Abstract: In one embodiment, the present specification discloses a modified spike (S) protein comprising of SEQ ID NO: 2, the modified spike protein encoded by a gene sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and methods of using the modified spike protein as disclosed herein.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present application discloses a cell culture medium for culturing cell lines suitable for producing a therapeutic protein, comprising an amino acid selected from a group consisting of L-arginine, L-asparagine, L-proline, L leucine and L hydroxyproline and a mixture thereof; a vitamin selected from a group consisting of ascorbic acid Mg2+ salt, biotin, pyridoxine HCL, folic acid, riboflavin and D-calcium pantothenate, and a mixture thereof; an element selected from a group consisting of ammonium meta vanadate, sodium meta vanadate, germanium dioxide, barium acetate, aluminum chloride, rubidium chloride, cadmium chloride, ammonium molybedate, stannous chloride, cobalt chloride, chromium sulfate, silver nitrate, sodium metasilicate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate H2O, manganous chloride, ferric nitrate 9H2O, ferrous sulfate 7H2O, ferric ammonium citrate, magnesium chloride anhydrous, and magnesium sulfate anhydrous, and a mixture thereof; a nucleoside selected from a group consisting of u

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present application discloses a cell culture medium for culturing cell lines suitable for producing a therapeutic protein, comprising an amino acid selected from a group consisting of L-arginine, L-asparagine, L-proline, L leucine and L hydroxyproline and a mixture thereof; a vitamin selected from a group consisting of ascorbic acid Mg2+ salt, biotin, pyridoxine HCL, folic acid, riboflavin and D-calcium pantothenate, and a mixture thereof; an element selected from a group consisting of ammonium meta vanadate, sodium meta vanadate, germanium dioxide, barium acetate, aluminum chloride, rubidium chloride, cadmium chloride, ammonium molybedate, stannous chloride, cobalt chloride, chromium sulfate, silver nitrate, sodium metasilicate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate H2O, manganous chloride, ferric nitrate 9H2O, ferrous sulfate 7H2O, ferric ammonium citrate, magnesium chloride anhydrous, and magnesium sulfate anhydrous, and a mixture thereof; a nucleoside selected from a group consisting of u

Abstract: The present application discloses new PEG-interferon lambda 1 conjugates (PEG-IFN?1), processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these conjugates and processes for making the same. These conjugates have increased blood half-lives and persistence time compared to IFN?1 and are effective in the treatment of hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

Abstract: The present application discloses new PEG-interferon lambda 1 conjugates (PEG-IFN?1), processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these conjugates and processes for making the same. These conjugates have increased blood half-lives and persistence time compared to IFN?1 and are effective in the treatment of hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

Abstract: The present application discloses new PEG-interferon lambda 1 conjugates (PEG-IFN?1), processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these conjugates and processes for making the same. These conjugates have increased blood half-lives and persistence time compared to IFN?1 and are effective in the treatment of hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

Abstract: Methods of binding biomolecules to a substrate are provided that include contacting the biomolecule with a branched linking moiety to form a branched linking structure. The branched linking structure is then contacted with a binding moiety on the substrate to form a coupled substrate binding structure, thereby binding the biomolecule to the substrate. The biomolecule may contain a Lewis base or a nucleophile to react with a Lewis acid or electrophile in the branched linking moiety. Alternatively, the biomolecule may contain a Lewis acid or electrophile that can react with a Lewis base or nucleophile in the branched linking moiety. Additionally, the biomolecule can be bound to the substrate through a covalent or non-covalent bond.

Abstract: Provided are processes for preparing a 3?-deoxypentopyranosyl oligomers with linkers for linking biomolecules. The processes can the steps of: bonding a 4?-protected-3?-deoxypentopyranosyl nucleoside to a solid support by coupling the 2?-OH group with a CPG support or other similar support with an amide linkage; deprotecting the 4?-protected-3?-deoxypentopyranosyl nucleoside at the 4? position; deprotecting the 4?-protected-3?-deoxypentopyranosyl nucleoside at the 4? position; and conjugating a linker to the free 4? position. The resulting product can be conjugated via the linker to a biomolecule. The method can include, prior to addition of the linker, reacting the 4?-OH group of the 4?-protected-3?-deoxypentopyranosyl nucleoside that is linked to the solid support with a 4?-protected-3?-deoxypentopyranosyl nucleoside phosphoramidite in the presence of a coupling reagent, and oxidizing the reaction product. This step can be repeated one or more times to produce an oligomer of desired length.

Abstract: A method for determining whether a subject has had a stroke and, if so, the type of stroke which includes analyzing the subject's body fluid for at least four selected markers of stroke, namely, myelin basic protein, S100 protein, neuronal specific enolase and a brain endothelial membrane protein such as thrombomodulin or a similar molecule. The data obtained from the analyses provide information as to the type of stroke, the onset of occurrence and the extent of brain damage and allow a physician to determine quickly the type of treatment required by the subject.

Abstract: An assay system and methods are described where patient samples containing genomic DNA are analyzed for the presence of known genetic polymorphisms using a universal reporter strategy. In a preferred embodiment, the amplified DNA is localized at test sites in an array of sites on a microchip followed by a series of hybridization reactions that screen for the presence of a single mutation from among a number of mutations, and allow the identification of specific mutations. In addition to universal reporters, the assay may use blockers and discriminators for screening and identification of known polymorphisms.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for addressing and driving an electrode array includes addressing one or more electrodes within the array using a plurality of row and column lines. In one aspect, a value corresponding to a voltage is stored in a local memory associated with each electrode. The addressed electrodes are then driven at the voltages corresponding to the stored values. In another aspect of the method, a driving element associated with each addressed electrode is selectively coupled with a voltage line so as to charge the electrode with the voltage on the voltage line. The device and methods may be used in the synthesis of biopolymers such as oligonucleotides and peptides.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved synthetic polymer hydrogel permeation layers for use on active electronic matrix devices for biological assays. The present invention includes methods for forming a permeation layer on an array of microelectrodes including the steps of attaching a linker to the surface of the array and providing a polymerization solution that includes a porogen. The surface of the array is then contacted with the polymerization solution and the polymerization solution is then polymerized on the surface of the array to form a permeation layer that is attached o the surface of the array through the linker. The porogen is then removed from the permeation layer, thereby creating void spaces in the permeation layer.

Abstract: This application includes methods for detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a sample using an electronically addressable microchip having a plurality of test sites. A sample nucleic acid is electronically biased, concentrated at, and immobilized to a test site on the microchip. A mixture comprising a first labeled probe and a second labeled probe is electronically hybridized to the sample nucleic acid to form first or second hybridized complexes. The first labeled probe is perfectly complementary to the first sample nucleic acid and the second labeled probe is complementary to the sample nucleic acid and contains a nucleotide that forms a mismatch with the nucleotide at the site of the polymorphism. The first or second hybridized complexes are detected by determining a signal intensity of the label of the first or second probe.

Abstract: A specific and sensitive in vitro ELISA assay and diagnostic test kit is disclosed for determining levels of NT-proBNP protein in a variety of bodily fluids, non-limiting examples of which are blood, serum, plasma, urine and the like. The NT-proBNP ELISA assay test employs the sandwich ELISA technique to measure circulating NT-proBNP in human plasma. In order to obtain antibodies with specific binding properties for targeted amino acid sequences within human proBNP, recombinant human proBNP (or rhproBNP) was expressed and purified for use as an immunogen. Polyclonal antibodies (PAb) to specific amino acid sequences were subsequently purified from goat serum by sequential affinity purification. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against specific polypeptides. Recombinant human NT-proBNP (or rhNT-proBNP) was expressed and purified in order to obtain material for use in calibration of a quantitative method for measurement of human NT-proBNP.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds including at least one pentopyranosyl nucleic acid and a biomolecule conjugated through a covalent linkage to the at least one pentopyranosyl nucleic acid. The pentopyranosyl nucleic acid has at least two pentopyranosyl nucleotide subunits covalently linked between carbon 4 and carbon 2 of their respective pentopyranosyl rings. The pentopyranosyl nucleic acid does not non-covalently bond or hybridize to naturally occurring DNA or RNA. The invention also relates to compounds comprising a biotin molecule and a pentopyranosyl nucleic acid conjugated through a covalent linkage to the biotin molecule. Processes for preparing conjugates are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides assay methods and kits that in general measure the level of a first analyte in a sample reduced by the level of a second analyte present in the same sample. In one embodiment, where levels of a first analyte from a first source is desirably determined and first analyte in the sample released from a second source is accompanied by proportional co-release of a second analyte, the assay identifies the level of first analyte released only from the first source. For analytes within bodily fluids, the assay can differentiate between elevated levels of analyte specific to the particular physiological or pathological state and elevated levels not specific to the particular state, providing single tests with diagnostic utility.

Abstract: The invention relates to conjugates including at least one linker, a biomolecule coupled to the linker, and cyclohexane derivatives of the following formula: and oligomers thereof.

Abstract: A system useful in performing active biological reactions includes an array of unit cells arranged in rows and columns. Row lines are coupled to row contacts of unit cells of the array. A row selector is coupled to the row lines to provide a row select voltage. Column lines are coupled to column contacts of the array. A column selector is coupled to the column lines to provide more than two column voltage states on the column lines. The unit cells are coupled to a supply and to an electrode, the row select and column select voltage states provides variable current output from the electrode of the unit cell. A return electrode is coupled to a potential and adapted to contact conductive solution including charged biological materials, wherein in the presence of the conductive solution, current is provided between various unit cells and the return electrode.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer, predict disease risk assessment, and develop therapeutic avenues against said disease.

Abstract: In a method and a network for evaluating medical data in a clinical study, biochips containing patient samples with multiple biomolecular markers are tested in a number of point of care test devices respectively at point of care sites. Each test of each biochip sample produces a diagnostic result, which is entered into the electronic patient record for the patient who produced the sample. A follow-up examination is subsequently conducted for each patient, and the results of the follow-up examination are also entered into that patient's electronic patient record. The follow-up results indicate whether the diagnostic test result was a false positive, a false negative or correct. The follow-up data and the original diagnostic results from all point of care sites are electronically transmitted to a remote server, which has access to an expert system which uses the test results and the follow-up data to automatically devise a measurement protocol for a selected pathology.