts by weight of [I] polymethyl methacrylate or a methyl methacrylate copolymer containing at least 90% by weight of methyl methacrylate units and, dispersed therein, a graft copolymer [IV] obtained by graft-polymerizing a hard resin component [III] containing at least 90% by weight of methyl methacrylate units onto a crosslinked rubbery copolymer [II] containing at least 45% by weight of butyl acrylate units and having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 1 .mu.m, the amount of the graft copolymer [IV] being 2 to 30 parts by weight as the amount of the crosslinked rubbery copolymer.

Abstract: An antistatic agent capable of imparting a permanent antistatic property to a methacrylic resin is prepared as follows. First, an alkyl methacrylate is subjected to living polymerization in an atmosphere substantially free of water in the pressure of at least one compound acting as a source for supplying an anion selected from HF.sub.2.sup.-, (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiF.sub.2.sup.- and F.sup.- by using as an initiator a compound represented by the formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein R is H or CH.sub.3 and R.sup.1 is H or alkyl; second, a methacrylic acid ester comprising at least 80 mole % of a methacrylic acid ester represented by the formula (III): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is alkyl and m is from 1 to 6, is subjected to living polymerization in the presence of the polymer obtained in the first step, to prepare a di-block or tri-block copolymer; and then, amino groups of segments derived from the methacrylic acid ester of the formula (III) in the block copolymer are quaternized.

Abstract: A polyester resin comprised of (a) units derived from a terephthalic acid component and/or a isophthalic acid component, (b) 0 to 80 mole %, based on the total carboxylic acid component, of units derived from a diol component represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, and x and y are integers satisfying the requirement of 2.ltoreq.x+y.ltoreq.6,and (c) 20 to 200 mole %, based on the total carboxylic acid component, of units derived from an aliphatic diol component. The polyester has a weight average molecular weight M.sub.w of 3,000 to 20,000, a number average molecular weight M.sub.n of 1,000 to 10,000, a glass transition temperature T.sub.g of 40.degree. to 70.degree. C., and a softening temperature of 70.degree. to 130.degree. C. The polyester is valuable for a toner.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optically active compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy-alkyl, which may be substituted by halogen, X and U are a direct bond, --O--, --COO-- or --OCO--, Y and Z are a direct bond, --COO--, --OCO--, --CH.sub.2 O-- or --OCH.sub.2 --, A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are phenylene, cyclohexylene or a phenylene- or cyclohexylene-containing group, p and q are 0 or 1, C* is an asymmetric carbon atom, with the proviso that when Z is a direct bond, q is 0, R.sub.2 is alkyl, Y is a direct bond, --OCO-- or --OCH.sub.2 --. The optically active compound is used as a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an additive to a ferroelectric or non-ferroelectric liquid crystal.

Abstract: An optical imaging device for projecting an image in a strip area, comprising a reflecting plate having a plurality of pairs of reflecting surfaces arranged on a flat surface and forming an array in a first direction parallel to a long direction of a strip image, and at least one cylindrical focusing lens or mirror having a focusing power directed only to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The pair of reflecting surfaces is composed of two flat surfaces which cross at about a .pi./2 radian, and the crossing line of two adjacent reflecting surfaces is perpendicular to the first direction. The reflecting plate projects the image component in parallel to the first direction and the cylindrical focusing lens or mirror projects an image component perpendicular to the first direction. The resolving power in the first direction of the obtained image is determined by the pitch length of the pair of reflecting surfaces.