Abstract: Chlorine is produced by reacting hydrogen chloride and oxygen in the presence of a chromium oxide catalyst in a reactor whose catalyst-contacting part is lined with one of lining materials represented by the following general formula (I):M.sub.a X.sub.b (I)wherein M means boron, aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium or chromium, X denotes oxygen, nitrogen or carbon, a is an integer of 1-2 and b stands for an integer of 1-3 or with a mixture of at least two of the lining materials. The above process and reactor are effective in maintaining the activity of the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber dispersed copolymer resin having excellent heat resistance, impact strength and moldability and composed of (1) a dispersed phase formed of a rubbery polymer and copolymerized styrene-type, acrylonitrile-type and maleimide-type monomers, said rubbery polymer specificaly controlled occluding the copolymer of monomers, being grafted with the copolymer and/or forming a multicomponent gel together with copolymers, and (2) a continuous phase formed at least of a specifically controlled copolymer of the styrene-type, acrylonitrile-type and maleimide-type monomers. The resin is useful as a molding material for electric appliances, electronic equipment and cars.

Abstract: A novel negative charge color toner composition for electrostatic charge development having good light resistance and copy sharpness which contains, as a dyestuff in a toner resin, a 1-amino-2-phenoxy- or 2-thiophenoxy-4-hydroxyanthraquinone whose phenoxy or thophenoxy group is substituted and/or a 1,4-diamino-2,3-phenoxyanthraquinone whose phenoxy group is substitited, which can be conventionally produced.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phosphoric acid esters of myoinositol, which are represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## and their salts, as well as a preparation process thereof. The myoinositol derivatives can each be obtained by causing a phosphorylating agent to act on a myoinositol derivative substituted with catalytic reduction removable substituent groups at the positions other than those desired to be substituted by phosphoric acid residual groups and then catalytically reducing the thus-phosphorylated myoinositol.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel multivalent metal-modified salicyclic acid resins useful as color-developing agents for pressure-sensitive copying paper. They can each be produced by causing a salicyclic acid ester and a styrene derivative to undergo a Friedel-Crafts reaction in the presence of a strong acid catalyst, hydrolyzing the resulting salicylic acid ester resin, and then reacting the thus-obtained salicyclic acid resin with a multivalent metal salt.

Abstract: Substantially flat surfaced emulsion particles polymerized vinyl monomer, having a concavity in at least one of the flat surfaces, a diameter D of from 0.1 to 5.0 .mu.m, and a particle diameter thickness d ratio (d/D) of 1.2 to 5.0, prepared by the step of (1) aqueous emulsion polymerizing a first vinyl monomer or mixture of monomers (a) to form vinyl polymer seed particles; and (2) aqueous emulsion polymerizing a second vinyl monomer or mixture of monomers (b) in the presence of the vinyl polymer seed particles and a non-aqueous organic solvent having a surface tention to water at 20.degree. C. of 48 dyne/cm or more, in a weight ratio of monomer (a) to monomer (b) of 0.5/99.5 to 50/50; and are useful in high performance recording material, paint compositions and paper coating compositions.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyimide foams are provided which essentially consist of recurring units represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is a bond, divalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms etc. and R is an aliphatic radical having 2 or more carbon atoms, cycloaliphatic radical etc.The foams have an apparent density of from 0.02 to 0.2 g/cc, average cell diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm and a closed cell content of 50% or more.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: In the manufacturing method of ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol, these glycols can be prepared with a highly selectivity and at a high yield by applying the catalyst comprising a carboxylic acid and a carboxylic acid salt or a metal salt of formic acid alone.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is to react an aniline and an ethylene glycol at a superatmospheric pressure in preparing an indole by subjecting the aniline and ethylene glycol to a gas-phase catalytic reaction in the presence of a catalyst, thereby improving the selectivity of the reaction and the service life of the catalyst.

Abstract: In a process for preparing isocyanurate ring-containing materials useful in the production of lacquers and foams which comprises trimerizing an organic isocyanate compound in the presence of a catalyst, the use of potassium fluoride as the catalyst makes it possible to yield the desired product rapidly without formation of by-products. More preferably, the reaction efficiency can further be enhanced by using a polyethylene oxide compound, a quaternary ammonium salt and/or a phosphonium compound in combination with potassium fluoride.

Abstract: There is here disclosed a method for removing nitrous oxide (N.sub.2 O), carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and dinitrogen difluoride (N.sub.2 F.sub.2) from a nitrogen trifluoride gas. The present invention is directed to a method for purifying a nitrogen trifluoride gas which comprises the steps of thermally treating, at a temperature of 250.degree. to 700.degree. C., a zeolite selected from the group consisting of analcime, clinoptilolite, mordenite, ferrierite, phillipsite, chabazite, erionite and laumotite; forming a packed bed of the treated zeolite; and passing the nitrogen trifluoride gas containing the gaseous impurities at a temperature of -125.degree. to 50.degree. C. through the filler layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel polyimide which is high-temperature resistant and capable of being molded in a fused state. This invention also relates to a high-temperature adhesive using the polyimide.The polyimide consists essentially of recurring units of the formula: ##STR1## where R is a tetra-valent radical selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic radical having 2 or more carbon atoms, alicyclic radical, monoaromatic radical, condensed polyaromatic radical, and non-condensed polyaromatic radical wherein aromatic radicals are linked to one another directly or via a bridge member.The polyimide can be prepared by reacting bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenoxy)phenyl] sulfone with a tetracarboxylic dianhydride in an organic solvent and imidizing the resultant polyamic acid.

Abstract: This invention provides a wafer processing film comprising a base film having a Shore D hardness of 40 or less and an adhesive layer disposed on one surface of the base film. In grinding the surfaces of wafers such as silicon and similar wafers, breakage can be prevented by affixing the wafers to the adhesive layer of the processing film and then grinding them.

Abstract: An aromatic polyamide is produced by subjecting an aromatic diisocyanate and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid to polycondensation in the presence of an alkali metal compound and/or an alkaline earth metal compound as a catalyst in an aprotonic polar solvent. The aromatic polyamide can be rendered suitable for use in the production of high-tenacity fibers by charging in advance the solvent, aromatic dicarboxylic acid and catalyst in a mixing system, reducing the water content in the mixing system to at least 50 ppm and then introducing the aromatic diisocyanate to conduct the polycondensation.

Abstract: Aromatic polyamide having good high-temperature resistance and processing ability is obtained by specifying the ratio of storage modulus at the glass transition temperature (Tg).degree.C. to that of (Tg+100).degree.C.

Abstract: A block copolymer of propylene can be obtained with its quality controlled uniform by conducting at first continuous polymerization of propylene in a polymerization system, receiving a polymer slurry, which has been discharged continuously from the polymerization system, in a batchwise polymerization tank, feeding ethylene to the tank to conduct batchwise polymerization of ethylene and propylene. Upon discharge of a copolymer slurry formed by the preceding batchwise polymerization, at least a predetermined amount of unreacted ethylene is left over in the tank. Into the tank with the unreacted ethylene still left over therein, there are simultaneously charged the polymer slurry from the polymerization system and a deactivator. During this charging, ethylene is not supplied.

Abstract: Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is prepared by introducing a hexamethylenediamine (HDA) solution and an equivalent amount or more of hydrogen chloride gas simultaneously into a turbulent zone in the vicinity of an agitating blade in an inert organic solvent held under agitation within a tank-shaped reactor and allowing them to undergo a successive salt-forming reaction so as to obtain a high-concentration slurry of hexamethylenediamine hydrochloride (HDA.multidot.HCl) and then reacting the slurry with phosgene. The phosgenation is effected by charging an HDA.multidot.HCl slurry of a high concentration, such as that obtained by the above process, into a tank-shaped reactor held under a pressure above the atmosphere pressure but below 5 kg/cm.sup.2 G and controlling the amount of phosgene, which is to be blown into the reactor, at a level 1-18 molar times per hour the total amount of HDA.multidot.HCl and HDI in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester or the hydrohalide thereof is prepared by esterifying .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine or .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine which has been formed in situ by treating an N-protected-.alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid or a methanol-containing aqueous solution of sulfuric acid in the presence of an alkali metal halide or alkaline earth metal halide in a medium composed of sulfuric acid, water and methanol, thereby to allow the resulting .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenyl-alanine methyl ester to precipitate as its corresponding hydrohalide, and then isolating the hydrohalide; and when the preparation of the methyl ester is desired, neutralizing the hydrohalide.

Abstract: Novel 3-substituted phenyl-2-isoxazoline-5-carboxylic acids or esters thereof. These compounds have excellent properties as plant growth regulators.